Evaluation of thermal performance of heat exchanger unit for parabolic solar cooker for off-place cooking
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In this paper, it presents a detailed analysis of the use of the parabolic solar cooker in cooking and boiling water. Three models of parabolic solar cookers were manufactured with aperture diameter (96 cm, 120 cm, and 140 cm) made using satellite dishes of the same diameters and using glossy aluminum foil as a reflector sun ray after being cut into strips 10 cm wide and glued to the inner surface of the dish. A metal tin can (3L) was used as an absorbent receiver instead of a cooking pot. Experiments were conducted to boil water from the roof of the house in Nasiriyah City located in southern Iraq. Through this study, the optical efficiency of the three types of parabolic solar cookers with diameters (96,120, and 140 cm) was calculated, as they were (69,66%), (66.5, 66.35%), and (67.4,66.7%) respectively. The amount of heat gained for the three cookers, respectively (670.665, 556.394W), (1142.6, 1074.83 Watt), and (1535.38, 1460 Watt). The heat loss from the receiver, respectively (68.6, 70.53 W), (118.16, 140.385 W), and (112.69, 96.576 W). The collector efficiency of the three cookers (58.77, 53.32%), (56.16, 53.3%), and (60, 60%), and the cooking power of these cookers (475,875, 264.375 W), (413.8, 434.13 W). ), (740.25, 691.44 W). Many tests were conducted on the specified location at the weather in Iraq during the winter season. The results of the experiments showed that the parameters of the solar cooker mentioned above mainly depend on the diameter of the concentrator dish, the quality of the reflector used, the cooking time, and the closing to midday. While the high ambient air speed leads to a decrease in the pot temperature by increasing the heat loses to the surrounding air through convection, thus greatly affected the solar cooker parameters, especially the collector efficiency and cooking power, as well as the accuracy of directing the dish towards the sun, and determining the focus accurately affected on the parameters of the solar cooker too
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The paper presents the experimental performance evaluation of a novel retrofit heat exchanger (‘SolaPlug’) developed for solar hot water storage applications. The performance of this system was compared with a traditional dual-coil (‘Coil’) solar cylinder under controlled operating conditions. The tests were conducted under different solar-simulated conditions with a 30 and 20 evacuated tube collector. The results showed that after a 6-h test period, the average water temperatures within the store for the ‘SolaPlug’ system were 58.8°C and 40.5°C at 860 and 459 W m−2, respectively, and for the ‘Coil’ system were 60.5°C and 40.6°C when a 30 tube collector was used. The performance of the ‘SolaPlug’ system was marginally better than the ‘Coil’ system under the low solar input condition. Under high insolation condition, the overall ‘SolaPlug’ system efficiency was found to be 4.3% lower than that of the ‘Coil’ system. The ‘SolaPlug’ heat exchanger rating was 222 W K−1.
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A solar cooker based on evacuated tube collector with phase change thermal storage unit is investigated. The water is used as a working fluid, and it is filled in the evacuated tubes. The energy stored by the acetanilide (PCM) during the daytime can be transferred to the cooking vessel entirely throughout the day up till the late evening time. Daytime and evening cooking processes are carried out separately at different loads. To enhance the performance of the solar cooker, the reflector is used beneath the evacuated tube collector. It is observed that in case of the high load, the solar cooker gives better performance with reflector as compared to without reflector. The maximum increase in the temperature of the working fluid, PCM and cooking vessel with reflector is 18.3%, 20.4% and 20.8% respectively. Also, the cooking time is reduced to 30 minutes with the reflector. It is found that evening cooking using PCM heat storage unit is faster than daytime cooking at low load.
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In this work, four different arrangements of solar cooker box-type with internal reflectors results, for irreversibility and second law efficiency are presented. The solar cooker has two glasses in its cover to diminish the losses of heat radiation and convection, which in turn creates the hot house effect inside the cooker. The interior of the cooker has flat mirrors placed at different angles to reflect the solar radiation toward recipient with water. The obtained results are based on the heated water temperatures. These are obtained by means of numerical simulation, which in turn allows the comparison under identical conditions for the cookers. The results reveal that the energy reaching the cookers, less than 5%, is used in the water heating process. Most of the available energy is “stored” into the cooker glass cover, which shows the need for further work on improving cover materials in order to diminish such a situation.
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The efficiency of a finned coil type heat exchanger mounted in the solar collector air outlet duct of a space heating system for providing hot water in the spring, fall and summer months was determined with a series of equations and graphically represented. The equations were used to determine the effect of coil fin surface area on the hybrid system efficiency. From an equation calculating the air to water heat transfer rate, the heat balance for the air to water heat exchangers can be determined. Other thermal performance parameters were calculated prior to the development of a graphical solution to the evaluation. The graph can be applied to economic tradeoff studies for determining the optimum heat exchanger area relative to that of the collector. An experimental solar air heater test facility indicated the limitations of an air to water hybrid solar heating system.
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A solar cooker based on a parabolic trough collector with thermal energy storage (TES) was investigated. In this experimental set-up, solar radiations were focused on the absorber tube and the collected heat was transferred to the solar cooker by natural circulation (thermosiphon) of the working fluid. The water and thermal oil (engine oil) were used separately as working fluids. Acetanilide was used as the TES material in the solar cooker. In day time, the phase change material (PCM) stored heat as well as transferred it to the cooking pot. In evening time, the stored energy by PCM was used to cook the food. The cooking process was carried out with different foods and with variation in the quantity of food. It was found that the temperature of thermal oil was 10–24°C higher than water as the working fluid. The system was able to cook the food twice a day and the rate of evening cooking was higher as compared with noon cooking. Using thermal oil as the working fluid, the quantity of heat stored by PCM was increased by an amount of 19.45–30.38% as compared with water.
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Thermosiphon
Noon
Cooker
Solar dryer
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Present work investigates a noble approach toward the heat loss analysis of parabolic dish type solar cooker. Various experiments have been done on cooking pot to get the input parameter for calculation purposes. Cooking pot was kept at the focus of a parabolic dish type concentrator and repeated experiments have been done to measure solar radiation intensity (direct and Indirect) using a pyrometer, temperature at the focus of parabolic dish using a thermocouple and air velocity using hot wire anemometer to investigate the heat losses from the cooking pot. In the present article, a numerical approach has been performed to define the new parameter called performance index of the cooking pot which decides how the useful energy of working fluid inside the cooking pot approaches concentration ratio of the parabolic dish type solar cooker. The present analysis shows that the performance index varies from 15.45 to 17.66 and efficiency varies from 85.83% to 98.10% with the time of the day.
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Parabolic reflector
Concentrator
Pyrometer
Thermocouple
Parabolic trough
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The development of solar concentrator technology has just reached a very significant level. Using reflectors to concentrate the sun's rays on the absorber dramatically reduces the size of the absorber, reducing heat loss and increasing its efficiency at high temperatures. Another advantage of this system is that the reflectors are significantly less expensive, per unit area, than the flat collectors. To determine the performances of a cylindrical-parabolic concentrator, mathematical modeling of the heat balance on the absorber, the coolant, and the glass envelope was established using Matlab. The system of equations obtained is solved by the finite difference method. The results for a typical day are the variation in the temperature of the heat transfer fluid, the absorber tube, and the glass envelope. Thus, we examine the effect of the wind speed, flow rate on the temperature distribution of the coolant at the outlet. However, for a mass flow rate of the fluid of 0.1 kg / s, the outlet temperature of the fluid is 85 ° C with a thermal efficiency of 73%. Excluding the energy absorbed by the absorber tube is 75% of the solar intensity received on the reflector.
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Trough (economics)
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