[Cancer of the pancreas and diabetes].
3
Citation
0
Reference
10
Related Paper
Cite
The pancreata of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were examined to determine whether the pancreatic tissue content of catecholamines is altered after the onset of diabetes. Experimental diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg body weight). Four weeks after the induction of diabetes, pancreatic tissue fragments were taken from the tail end of the pancreas and processed for catecholamine content using the high-performance liquid chromatography method. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the pancreata of diabetic rats contained more tyrosine hydroxylase–positive nerves compared with controls. Pancreatic noradrenaline content, expressed as the mean ± SD, was significantly (p < 0.03) greater in diabetic rats (54 ± 11.74 pg·mL−1 ·mg tissue−1) compared with normal, sex-and age-matched control rats (37.54 ± 1.18 pg·mL−1·mg tissue−1). Similarly, the adrenaline content in diabetic rat pancreatic tissue (102.69 ± 20.24 pg·mL−1·mg tissue−1) was markedly greater (p < 0.003) compared with sex-and age-matched controls (35 ± 9.23 pg·mL−1·mg tissue−1). In contrast, 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid decreased significantly (p < 0.0002) in diabetic pancreatic tissue (13.41 ± 0.87 pg·mL−1·mg tissue−1) compared with controls (80.72 ± 1.46 pg·mL−1·mg tissue−1). The plasma levels of these catecholamines also increased slightly but not significantly in diabetic rats compared with controls. These results suggest that diabetes is associated with increased noradrenaline and adrenaline and decreased 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid pancreatic tissue levels. These disturbances in catecholamine metabolism may play a role in the pathogenesis of the acute and chronic complications of diabetes mellitus.
Intraperitoneal injection
Cite
Citations (21)
Cite
Citations (24)
The effects of spontaneous diabetes on pancreatic A, B, and D cells were assessed using immunocytochemical, and histochemical RIA techniques. Three groups of untreated diabetic BB Wistar rats were studied at various stages of the diabetic syndrome: 1) early diabetes (1–3 days post detection of glycosuria), 2) unstable diabetes (end stage; 7–22 days post detection), and 3) stable diabetes (41–63 days post detection). Their data were compared to those of nondiabetic control littermates. The pancreatic immunoreactive insulin (IRI) concentration was severely reduced to less than 3% as early as 1 day post detection. The unstable form of diabetes was characterized by significantly decreased immunoreactive concentrations of all three pancreatic hormones, including glucagon (IRG) and somatostatin (IRS). The stable form differed from the unstable form in having slightly higher pancreatic IRI concentrations and significantly greater IRG and IRS concentrations. The loss of B cells was evident at allstages of diabetes. The number of A and D cells appeared normal in stable diabetics, but was reduced in unstable diabetics. Histological examination of pancreatic islets from a group of young normoglycemic BB rats revealed variable degrees of insulitis, indicating that the destructive process in the pancreas is initiated well in advance of the clinical disease. Despite wide variation in pancreatic hormone concentrations in these animals, significant positive correlations were observed among pancreatic IRI, IRG, and IRS concentrations, suggesting differences in initial islet cell mass between animals. Furthermore, the results suggest that the A and D cells in the unstable form of diabetes may have been affected by the same process which destroyed the B cells, or that the integrity of the A and D cells is dependent on a minimal local concentration of insulin.
Glycosuria
Insulitis
Pancreatic Islets
Pancreatic polypeptide
Cite
Citations (33)
Objective To investigate the cardiovascular complications of diabetes,especially the hypertension risk factors.Methods The clinical manifestation of 156 cases of diabetic patients in our hospital were summarized,the diabetes and cardiovascular complications,especially the hypertension were analyzed.Results The rate of diabetes in 5 years with hy pertension was 18.75% and it was significantly lower than that of 5 years or more(P 0.05),the occurrence rate of coronary heart disease and angina pectoris in two groups had no statistically significant(P 0.05).Conclusion Diabetic with cardiovascular complications are related to many factors,and the hypertension is the most common complication of diabetes,combi nation of effective auxiliary examination can better early detection and prevention of diabetic cardiovascular complications.
Cite
Citations (0)
Background Diabetic dermopathy is the most common cutaneous marker of diabetes mellitus. The relationship of diabetic dermopathy to internal complications of diabetes mellitus, such as nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy, is still unknown. Methods The possible role of diabetic dermopathy as a clinical sign of internal complications in diabetes mellitus was investigated. One hundred and seventy‐three patients with diabetes mellitus, of whom 125 (72%) had insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus and 48 (28%) had non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus, were studied. Results Diabetic dermopathy was present in 69 (40%) of patients, statistically more significant in patients 50 years of age and older. The mean diabetic duration was significantly higher in patients with diabetic dermopathy than in those without. The associations of diabetic dermopathy with retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy were each statistically significant, and the increased frequency of diabetic dermopathy correlated with an increased number of these three complications in each patient. Conclusions Some of the factors that affect the development of internal complications in diabetes mellitus may play a role in the development of diabetic dermopathy, and diabetic dermopathy may serve as a clinical sign of an increased likelihood of these internal complications in diabetic patients.
Diabetic Neuropathy
Cite
Citations (110)
Background: Diabetes mellitus affects all systems of the body. Skin is also frequently involved. The aim of the study was to assess the frequency of various skin manifestations in patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at the out-patient diabetic clinics at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. One hundred consecutive patients, both male and female suffering from either type-1 or type-2 diabetes mellitus were included. Results: Out of hundred patients, skin changes were present in 84% of patients. The most frequent finding was skin infections present in 29.7% of patients and the second most common finding was diabetic dermopathy found in 28.5% of patients. Other finding were: Acanthosis Nigricans in 19%, sweating complications in 14.2%, nail involvement in 10.7%, oral involvenient in 5.9%, diabetic foot in 5.9%, xanthelasma in 4.7%, yellow skin in 1.1%, generalized Pruritus in 1.1%, limited joint mobility in 1.1%. Conclusion: The cutaneous manifestations are very common in our diabetic patients (84%) and it is important that they are identified and appropriately treated in diabetes follow up clinics.
Acanthosis Nigricans
Cite
Citations (44)
Diabetes and hip fractures in geriatric patients are common, and many elderly patients have a history of diabetes. However, the influence of diabetes on surgical complications may vary based on which particular type of diabetes a patient has. To our knowledge, no prior study has stratified patients with diabetes to compare patients with noninsulin-dependent and insulin-dependent diabetes regarding rates of postoperative adverse events, length of hospitalization, and readmission rate after surgical stabilization of hip fractures in geriatric patients.We asked whether patients with noninsulin-dependent or insulin-dependent diabetes are at increased risk (1) of sustaining an aggregated serious adverse event, aggregated minor adverse event, extended length of stay, or hospital readmission within 30 days of hip fracture surgery; (2) of experiencing any individual serious adverse event within 30 days of hip fracture surgery; and (3) of experiencing any individual minor adverse event within 30 days of hip fracture surgery.Patients older than 65 years undergoing surgery for hip fracture between 2005 and 2012 were identified (n = 9938) from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program(®) database. This database reports events within 30 days of the surgery. Demographics were compared between three groups of patients: patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes, patients with insulin-dependent diabetes, and patients without diabetes. Patients without diabetes served as the reference group, and the relative risks for aggregated serious adverse events, aggregated minor adverse events, length of stay greater than 9 days, and readmission within 30 days were calculated for patients with noninsulin-dependent and with insulin-dependent diabetes. We then calculated relative risks for each specific serious adverse event and minor adverse event using multivariate analyses.Patients with noninsulin-dependent and insulin-dependent diabetes were at no greater risk of sustaining an aggregated serious adverse event, aggregated minor adverse event, extended postoperative length of stay, or readmission. Among individual serious adverse events, only postoperative myocardial infarction was found to be increased in the diabetic groups (relative risk [RR] = 1.9 for noninsulin-dependent diabetes, 95% CI, 1.3-2.8; RR = 1.5 for insulin-dependent diabetes, CI, 0.9-2.6; p = 0.003). Patients with noninsulin-dependent and insulin-dependent diabetes were at no greater risk of sustaining any individual minor adverse event.Despite previously reported and perceived risks associated with diabetes, we found little difference in terms of perioperative risk among geriatric patients with hip fracture with noninsulin-dependent or insulin-dependent diabetes relative to patients without diabetes. Clinically, the implications of these findings will help to improve, specify, and increase the efficiency of the preoperative workup and counseling of patients with diabetes who need hip fracture surgery.Level III, case-control study. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Hip Fracture
Demographics
Cite
Citations (39)
Cite
Citations (5)
To determine the long-term influence of the severity of preoperative diabetes mellitus on the results of coronary bypass, a review was made of 212 diabetics operated on between 1968 and 1973, of whom 87 patients (41%) were receiving no drugs, 108 patients (50.9%) were receiving oral hypoglycemic agents, and 17 patients (8%) were receiving insulin. They were compared with 1,222 nondiabetic patients operated on over the same period. Perioperative mortality was similar in the diabetics and nondiabetics: 7.1% vs 4.5%. Improvement in anginal symptoms was similar in all patient groups: 85.9% to 92.7%. Overall 15-year survival probability was .53 for the nondiabetic group, .43 for the diabetics not receiving drugs, .33 for those receiving oral agents, and .19 for the insulin-treated patients. Late graft patency ranged from 78% to 90% and was comparable in all groups. The preoperative blood glucose level was an important predictor of late mortality in all diabetic patients. Thus, coronary bypass surgery was effective in all groups of diabetic patients in long-term relief of anginal symptoms. Intermediate-term survival rates were good in all groups, but the initial severity of the diabetes was an important determinant of long-term survival rates.
Bypass surgery
Cite
Citations (104)