Deep cooling of optically trapped atoms implemented by magnetic levitation without transverse confinement
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Abstract:
We report a setup for the deep cooling of atoms in an optical trap. The deep cooling is implemented by eliminating the influence of gravity using specially constructed magnetic coils. Compared to the conventional method of generating a magnetic levitating force, the lower trap frequency achieved in our setup provides a lower limit of temperature and more freedoms to Bose gases with a simpler solution. A final temperature as low as ∼6nK is achieved in the optical trap, and the atomic density is decreased by nearly two orders of magnitude during the second stage of evaporative cooling. This deep cooling of optically trapped atoms holds promise for many applications, such as atomic interferometers, atomic gyroscopes, and magnetometers, as well as many basic scientific research directions, such as quantum simulations and atom optics.Keywords:
Magnetic trap
Atom optics
Trap (plumbing)
Ultracold atom
Magnetic Levitation
Atom interferometer
Evaporative cooler
The Cold Atom Laboratory is a multipurpose ultracold gas experiment currently being developed for operation on the international space station. It will have the ability to demonstrate proof-of-principle atom interferometry experiments in space. By using microgravity, atom interferometry has the potential to achieve extremely good performance in sensing and navigation applications. Terrestrial experiments can be used to explore potential challenges and prior to launch. One issue of concern is the release of cold atoms from a magnetic trap into free space. Although the atoms will not fall, they can acquire relatively large velocities due to technical limitations such as stray magnetic fields. This can limit the time available for measurements and thus the atom interferometer performance.
Atom interferometer
Ultracold atom
Atom optics
Trap (plumbing)
Free space
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We describe the behavior of a single zone atom interferometer, implemented via cold atoms released from a trap and falling under gravity through a pair of bichromatic counter-propagating fields, and experimental efforts to realize it.
Atom interferometer
Atom optics
Ultracold atom
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Abstract : It is well known that ultracold atoms (T < 1 milliKelvin) are promising candidates for nextgeneration inertial sensors and magnetometers. An interferometer measures accelerations and rotations in much the same way as does a laser-based interferometer, except that the recorded interferograms are due to matter wave interference rather than optical interference. Large laboratory-based atom interferometers using thermal atom beams have demonstrated unparalleled performance, but the most promising path to making such technology practical is to use ultracold atoms: unlike room temperature atoms, cold atoms can be guided along controlled trajectories, analogous to fiber optics for light. The roles of matter and light are reversed - whereas material guides photons in fiber optics, photons guide atoms in atom optics. To realize high sensitivities with cold atoms, we must: (1) obtain a large flux of cold atoms and (2) guide atoms coherently in atom waveguides. Our group is working on these issues using optical techniques with cold atoms derived from a magneto-optical trap that contains roughly 108 rubidium atoms at a temperature of 10 muK and density of 10(11) atoms/cm(3).
Ultracold atom
Atom interferometer
Atom optics
Magneto-optical trap
Matter wave
Rubidium
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The manipulation of cold atoms with optical fields is a very promising technique for a variety of applications ranging from laser cooling and trapping to coherent atom transport and matter wave interferometry. Optical fields have also been proposed as interesting tools for quantum information processing with cold atoms. In this paper, we present a theoretical study of the dynamics of a cold 87Rb atomic cloud falling in the gravity field in the presence of two crossing dipole guides. The cloud is either deflected or split between the two branches of this guide. We explore the possibilities of optimization of this device and present preliminary results obtained in the case of zero‐temperature dilute Bose‐Einstein condensates.
Ultracold atom
Atom optics
Atom interferometer
Matter wave
Raman cooling
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The basic principles, methods and experimental results on the generation of cold or ultracold atomic beams and their recent progresses are reviewed. The schemes to produce cold or ultracold atomic beams by laser cooling (Doppler, sub-Doppler and sub-recoil cooling) and magneto-optical trapping technique are introduced in detail, and the applications of cold or ultracold atomic beams in the studies of basic physical problems and atom optics are briefly introduced.
Ultracold atom
Recoil
Atom optics
Doppler cooling
Raman cooling
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Microgravity eases several constraints limiting experiments with ultracold and condensed atoms on ground. It enables extended times of flight without suspension and eliminates the gravitational sag for trapped atoms. These advantages motivated numerous initiatives to adapt and operate experimental setups on microgravity platforms. We describe the design of the payload, motivations for design choices, and capabilities of the Bose-Einstein Condensate and Cold Atom Laboratory (BECCAL), a NASA-DLR collaboration. BECCAL builds on the heritage of previous devices operated in microgravity, features rubidium and potassium, multiple options for magnetic and optical trapping, different methods for coherent manipulation, and will offer new perspectives for experiments on quantum optics, atom optics, and atom interferometry in the unique microgravity environment on board the International Space Station.
Ultracold atom
Atom interferometer
Atom optics
Payload (computing)
Limiting
Rubidium
Quantum sensor
Energetic neutral atom
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Abstract : Gyroscopes based on ultracold atom interferometry have the potential to exhibit an intrinsic sensitivity larger by a factor of 4 x 1010 than for light-based interferometers. One of the major technical challenges for the advancement of atom optics and development of practical guided matter wave interferometers is the realization of coherent beam splitters. The overall focus of our research program is to develop a physical understanding of the conditions needed for coherent beam splitting and transport and use this knowledge to implement atom chip based interferometers using clouds of ultracold atoms. In this report we describe our experimental apparatus in detail and discuss the current progress towards interferometric measurements with clouds of ultracold atoms in a chip-based magnetic waveguide.
Atom interferometer
Ultracold atom
Beam splitter
Atom optics
Optical physics
Matter wave
Realization (probability)
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In this paper, we report the design, implementation and experimental results of a portable, compact cold Cs atom physics package for atom interferometer experiments. With the physics package, we trapped and deep-cooled Cs atoms to ultracold temperatures of <; 5 μK. The deep-cooling method used in this work is relatively simple and effective, with which we obtained controlled temperature adjustment between 5 and 80 μK. The portability of the physics package makes it suitable for implementing atom interferometry with various interrogation configurations and relative orientations. The system is also good for studies of compact cold atom frequency standards. With the Raman laser and light pulse manipulation system we developed in this work, this portable cold Cs atom physics package is being used for atom interferometer experiments in our laboratory.
Atom interferometer
Ultracold atom
Atom optics
Software portability
Applied physics
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Ultracold atom
Atom interferometer
Atom optics
Matter wave
Coherent control
Quantum sensor
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Atom Interferometry is proved to be a potential method for measuring the acceleration of atoms due to Gravity, we are now building a feasible system of cold atom gravimeter. In this paper development and the important applications of laser cooling and trapping atoms are introduced, some key techniques which are used to obtain 87Rb cold atoms in our experiments are also discussed.
Gravimeter
Atom interferometer
Ultracold atom
Atom optics
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