Electrochemical Analysis and Quantum Chemistry of Castor Oil-Based Corrosion Inhibitors
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Background: Corrosion in industrial structures has generated much concern with regard to material loss, especially in the oil production. Organicmolecules can act as inhibitors because they can be adsorbed at the metal-solution interface, replacing the water molecules and thereby inhibiting the metal dissolution. In general the imidazoline derivatives have unique structure that make them efficient corrosion inhibitors in CO2 environments. Castor oil is the only unsaturated fatty acid occurring in natural vegetable oils with a functional hydroxyl group in the 12C. The presence of OH groups in the fatty acid chains makes the oil unusually polar. Therefore, based on its molecular structure, castor oil or its derivatives can be used as an effective corrosion inhibitor. Methods: Inhibitor used was a hydroxyethyl-imidazoline derivate based on castor oil. Concentrations of inhibitor used were 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 ppm. Corrosivesolutionusedwasa CO2 saturated mixture (90:10, of 3% NaCl solution and diesel) at 50°C. Corrosion tests were carried out by real-time monitoring and EIS measurements. Results: Real-time monitoring showed that the castor oil-based imidazoline has an inhibition efficiency greater than 99%. From EIS measurementstwodifferentbehaviors were obtained. Evolution of the EIS spectra was similar for additions of 5, 10 and 25 ppm, and for 50 and 100 ppm it was different. For 5, 10 and 25 ppm the evolution of the spectrum in the high frequency region was the characteristic fingerprint of the self-assembled of the oil-based imidazolines. However, for 50 and 100 ppm after 9 hours, the time constant decreased as time passed. This behavior could be due to the presence of the functional groups in the oily-tail which tend to interact with the metallic surface forming a denser inhibitor film. The molecular reactivity (HOMO and LUMO) of the optimized molecule of inhibitor showed that LUMO is moved to unusual location the middle of the molecule due to the presence of double bond in 39C-41C and the hydroxyl group in 45C. Conclusion: Real-time corrosion measurements showed that the inhibition efficiency was greater than 99%. From EIS measurements two different behaviors are observed. Presence of the functional groups in the alkyl chain tend to interact with the metal surface. Quantum chemical calculations showed that LUMO is located in the alkyl chain, favoring a flat-adsorption process. Keywords: Castor oil, green inhibitor, imidazoline, electrochemical sweet corrosion.Keywords:
Corrosion inhibitor
Imidazoline receptor
Corrosion-resistant oil is the protecting shield of the metal,and the corrosion inhibitor used in antirust oil of the metal is the core substance to regulate the anticorrosive film of the metal.The anticorrosion mechanism,typical features and the application research status of the corrosion inhibitor used in corrosion-resistant oil of the metal were summarized.The anticorrosion mechanism of oil-soluble corrosion inhibitor in the oil matrix was expounded.Combined with the commercial production situation of oil-soluble corrosion inhibitor in China,the anticorrosion mechanism of oil-soluble corrosion inhibitors and the optimal combination of corrosion inhibitors were studied,which favored to the choice of oil-soluble corrosion inhibitors during commercial production.The research on environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors was also an important direction of corrosion inhibitor development.
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according to the occurrence of corrosion and scaling of pump rod and tubing in Cha 19 Block of Huabei Oilfield, the main influential factors of corrosion and scaling were analyzed. Several corrosion inhibitors were combined to improve the corrosion inhibiting effect. Based on the optimization of single corrosion inhibitor, two kinds of water solubility corrosion inhibitor, CY03 (polyether) and CY05 (imidazoline) were combined with 1:1 proportion. The corrosion inhibiting rate of combined corrosion inhibitor was 5% higher than that of single inhibitor under the same overall concentration. At the same time, the combined corrosion inhibitor has good compatibility with scale inhibitor such as HEDP, ATMP and PBTCA. The selected corrosion and scale inhibitor owns more than 75% corrosion inhibiting rate and 95% scale inhibiting rate. The total iron level of the water in oil wells decreased from 2.0 mg/L to 0.1～0.5 mg/L when this type of inhibitor was added in June,2005. The average pump inspecting period was prolonged from 140d to 300d, and good scale and corrosion inhibiting capability has been acquired.
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The main parameter of corrosion factor(Kp) that resulted in the corrosion of air coolers,was examined by preparing a simulated corrosive solution,and investgating experimentally the inhibition efficiency of organic corrosion inhibitor of benzotriazole(BTA) and its derivatives with the corrosion rate testing equipment of resistance probe.The results showed that there existed good synergistic effect between corrosion inhibitor of BTA and its derivatives,which reduced effectively the corrosion rate of metal surface.
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Corrosion inhibitor
Imidazoline receptor
Carbon steel
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On the basis of the original CZ3-1 and CZ3-3 composite corrosion inhibitors,the CZ3-1E gas liquid double effect corrosion inhibitor substitutor has been developed.The inhibitor not only has the advantages of high corrosion inhibitor efficiency and small consumption,but also overcomes such shortcomings as strange smell,inconvenient filling and high cost.Through the lab evaluation,it is shown that for the untreated CZ3-1E corrosion inhibitor,under the conditions of Moxi gas field's formation water (deoxibized),pH 2S=1.2 MPa,pCO 2=2.8 MPa,temperature =80±2℃,static behavior and test time=72 h,the gas phase corrosion rate is 0.049 5 mm/a and the corrosion inhibitor efficiency is 91.2%;the liquid phase corrosion rate is 0.064 3 mm/a and the corrosion inhibitor efficiency is 90.5%.The surface of the tested piece is smooth and there is no corroded vestige.The CZ3-1E corrosion inhibitor can meet the requirements of gas liquid two phase corrosion prevention.Through an overall comparison among the several corrosion inhibitors used in Moxi gas field,the performance of the new CZ3-1E corrosion inhibitor is good.
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Under current technical conditions, to add proper corrosion inhibitor is the most economical and effective protective measures to protect the down-hole oil and casing in sour gas wells. The selection of corrosion inhibitor should have its pertinence, which means different corrosion inhibitors would be chosen according to different corrosion factors to gas wells. In view of the tubing blocking caused by corrosion inhibitor appeared in the eastern Sichuan basin in recent years and its practical field solutions,combined with the analysis on the underground scale and inference to the stemming in the process of removing plugging, the paper summarized the main reasons that the corrosion inhibitor causes tubing blocking, which include the poor adaptability of corrosion inhibitor, the unreasonable adding system, the defect of corrosion inhibitor quality, as well as the wrapping and clip of corrosion product. It is proposed that a compatibility type experiment should be taken before putting corrosion inhibitor into wells and regular well cleanout should be implemented to the gas wells adding corrosion inhibitor. Meanwhile, strengthening the control of corrosion inhibitor quality, field and production management, are put forward to ensure that the corrosion can be delayed in the gas wells where suitable corrosion inhibitor is added and shaft blocking caused by corrosion inhibitor can be reduced as much as possible, which provide basis for production decisions.
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The present status of atmospheric corrosion study is reviewed in this article.The research methods on atmospheric corrosion are introduced.The properties of volatile corrosion inhibitor and their application technology are also discussed.Some development tendencies of volatile corrosion inhibitor are discussed.The development of low-toxicity and novel volatile corrosion inhibitor and study of the carrier of volatile corrosion inhibitor should be paid more attention to.
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Through the experiment,to choose the metal corrosion inhibitor of the methanol gasoline,and the corrosion mechanism is discussed. Through the single factor experiment,to select single corrosion inhibitor,and the single corrosion inhibitors were used to prepare the compound corrosion inhibitor. When test solution pH = 3,bath temperature T = 40℃,compound corrosion inhibitor content is 200 mg / L,the corrosion inhibitor has a very good effect on the metal specimens,industrial corrosion rate can reach 80%. The prepared metal corrosion inhibitor has a very good effect on the metal specimens.
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In view of the serious problem of corrosion caused by highly mineralized waste water in Dongxin Oilfield,a parent corrosion inhibitor was synthesized indoors.And a novel slow-released corrosion inhibitor GH-1 was developed by mixing the parent corrosion inhibitor with the expansion agent and adhesion agent.Its synthesis,preparative process,mechanisms of corrosion inhibitor and laboratory tests results were presented briefly.The experimental results show that the novel corrosion inhibitor releases composition slowly,the static corrosion inhibition rate and dynamic corrosion inhibition rate are both greater than 90%.The field tests show GH-1 can control average corrosion rate under 0.076 mm/a,its valid period is longer than 300 days.It has long valid period and excellent corrosion inhibition.And it is easy to work.
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