The Potentiodynamic Polarisation of a High-Alloy Steel—An Analysis by Acoustic Emission Testing and Long-Distance Microscopy
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The potentiodynamic polarisation behaviour of a high-alloy Cr-Mn-Ni steel in its as-cast state was investigated in a 0.1 M H2SO4 solution by means of acoustic emission (AE) testing. Simultaneously, the evolution of hydrogen and oxygen gas bubbles was observed by long-distance microscopy. Three regions of acoustic activity were identified during the polarisation process from the cathodic range up to transpassivity. Bubble release at the pores and gas-assisted exfoliation of the passive oxide were identified as the AE sources. An evaluation of the gas stream revealed two types of oxygen bubbles that differed significantly in size. The effect was attributed to different points of origin at the electrode.Keywords:
Acoustic Emission
Exfoliation joint
Alloy steel
Corrosion in harsh marine environment is a fatal factor influencing the performance and service life of a marine structure. Cathodic protection in combination with other methods like coating is a very effective way to mitigate the corrosion of metallic structures in sea water. According to the different ways of protective current,cathodic protection is divided into two methods,including sacrificial anode and impressed current cathodic protection. Sacrificial anode method is simple and reliable,but needs large amount of anode materials,and more accurate design. Impressed current cathodic protection method can realize the automatic control,making the protected structure always in the set range of potential by the automatic adjustment of current output. This review deals with the state-of-the-art of cathodic protection technology for marine engineering structures,including sacrificial anode materials and impressed current cathodic protection system for marine structures,the criteria of cathodic protection potential for alloyed steels with different strength,the cathodic protection monitoring as well as the development and application of the design method for optimization,especially,the numerical simulation design approach. Finally,the trend of development of cathodic protection for marine structures has been discussed.
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This chapter contains sections titled: Sacrificial Anode Cathodic Protection Systems Impressed Current Cathodic Protection Systems Cathodic Protection Current Need Effect of Coatings on Cathodic Protection Effect of Passivation on Cathodic Protection Automated Cathodic Protection Systems Cathodic Protection Criteria Reliability of Cathodic Protection Criteria Interference Effects of Cathodic Protection Systems Criteria for Cathodic Protection Projects Cost of Cathodic Protection Comparison of Cathodic Protection Systems
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There are standards and regulations set for minimum Cathodic protection criterion,without maximum one in domestic and abroad.The theory of cathodic disbonding is introduced in this paper,and the condition of cathodic disbonding is stated,the relationship between the cathodic protection potential and the cathodic disbonding diameter is affirmed by experiments,some advices on set of cathodic protection potential is put forward in the end of the paper.
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The prelims comprise: Historical Background Basic Concepts Contemporary Trendsin Cathodic Protection Criteria Impressed Current Cathodic Protection Sacrificial Anodes Protection from Stray Currents Cathodic Protection of Reinforced Concrete Structures Other Applications of Cathodic Protection Designing Cathodic Protection Systems Anodic Protection Further Development of Electrochemical Protection References
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This chapter contains sections titled: Current Needed for Cathodic Protection of Steel Structures Cathodic Protection Criteria Determination of Protection Potential Cathodic Protection Methods for Reinforced Concrete Steels Cathodic Protection of Pre-Stressed Steel Concrete Pipes
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Abstract This article describes in detail the process of corrosion control by cathodic and anodic protection. The discussion covers the basic concept of cathodic and anodic protection systems, their types and equipment used, and the advantages, limitations, and applications of these protection systems. The types of cathodic protection systems include sacrificial cathodic protection and impressed-current cathodic protection systems. Some of the technical problems associated with cathodic protection include the effects of stray currents on the corrosion of adjacent metal structures, the effects of the chemical reactions occurring at the surface of the protected structure, and the effects of cathodic protection on coatings.
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Cathodic protection of 13 Cr stainless steel was studied. In dilute HCl and H2SO4 solutions, 13 Cr stainless steel suffers some what from cathodic corrosion, and it can be fairly protected by cathodic current. But in dilute HNO3 solution, cathodic corrosion occurs just like in 18-8 stainless steel, as described in the previous paper. The conclusions of the 2nd and the 3rd reports are as follows: (1) The cause of cathodic corrosion of 13 Cr and 18-8 stainless steels is due to reduction of the protective oxide film on their surfaces. (2) In the case when the surface film gives good corrosion resistance to the alloys, cathodic current is of no use. But in the case when free corrosion is of a certain value, cathodic protection is effective in suppressing its occurrence.
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This chapter contains sections titled: Sacrificial Anode Cathodic Protection Systems Impressed Current Cathodic Protection Systems Cathodic Protection Current Need Effect of Coatings on Cathodic Protection Effect of Passivation on Cathodic Protection Automated Cathodic Protection Systems Cathodic Protection Criteria Reliability of Cathodic Protection Criteria Interference Effects of Cathodic Protection Systems Criteria for Cathodic Protection Projects Cost of Cathodic Protection Comparison of Cathodic Protection Systems
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Cathodic protection for concrete bridges over seas can effectively protection steel in the structure.The impressed current cathodic protection and sacrificial anode cathodic protection are analyzed in this paper.The characteristics,key points and method of various types of cathodic protection system being used in the concrete bridges over seas are analyzed in particular.And the matters needing attention of implementation cathodic protection is put forward.
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Pipeline cathodic protection parameters include the natural corrosion potential,cathodic protection potential and the protection current density.There parameters decide the effectiveness of cathodic protection.According to the related criterion,different current density values are corresponding to different coating levels.An analysis is made of the current density anomaly to determine the effectiveness of coating.The results show that cathodic protection current density in the evaluation of coating performance and effectiveness of cathodic protection is of great guiding significance.However,cathodic protection current density and evaluation of coating need to be improved for a further refinement.
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