Estrogenicity assessment of membrane concentrates from landfill leachate treated by the UV-Fenton process using a human breast carcinoma cell line
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Phthalic acid
Degradation
This paper had the objective of analyzing and characterizing the leachate from Nyanza landfill. The results revealed that the composition of the leachate is changeable according to the nature, the deposit time, and the climatic change. Leachate collected in the middle of landfill is categorized in the phase III of acid formation while the leachate collected from the exit is classified in the phase IV of methane formation and reasons for this variability are mainly waste nature, the deposit time, and the climate changes.
Bioreactor landfill
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Landfill leachate recirculation treatment process is a promising and economic way in northeast China due to the distinct season variation. In order to study the effects of leachate recycle on leachate production, leachate quality and waste stabilization, two simulated sanitary landfill reactors, one with leachate recirculation and the other without, were placed outdoor in Harbin. The three-year experimental results indicated that leachate production was reduced by 87.6% with leachate recirculation which meant less or no facility for leachate treatment was required. Recirculation could improve leachate quality dramatically with lower TOC, COD, BOD, VFA, NH+4-N, SS and higher pH level which made leachate treatment easy. Recirculation also could enhance waste degradation and stabilization and improve the efficiency of landfill. This study confirmed that leachate recirculation was a feasible way for on-site landfill leachate treatment and waste stabilization in cold area like northeast China.
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In the present study, effect of repeated leachate recycling on leachate characteristics was observed in a laboratory experiment. Solid wastes of different ages, exhumed from a landfill in New Delhi (India), were used. Leachate generated from the same landfill was used to perform the experiments. Results show that repeated leachate recycling offers advantage in attenuating some pollutants in the leachate; however, more than two leachate-recycling passes may not be beneficial. Leachate Pollution Index (LPI) results show considerable reduction in the pollution potential of recycled leachate when compared with raw leachate.
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In order to study the effect of the diameter of leachate drainage pipeline on operational characteristics of semi-aerobic landfills,three simulated semi-aerobic landfills with leachate recirculation were constructed in laboratory using different diameters(80,50,and 25 mm) of leachate drainage pipelines,and the variations in temperature of the waste,quantity of the leachate,quality of the leachate,etc.,during 344 days were analyzed.The results show that the diameter had an obvious influence on the operational characteristics.With the increase of the diameter,the quantity of leachate decreased,the pH of leachate rose quickly,and the leachate quality indexes such as the chemical oxygen demand,NH3-N concentration,and total nitrogen concentration improved rapidly.Under this experimental condition,the organic in the waste could be degraded completely when the diameter ratio of leachate pipeline to waste heap was no less than 1∶32.On the other hand,when the diameter ratio reached 1∶16,the organic could be degraded completely,and the nitrogen compounds could be reduced efficiently.
Bioreactor landfill
Ammoniacal nitrogen
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Due to the financial and environmental incentives offered by leachate recirculation, leachate recirculation is a widely used leachate management option for municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills. However, more commonly, leachate collection systems (LCSs) of landfills are designed primarily for leachate impingement from infiltration of precipitation. Hence, when leachate is recirculated in landfills, many LCSs do not have the hydraulic capacity to drain the recirculated leachate and maintain the leachate head on the liner below the federal regulatory requirement equal to 0.3 m. Leachate head build up data for injected liquids in MSW landfills is virtually non-existent. In this study, we have numerically simulated leachate injection using two most commonly used methods: (1) horizontal trenches; and (2) vertical wells. We used the saturated/unsaturated flow model HYDRUS-2D. The simulations were conducted for a range of hydraulic conductivities of waste and the LCS drainage material and liquid injection rates. We have presented the results in such a way that designers can select appropriate design parameters to minimize excess liquid heads on liners. The simulated results indicate that pea gravel or materials having hydraulic conductivity greater than 1 cm/s offer a better choice for LCS drainage material. Use of material having hydraulic conductivity less than 0.01 cm/s (e.g., sand) resulted in liquid head greater than 0.3 m for typical leachate injection rates used in landfills.
Bioreactor landfill
Infiltration (HVAC)
Hydraulic head
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Phthalic acid
Degradation
Polyvinyl Alcohol
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To aim at guiding and controlling landfill leachate treatment system in Guangxi in designing,operating and managing,the chracteristics of landfill leachate and its variations were studied through landfill simulation experiment.The temperature,deposit height of municipal solid waste and water quality of landfill leachate were monitored.The experiment results showed that most of water quality parameters of landfill leachate reached their maximum within 60 d of which CODCr was 22 072 mg/L,BOD5 was 11 065 mg/L,NH3-N was 615 mg/L.The biodegradability of landfill leachate at a later stage of experiment was weakened in which the ratio of BOD5/CODCr was 0.1~0.2 and ratio of C/N was less than 1.Due to the poor biodegradability of landfill leachate,the leachate was difficult to be treated by biochemical treatment and could not reach national standards.The local higher temperatures and conception of rainfall can improve the degradation rate of solid waste and shorten the stabilization time of landfill.
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Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are often detected in groundwater.Degradation of PAEs in groundwaters is more difficult than in surface waters because of their lower temperatures.Degradation of three PAEs (di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and dimethyl phthalate (DMP)) were investigated in ZVI-persulfate system at 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, and 30°C.Degradation rates of these PAEs were much faster when persulfate was activated by ZVI in comparison with the persulfate activated by heat only.PAEs degradation slowed down as temperature decreased.Degradation of DEHP, DBP, and DMP at 15°C in 180 min was 32%, 47%, and 5%, respectively.PAEs with longer carbon chains degraded more than PAEs with shorter carbon chains at 25°C-30°C.Conversion of persulfate into sulfate, release of iron ions, and variation in pH values in the solutions were also investigated.Persulfate ions consumption and dissolution of iron ions increased as temperature increased.About 47-57 mg/L of sulfate ions formed from 60 mg/L of persulfate.pH values remained in the 3.5-4.range.Our work provides basic and guidance knowledge for in situ PAEs remediation from groundwaters.
Phthalic acid
Zerovalent iron
Degradation
Persulfate
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