New Alcohol and Onyx Mixture for Embolization: Feasibility and Proof of Concept in Both In Vitro and In Vivo Models
M. Saeed KilaniFatemeh ZehtabiSophie LerougeGilles SoulezJean Michel BartoliVincent VidalMohammad Badran
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Radiodensity
Penetration (warfare)
The therapeutic effects of curcumin and/or dimethyl dimethoxy biphenyl dicarboxylate on rats drinking alcohol were evaluated in the present study. Albino Wister rats drinking 20% ethanol in drinking water were treated with curcumin (100 mg/kg body weight) and /or DDB (50 mg/ kg body weight) mixed in diet for 8 weeks. ALT and AST enzymes were significantly reduced in rat drinking alcohol and treated with DDB or Diferuloylmethane compared with rats drinking alcohol (p<0.05). On the other hand, in case of mixed treatment with curcumin and DDB, AST enzyme was elevated significantly compared with rat drinking alcohol(P<0.05). GGT enzyme was reduced after treatment of alcohol drinking rats with curcumin or DDB in comparing with alcohol drinking rats. MDA concentration in liver homogenate significantly reduced in rats drinking alcohol and treated with DDB compared with rats drinking alcohol (p<0.05). However, serum MDA showed a significant reduction in rats drinking alcohol and treated with curcumin compared with rats drinking alcohol (P<0.05). Histopathological studies revealed liver tissue damage after alcohol administration, however an improvement in liver tissue after treatment with curcumin and DDB. In conclusion, curcumin and DDB can influence and improve the impaired antioxidant defense mechanisms resulted from ethanol and combined treatment with curcumin and DDB has no effects.
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A new method for the evaluation of ethanol-producing capability of microzyme had been developed.In the experiments,while microzyme cells were cultured in cell culture mediums under aerobic conditions,ethanol-producing microzyme strains YE-1,YE-2 and YE-3 were cultured for alcohol fermentation in liquid culture mediums under anaerobic conditions.The amount of glucose consumption in alcohol fermentation liquid mediums was detected by spectrophotometric assay.Then alcohol concentration was calculated according to the amount of glucose consumption for alcohol fermentation.The alcohol concentration in these three alcohol fermentation alcohol mediums were 4.03 mg/mL,3.50 mg/mL and 3.77 mg/mL respectively,and then ethanol-producing capability of each strain was revealed.
Ethanol Fermentation
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Since allyl alcohol and ethanol are both metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) , ethanol could affect allyl-alcohol induced toxicity under in vivo coexposure conditions. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with ethanol (2 g/kg, ip) simultaneously or 2 h before with allyl alcohol (40 mg/kg, ip) . Coexposure to allyl alcohol and ethanol resulted in neither enhancement nor protection in allyl alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity at 24 h. However, markedly increased lethality was observed under our coexposure conditions. Pretreatment with 4-methylpyrazole (4- MP) to inhibit ADH did not result in increased lethality to allyl alcohol or ethanol alone, but significantly reduced the lethality of the combined treatment. In contrast, ALDH inhibition increased the lethality of allyl alcohol alone as well as that of the combined allyl alcohol and ethanol treatment. Kinetic studies revealed that combined treatment with allyl alcohol and ethanol resulted in higher blood allyl alcohol levels compared to allyl alcohol alone, and these were accompanied by greater lethality. ADH inhibition increased allyl alcohol blood levels significantly when rats were treated with allyl alcohol alone or allyl alcohol plus ethanol, leading to protection against lethality. In contrast, ALDH inhibition did not affect blood allyl alcohol levels, but resulted in increased lethality. These data suggest a possible role for a metabolite of allyl alcohol, acrolein, in the increased lethality of allyl alcohol and ethanol coexposure in rats.
Allyl alcohol
Acrolein
Lethality
Ethanol metabolism
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Abstract Previous studies indicate that in rats, chronic alcohol exposure during the first weeks of life markedly affect subsequent ethanol consumption patterns. The present study examined the impact of different alcohol doses (0.5–3.0 g/kg), administered between postnatal days 6–12, upon subsequent infantile consumption of an ethanol solution as well as upon intake of various non‐ethanol solutions (water, sucrose, quinine or sucrose mixed with quinine). Alcohol administration did not strongly affect consumption scores of water, sucrose or quinine. In contrast, 15‐day‐old pups pretreated with 2.0 and 3.0 g/kg alcohol doses showed significant increases in terms of alcohol consumption when compared to saline controls. Furthermore, a positive significant correlation was observed between alcohol intake patterns and alcohol dose administered during early ontogeny. Intake of sucrose mixed with quinine was also significantly and positively correlated with pretreatment ethanol dosage. Interestingly, this taste configuration has been shown to mimic psychophysical properties of ethanol in the rat. The results appear not to be explained by teratological effects of the drug upon sensory processing of distinctive tastants. It appears that chronic alcohol exposure during early ontogeny provides specific sensoryrelated alcohol information that later modulates alcohol intake patterns.
Quinine
Self-administration
Liquid diet
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With acid, alcohol tail was added into 0.26 g / L ethanol solution of ethyl caproate(15%), the alcohol was stored at 22℃ for 75 days, then test periodically(0days/15days/45days/75days) assay solution changes in ethyl acetate content. The results showed that acid and alcohol tail can make low concentration of ethanol solution of ethyl caproate content increased. Compared with wine tail, acid effects on low concentration of ethanol in ethyl acetate content more useful. Enhance the acidic environment during the storage period, will definately bring the effect that content under conditions of low concentrations of ethanol, ethyl caproate get increased.
Ethanol content
Alcohol content
Ethyl ester
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Previous findings of strain differences in alcohol-drinking behavior of mice, and a positive relation between the activity of liver alcohol dehydrogenase and the alcohol-drinking behavior of mice, suggested the hypothesis that alcohol- choosing behavior may be a function of the ability to metabolize alcohol. Rates of ethanol-1-14C conversion to 14CO2 were determined in male mice (60 to 87 days old), of strains C57BL/Crgl (N=10), C57BL/6J (N=24), DBA/2Crgl (N=10) and DBA/2J (N=24). Mice of each strain were injected with varying amounts (1.106, 2.212, 0.292, 0.592 and 1.185 g per kg of mouse) of ethanol-1-14C and the maximum rate of ethanol metabolism over a 30-minute period was determined. In 4 of the 5 experiments, C57BL mice metabolized alcohol at a significantly faster rate than DBA/2 mice (p<.01). The rate was about 10% higher in the C57BL mice. To test the hypothesis that prolonged consumption of alcohol will increase the rate of alcohol metabolism, the rate of conversion of ethanol-1-14C to 14CO2 was determined in C57BL mice which had previously been maintained with 10% alcohol as sole drinking fluid for about 90 days. Results of 2 separate experiments, in which all mice (150 days old) were injected with 0.553 g of ethanol-1-14C per kg of mouse, showed that mice which had ingested the substrate subsequently metabolized alcohol at a significantly faster rate than their water-fed controls (p<.01). The average maximum rates of ethanol oxidation over a 30-min period by the experimental and control mice were 0.153 (N=10) and 0.133 (N=10) µmole per min per g, respectively, in one experiment; and 0.185 (N=6) and 0.171 (N=6) µmole per min per gin the other.
Ethanol metabolism
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Ethanol metabolism
Liquid diet
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Ethanol metabolism
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Ethyl Chloride
Ethyl ester
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In equimolar amounts ethanol and trichloroethylene were administered intraperitoneally to male ICR mice in varying sequences. The sequence of administration proved to be decisive for the blood alcohol levels. In relation to ethanol alone following the simultaneous administration of trichloroethylene and ethanol the blood alcohol levels were elevated. This effect is furthermore enhanced if trichloroethylene was administered 1 h prior to ethanol administration. The reversed sequence had no effect on blood alcohol levels.
Sequence (biology)
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