Simultaneous enhancement of cellular and humoral immunity by the high salt formulation of Al(OH)3 adjuvant
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Simultaneous enhancement of cellular and humoral immunity by the high salt formulation of Al(OH) 3 adjuvantKeywords:
Humoral immunity
Cellular immunity
Salt lake
Abstact:Aim To investigate the applications of humoral and cellular immunity in classification between qi deficiency and blood deficiency syndrome.Methods There 41 patients were selected as qi deficiency group,40 cases as blood deficiency syndrome group,50 healthy people,as control.Humoral immunity(IgG,IgA,IgM,C3,C4)and cellular immunity (CD3,CD4,CD8,CD4/CD8)were tested.Results In terms of humoral immunity,IgG,C4 of qi deficiency group werehigher than control group(P0.01 or P0.05) and the levels of IgG,IgM,C3,C4 of blood deficiency were higher than that of the control group(P0.01 or 0.05).However,in terms of cellular immunity,the levels of CD3,CD4,CD4/CD8 of both groups were lower than the control group(P0.01 or P0.05).Conclusion Humoral and cellular immunity index are helpful in classification of qi deficiency and blood deficiency syndrome.
Humoral immunity
Cellular immunity
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Adjuvant is one imqortant part of vaccine research.Selecting suitable adjuvant not only enhances the immune effect of vaccine but also elevates resistance of hosts.Different adjuvant can make different effect to humoral immunity.In this paper,vaccines were made using Newcastle disease virus(NDV) with white oil adjuvant,Freund's adjuvant and propolis adjuvants,respectively.Chicken were immunized to study the influence of different adjuvants to chicken humoral immunity.The results showed that experimental groups were not infected by NDV when the chicken were 61d.The effect of Freund's adjuvant was the best,then the propolis adjuvant,and the last was white oil adjuvant.
Humoral immunity
Propolis
Newcastle Disease
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Mice were immunized with the hepatitis B vaccine using interferon and Al(OH)_(3) complex adjuvant, and the humoral and cell immune responses of them were studied. Both humoral and cell immunity of the vaccine using complex adjuvant were significantly higher than that using Al(OH)_(3) adjuvant alone.
Humoral immunity
Cell mediated immunity
Hepatitis B vaccine
Cellular immunity
Vaccine adjuvant
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Animals at the cell-aggregate body organization: porifera -humoral immunity, cellular immunity, conclusions diblastic animals - humoral immunity, cellular immunity, conclusions protostomes - annelida - the evolutionary significance of metamery and the coelom, the cells, the origin, humoral immunity, cellular immunity, conclusions arthropoda chelicerata - the cells and structures engaged in the immune reactions, humoral immunity, cellular immunity crustacea - humoral immunity, cellular immunity insecta - blood cells, haemopoietic structures and their possible relevance to immunity, humoral immunity, cellular immunity mollusca - the haemopoietic tissues and organs, the gastropods, the bivalves, the cephalopods, humoral immunity, cellular immunity, conclusions deuterostomes - echinodermata -the echinoderm coelomic derivatives and their possible role in immunity, the immune significance of coelomic tubular and perivisceral systems, humoral immunity, cellular immunity, conclusions chordates - urochordata - the anatomical features of ascidians in regard to their possible immune significance, the immune significance of the pharyngeal region, other structures engaged in the immunity, humoral immunity, cellular immunity, conclusions vertebrates - agnatha - origin, the immunocompetent tissues and organs, humoral immunity, cellular immunity chondrichthyes - origins, the immunocompetent tissues and organs of chondrichthyans, development of lymphohaemopoiesis in elasmobranchs, humoral immunity, cellular immunity, conclusions osteichthyes - origins, the immunocompetent tissues and organs of osteichthyans, cells, MHC antigens, nonspecific humoral immunity, nonspecific cellular immunity, cellular cooperation, conclusions general conclusions.
Humoral immunity
Cellular immunity
Coelom
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Humoral immunity
Muramyl dipeptide
Cell mediated immunity
Cellular immunity
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The values of cellular and humoral immunity were studied in 53 patients with postoperative peritonitis during open treatment and after closure of the abdominal cavity. Analysis of the results showed that postoperative peritonitis is attended by marked depression of cellular and humoral immunity, and by suppression of functional activity of mononuclear phagocytes. When the open method is applied in conjunction with specific combined and nonspecific immunotherapy restoration of cellular immunity begins on the 5th-7th day after relaparotomy and restoration of humoral immunity on the 3rd-4th day. In successful treatment the immune status is normalized on the 8th-10th day. In unfavourable outcomes depression of cellular and humoral immunity increases continuously and death occurs.
Humoral immunity
Cellular immunity
Immune status
Abdominal cavity
Depression
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The values of cellular and humoral immunity were studied in 53 patients with postoperative peritonitis during open treatment and after closure of the abdominal cavity. Analysis of the results showed that postoperative peritonitis is attended by marked depression of cellular and humoral immunity, and by suppression of functional activity of mononuclear phagocytes. When the open method is applied in conjunction with specific combined and nonspecific immunotherapy restoration of cellular immunity begins on the 5th-7th day after relaparotomy and restoration of humoral immunity on the 3rd-4th day. In successful treatment the immune status is normalized on the 8th-10th day. In unfavourable outcomes depression of cellular and humoral immunity increases continuously and death occurs.
Humoral immunity
Cellular immunity
Abdominal cavity
Immune status
Depression
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Objective To explore the relationship between cellular/humoral immunity and the clinical manifestation of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)children of mild,severe and critical cases.To explore the relationship between cellular/humoral immunity and the prognosis of HFMD children of mild,severe and critical cases.Methods One hundred and forty-four cases of HFMD children were divided into 2 groups(mild group and severe group).Cellular and humoral immunity were assessed at 2 hours after admission to hospital.Ten cases of selective operation were selected as matched control group.Humoral immunity(serum IgA,IgG,IgM)and cellular immunity(subgroup of T cell)were compared between HFMD group and control group.Results The humoral immunity was abnormal in the mild HFMD group and the severe HFMD group.The difference of humoral immunity between HFMD group and control group was significant(P 0.05).The cellular immunity was abnormal in the mild group and the severe group.Conclusions Cellular and humoral immunity are affected in HFMD children of mild,severe and critical cases.The results are worthy to help us diagnose and intervene the severe and critical HFMD cases as soon as possible.
Humoral immunity
Cellular immunity
Cell mediated immunity
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The paper reports a study of some local immunity factors in pneumonia aimed at specification of mechanisms inducing respiratory immunodeficiency and their effects on the disease course. Local cellular immunity of the lungs was studied by estimation of the total number of cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage, their viability, alveolar macrophages (AM), neutrophils, T- and B-lymphocytes, AM and neutrophil phagocytic index and number, receptor apparatus. The lavage IgA, IgM, IgG, lysozyme were estimated. It was found that local cellular and humoral immunity depend on clinicoetiological form of pneumonia. Cellular and humoral immunodeficiency was the greatest in staphylococcal infection. The role of cellular and humoral immunity dysfunction in the lungs in genesis of bronchoobstructive syndrome is specified. Recovery of cellular and humoral immunity in pneumonia reconvalescents is behind clinical recovery. Grave immunodeficiency in severe or lingering pneumonia may be a pathogenetic factor of chronic inflammation in the lungs. To evaluate functional condition of local immunity of the lungs it is valid to study cellular and humoral factors of local pulmonary immunity in bronchoalveolar lavage.
Humoral immunity
Cellular immunity
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Objective: The excreted-secreted antigens (ESA) from the tachyzoites seem to play a key role in immunity against Toxoplasma gondii.The aim of this study is to investigate whether Alum-NLT mixture, as a new adjuvant, can induce humoral immunity in response to excretedsecreted antigens (ESA) of Toxoplasma gondii as a model vaccine or not.Methods: Six-to eight-week-old female Balb/c mice were divided into five groups.Mice in the experimental groups received either ESA vaccine alone or in combination with the adjuvant Alum, NLT or Alum-NLT mixture; Mice in the negative control group received phosphate buffered saline (PBS).All mice were immunised, three times subcutaneously (s.c.) with a total volume of 150µl each with a 10-day interval.Ten days after the final immunisation, immune response to Toxoplasma gondii was assessed.Results: Our results revealed that Alum-NLT mixture as an adjuvant during vaccination boosts the efficacy of the ESA vaccine by means of increasing Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgG, IgG2a production and the ratio of IgG2a/IgG1 (P-value < 0.05).The use of this adjuvant mixture improved the protective immunity against Toxoplasma gondii.Conclusion: Administration of the Alum-NLT mixture as an adjuvant in ESA vaccine enhances humoral immunity.
Alum
Humoral immunity
Toxoplasmosis
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