Effects of Sowing Time on the Growth and Yield of Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) in Jeonbuk Area
Kyu-Hwan ChoiYoung-Jin YuSang-Young SeoChan-Ho KangKi-Kwon LeeYoung‐Ju SongChung-Kon KimSeung‐Yeop LeeKi-Youl Jung
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Panicum miliaceum
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This paper offers a review of agricultural and nutritional importance of common millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) cultivation in Slovenia and effect of sowing time and sowing density on grain yield and on certain economically important characteristics of the indigenous Slovene cultivar ‘Soncek’. During the years 2009 and 2010 two block field trials were conducted on the experimental field at the Biotechnical Faculty of Ljubljana University testing three sowing densities (250, 370 and 500 germinative seeds m -2 ) in three sowing terms (beginning of June - T 1 : 3 rd June and 4 th June, beginning of July – T 2 : 1 st July and 5 th July and mid-July – T 3 : 17 th July and 20 th July). In 2009 the significantly highest value of grain yield (2,855.3 kg ha -1 ) was established for the crop of the third sowing term T 3 that was 33.8% higher compared to the yield from T 1 sowing term and 23.3% higher than the yield recorded for the T 2 sowing term, respectively. Significantly the highest crop (2,608.9 kg ha -1 ) was recorded for the highest sowing density (500 germinative seeds m -2 ). In 2010 extremely unfavourable weather conditions caused much lower yields in all three sowing terms. For the T 1 and T 2 sowing terms we recorded approximately 1,000 kg of grain ha -1 , in spite of having significantly the highest number of plants m -2 at the time of emergence, the yield obtained in the T 3 sowing term was below average due to the floods that affected major part of Slovenia on the 18 th of September 2010, including the experimental field with the trial. In 2010 we could establish an interaction between the term of sowing and the sowing density. The significantly highest value of grain yield was recorded for the highest sowing density of the second term (T 2 D 500 = 1,322 kg ha -1 ). We believe that information on certain agro technical characteristics of millet would contribute to re-introduction of millet cultivation in Slovenia and in other central European countries with similar growing conditions in Slovenia.
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This research aims to identify the appropriate sowing date for better yield of chickpea, The experiment was conducted during 2018-2019, involving three different sowing dates (24 Oct, 13 Nov and 3 Dec.) along with three different chickpea varieties, In this research yield and base characteristics were analysed. The study focused on yield elements, such as grain yield and biological yield, Date 24 Oct gave the highest yield (1631 kg ha-1) with different sowing varieties. On the other hand, the date 3 Dec had the lowest yield (1220 kg ha-1) with different Sowing varieties. The results showed that the sowing date influence significantly the growth and yield of chickpea.
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Texas panicum ( Panicum texanum Buckl. # PANTE) is a native of the Southwest, now increasing as a weed throughout the southern United States, whereas wild proso millet ( Panicum miliaceum L. # PANMI) is an introduced weed currently increasing in importance in the northern Midwest. In controlled-environment chambers, both species produced more tillers, greater leaf area, and more total dry weight at 30/24 C day/night (simulated growing season temperature in Georgia) than at 24/18 C (simulated growing season temperature in Minnesota). Texas panicum accumulated more dry matter at 30/24 C than did wild proso millet, while wild proso millet accumulated more dry matter at 24/18 C than did Texas panicum. When the two species were grown together, Texas panicum was the superior competitor at 30/24 C while wild proso millet was superior at 24/18 C. Exposure to short photoperiods at an intermediate temperature of 27/21 C accelerated flowering and limited vegetative growth in both species. In the range of photoperiods (10 to 16 h) examined, wild proso millet always flowered earlier and, consequently, produced less vegetative growth than Texas panicum. Its responses to temperature and photoperiod indicate that wild proso millet probably would be competitively inferior to Texas panicum and other adapted grass weeds in the southern United States.
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The kind of rice Wanxian 98 was investigated from yield of different sowing dates, nitrogen levels, planting density and planting seedlings per hole. The results indicated that delayed sowing would lead to slightly undulated yield firstly, and then began to decrease and the difference was significant. The effects of nitrogen application amount on yield was reduced after the first rise. Too low or too high planting density is not conducive to the improvement of the yield of Wanxian 98. The planting density of 16.5 cm×20.0 cm had the highest yield, and the yield up to 8506.5 kg / hm2. Per hole planting four, six or eight basic seedlings, higher yields can be obtained and the actual yield was 8 496.0 、8 569.5、8 470.5 kg / hm2 respectively.
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The aim of the research is to define optimal sowing parameters that ensure the highest yielding capacity and high quality of the proso millet seeds (Panicum miliaceum L.). To achieve a stated goal we established and analyzed multiple-factor interrelations of the formation of highly productive seed sowing of the proso millet by improving sowing methods and sowing rates as well as conditions improving sowing qualities and yielding capacity of seeds with the application of correlation pleiades. We founded that deviation from the recommended sowing rates in production results in the decline of yielding capacity level. We also suggested that the deficit of seed material caused the highest shortfalls in seed yields compared to its over-expenditure; moreover, the seed planted with wide row spacing had the best yielding capacity, while sowing with row spacing of 15 cm and sowing rate at 3.5 million seeds/ha provided the its highest yielding capacity.
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The relationship among planting density,maize yield and yield components of Luoyu No.8 was studied.The results revealed that planting density has greatest influence on plant height,then significant influence on 1000-grains weight and grain number per row,but non-significantly influence on ear length and ear row number.Planting density is the key factor to influence yield of maize,which means the best planting density of Luoyu No.8 in Yuxi district and other similar areas is not over 78 755 shoots/hm2.
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Clomazone is used in the Central Great Plains for weed control during fallow in a winter wheat-fallow rotation. Improved precipitation storage during non-crop periods has stimulated new crop rotations such as winter wheat-corn or proso millet-fallow. The objective of this study was to determine if clomazone applied in the fall after winter wheat harvest would injure succeeding spring-planted crops. Greenhouse studies indicated crop tolerance to clomazone was in the order of safflower > corn > proso millet > barley > winter wheat. Clomazone did not affect grain yields of safflower, corn, or proso millet grown at two field sites with different soil textures (silt loam and sandy loam), nor germination of seed from treated plants of these crops. A no-till production system with clomazone increased grain yields for all crops compared to the conventional system where tillage replaced clomazone for fallow weed control.
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