Phytochemical profile and some biological activities of three Centaurea species from Turkey
Mehmet BoğaHüseyin AlkanAbdülselam ErtaşElif Varhan OralMustafa Abdullah YılmazYeter YeşılAhmet C. GörenHamdi TemelUfuk Kolak
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Purpose: To characterise the phytochemical profile of whole plants of Centaurea balsamita, C. depressa and C. lycopifolia with LC-ESI-MS/MS, and as well as their antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antimicrobial activities.Methods: Organic and aqueous extracts of the three Centaurea species were evaluated for DPPH free radical, ABTS cation radical scavenging and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC). Acetyland butyryl-cholinesterase enzyme inhibition abilities of the extracts using petroleum ether, acetone, methanol and water were studied to determine anticholinesterase activity, while antimicrobial activity was determined by disc diffusion method using appropriate antimicrobial standards and organisms. The phytochemical components of the methanol extracts were assessed by LC-MS/MS.Results: The methanol extract of C. balsamita exhibited much higher DPPH free and ABTS cation radicals scavenging activities (with IC50 of 62.65 ± 0.97 and 24.21 ± 0.70 mg/ml, respectively) than the other extracts. The petroleum ether extracts of the plant species exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against butyrylcholinesterase enzymes while the acetone extract of C. balsamita showed good antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Quinic acid (17513 ± 813 μg/g, 63874 ± 3066 μg/g and 108234 ± 5195 μg/g) was the major compound found in the methanol extracts of C. balsamita, C. depressa and C. Lycopifolia, respectively.Conclusion: These results indicate quinic acid is the major compound in the three plant species and that Centaurea balsamita has significant antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antimicrobial properties. Further studies to identify the compounds in the extracts responsible for the activities are required.Keywords: Centaurea, LC-ESI-MS/MS, Anticholinesterase, Antioxidant, AntimicrobialKeywords:
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In this paper, four endemic Centaurea species were investigated in terms of their chromosome numbers and karyomorphology. The chromosomal counts confirmed the results of previous reports, that the genus Centaurea has different basic chromosome numbers. Centaurea yaltirikii and Centaurea demirizii are diploid taxa. Centaurea yaltirikii has 2n = 18 chromosomes, and therefore has a basic chromosome number of nine, which is common in the genus Centaurea. A local endemic species, Centaurea demirizii has 2n = 16 chromosomes and a different basic chromosome number of x = 8, and this basic number is relatively rare for Centaurea. Centaurea leptophylla and Centaurea saligna are tetraploid with 2n = 36 chromosomes. We found predominance of chromosomes being metacentric and submetacentric. The results increase our karyological knowledge of these species. Moreover, this paper gives short taxonomic and morphologic notes to complement the information provided by Flora of Turkey with regards to the studied species.
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The volatile constituents of the aerial parts of Centaurea amanicola Hub.-Mor., Centaurea consanguinea DC. and Centaurea ptosimopappa Hayek were extracted by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC and GC-MS. Altogether 94 components were identified. Sesquiterpenoids, fatty acids and carbonylic compounds were the most abundant components in the oils. Hexadecanoic acid and (Z,Z )-9,12-octadecadienoic acid were the main fatty acids in all the examined samples, that showed different patterns of composition. The study on the biological activity of the oils showed an action mainly against the Gram-positive pathogens.
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This study aims to obtain data on the phytochemical content of the methanol extract of Baringtonia asiatica. Obtain data on the phytochemical content of the B. asiatica clorform extract. This research was carried out in the Biology laboratory and Chemistry Laboratory, State University of Manado. The study consisted of extraction and phytochemical analysis using the Harborne method, the results showed that from the extraction process the highest yield was obtained in extracts with n-hexane solvent, then chloroform and methanol. The results of phytochemical analysis show that saponins are the phytochemical group with the strongest intensity found compared to other phytochemical groups. Furthermore, flavonoids were found in high intensity also in the analyzed samples.
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Two little known species of Centaurea sect. Acrocentron from Algeria and Morocco have been studied. A phenetic analysis of two populations of these taxa, combined with other two species of the same section from South Spain, shows that the two North African taxa are actually a single species. A description and illustration of the species are included. A hybrid origin for three varieties in the same group described by Maire is suggested, and included in a new hybrid entity: Centaurea x renati Garcia-jacas & Susanna, nom. & stat. nov.
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Oreizi, E., K. Negaresh & M.R. Rahiminejad (2017). A new name in Centaurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from Turkey. Candollea 72 : 319–322. In English, English abstract.Centaurea zaferii Negaresh is proposed as a new name for Centaurea foliosa Boiss. & Kotschy published by Boissier in 1875, a later homonym of Centaurea foliosa Gand. published by Gandoger in 1873. The description of Centaurea zaferii is amended with characters of mature flowers and achenes. Centaurea zaferii is morphologically similar to Centaurea charrelii Halácsy & Dörfler and a discussion of their diagnostic characters is presented. In addition, the geographical distribution and habitat of Centaurea zaferii are presented.Received: January 12, 2017; Accepted: June 30, 2017; First published online: July 20, 2017
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The large genus Centaurea (Asteracea-Carduae) comprises about 500 species, which are predominately distributed around the Mediteranean area and in W. Asia [1]. There are 180 Centaurea species, 109 of them being endemic and distributed almost all over the Anatolian peninsula as aggressively invading weeds [2,3]. Centaurea species have been used for their antidandruff, antidiarrhoic, antirhevmatic, antiinflammatory, antibacterial properties in folk medicine [4]. Chemical investigations of various Centaurea species have revealed mainly sesquiterpene lactones, flavanoids, alkaloids and lignans [5,6].
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