Expanding the application of a standardized questionnaire on recurrent wheezing in infancy Expandindo a aplicação de questionário padronizado para sibilância recorrente no lactente
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Objective: To verify the possibility of extending the application of an instrument to investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of wheezing in infants. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted as part of the International Study on Wheezing in Infants (EISL, Estudio Internacional de Sibilancias en Lactantes). A questionnaire was administered to parents of infants aged 12 to 15 months (group I) and 16 to 24 months (group II) infants. Results: One thousand, three hundred and sixty-four infants (45.4%) in group I and 250 (46.7%) in group II had had at least one episode (p = 0.58). The numbers of patients on inhaled β2-agonists, inhaled or oral steroids and/or leukotriene modifiers were similar in both groups (p = 0.52, 0.12, 0.06, and 0.75). There were no differences between the groups in terms of night-time symptoms, shortness of breath, emergency room visits, asthma hospitalization or asthma diagnosed by a doctor (p = 0.09, 0.28, 0.54, and 0.45). Conclusion: The application of the questionnaire can be extended to include infants up to 24 months of age.Cite
Objective: To estimate the prevalence and control of asthma-like symptoms in children in the general Portuguese population. Methods: Nationwide, two-phase, list-assisted random-digit-dialling telephone survey (Portuguese National Asthma Survey). The first phase questionnaire was based on the GA 2 LEN survey. Current asthma was defined as self-reported asthma and, in the last 12 months, wheezing and/or awaking with breathlessness and/or having an asthma attack. Participants identified as having “current asthma” in first-phase were re-interviewed. In addition, other children with asthma living in the same residence were also interviewed. Results: Of the 6,003 participants in the first-phase, 716 were children (0-17 years old); 143 (20.0%) had wheezing in the last 12 months, 240 (33.5%) awaked with cough or breathlessness in the last 12 months and 89 (12.4%) had an asthma diagnosis in the past. The prevalence of “current asthma” in Portuguese paediatric population was 8.4% (95%CI 6.6-10.7); in 0-5 years old (y) was 6.5%, in 6-12y was 9.7% and in 13-17y was 8.7%. In the second phase, 96 children with “current asthma” were included. In the last 4 weeks, 20 (22%) had night waking and 14 (15%) had symptoms more than twice a week. In the previous 12 months, 24 (25%) had a non-scheduled medical visit, 37 (39%) went to ER and 5 (5%) were hospitalized for asthma. In the last 4 weeks, 39% used inhaled corticosteroids (21% together with LABA); 30% used leukotriene receptor antagonists. Conclusions: Current asthma prevalence in Portuguese children is less than 10%. Most children seem to have a good short-term control of asthma, but many had ER visits and also hospitalizations related to asthma in the last 12 months.
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Identify associated factors for recurrent wheezing (RW) in male and female infants.Cross-sectional multicentric study using the standardized questionnaire from the Estudio Internacional sobre Sibilancias en Lactantes (EISL). The questionnaire was applied to parents of 9345 infants aged 12-15 months at the time of immunization/routine visits.One thousand two hundred and sixty-one (13.5%) males and nine hundred sixty-three (10.3%) females have had RW (≥3 episodes), respectively (p10 colds episodes (OR = 3.46; IC 95% 2.35-5.07), air pollution (OR = 1.33; IC 95% 1.12-1.59), molds at home (OR = 1.23; IC 95% 1.03-1.47), Afro-descendants (OR = 1.42; IC 95% 1.20-1.69), bronchopneumonia (OR = 1.41; IC; 1.11-1.78), severe episodes of wheezing in the first year (OR = 1.56; IC 95% 1.29-1.89), treatment with bronchodilators (OR = 1.60; IC 95% 1.22-2,1) and treatment with oral corticosteroids (OR = 1,23; IC 95% 0.99-1,52). Associated factors for RW for females were passive smoking (OR = 1.24; IC 95% 1.01-1,51), parents diagnosed with asthma (OR = 1.32; IC 95% 1,08-1,62), parents with allergic rhinitis (OR = 1.26; IC 95% 1.04-1.53), daycare attendance (OR = 1.48; IC 95% 1.17-1,88), colds in the first 6 months of life (OR = 2.19; IC 95% 1.69-2.82), personal diagnosis of asthma (OR = 1.84; IC 95% 1.39-2.44), emergency room visits (OR = 1.78; IC 95% 1.44-2.21), nighttime symptoms (OR = 2.89; IC 95% 2.34-3.53) and updated immunization (OR = 0.62; IC 95% 0.41-0.96).There are differences in associated factors for RW between genders. Identification of these differences could be useful to the approach and management of RW between boys and girls.
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To study the effect of obesity on the treatment outcome of asthma predictive index (API)-positive infants and young children with wheezing.A total of 208 API-positive infants and young children with wheezing were enrolled. According to the Kaup index, the patients were divided into an obese group (n=93) and a non-obese group (n=115). The patients were given multimodality therapy in an acute episode of wheezing and aerosol inhalation of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) budesonide suspension in the remission stage. The dose of ICS was adjusted according to clinical control. The patients were treated for 6 months, and were followed up at 2 weeks after treatment and once per month afterwards.At 2 weeks and 1 month after treatment, the obese group had significantly lower remission rates of clinical symptoms than the non-obese group (35.5%/75.3% vs 53.0%/87.8%; P<0.05). Compared with the non-obese group, the obese group had significantly higher incidence rates of wheezing at 3 and 6 months after treatment and a significantly higher proportion of patients who visited the emergency service or were hospitalized due to wheezing within 6 months (P<0.05).Obesity can inhibit the response to ICS treatment in API-positive infants and young children with wheezing.
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Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of corticoid utilization for the treatment of wheezing in infants less than 12 months old and to analyze factors associated with this practice. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that administered the validated questionnaire from the International Study on the Prevalence of Wheezing in Infants to 1,261 infants aged 12 to 15 months in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Proportions and 95% confidence intervals were calculated and the chi-square test was used to detect associations between variables. Results: Six hundred and fifty-six (52%) infants, 53% male and 48.2% white, exhibited wheezing during the first year of life. Mean age at first episode was 5.11±2.89 months. There was a high rate of morbidity, with many emergency visits (71%) and hospitalizations (27.8%). Also common were a family history of asthma and atopic disease (32.2 to 71%) and exposure to passive smoking (41.5%) and to mould (47.3%). The prevalence rates for corticoid use, whether via oral route (48.7%) or inhaled (51.3%), were elevated and were higher in the group that suffered three or more episodes. Children suffering greater morbidity were more likely to be prescribed a corticoid (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The high frequency of corticoid use highlights the need to establish specific criteria for the treatment of wheezing in the first years of life in order to avoid extrapolation of asthma treatments to other conditions that are transitory and self-limiting and in which using corticoids could involve more risk than benefit.
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AIM To discuss the clinical efficacy of montelukast in prevention for recurrent asthmatic wheezing in infants and young children after brochiolitis.METHODS From 2006-2007,children with cured bronchiolitis in our hospital(out-patient and in-patient) were randomly divided into two groups;49 children were assigned in experimental group including male 33,female 16 with an average age of(9.20 ± s 0.20) months,and another 49 as the control group consisting of male 30,female 19 with an average age of(8.50 ± 0.20) months.The experimental group continued to take frequencies montelukas for 3 months as the control group did not adopt any intervention.Statistical of the recurrent wheezing in two groups were discharged after 6 months.RESULTS The experimental group presented obvious less in number with asthmatic symptoms than that of the control group after the treatment with the incidence of 9%(4 / 46) vs 33%(16 / 49),P 0.01.There were 1 patient of skin rash and 2 patients of restlessness occurring adverse reactions in the experimental group and thus stop the medication.CONCLIUSION Orally taken montelukast is effective and has less adverse reaction for infants and young children after bronchiolitis prevent recurrent asthmatic wheezing in and ought to be recommended.
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of corticoid utilization for the treatment of wheezing in infants less than 12 months old and to analyze factors associated with this practice. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study that administered the validated questionnaire from the International Study on the Prevalence of Wheezing in Infants to 1,261 infants aged 12 to 15 months in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Proportions and 95% confidence intervals were calculated and the chi-square test was used to detect associations between variables. RESULTS: Six hundred and fifty-six (52%) infants, 53% male and 48.2% white, exhibited wheezing during the first year of life. Mean age at first episode was 5.11±2.89 months. There was a high rate of morbidity, with many emergency visits (71%) and hospitalizations (27.8%). Also common were a family history of asthma and atopic disease (32.2 to 71%) and exposure to passive smoking (41.5%) and to mould (47.3%). The prevalence rates for corticoid use, whether via oral route (48.7%) or inhaled (51.3%), were elevated and were higher in the group that suffered three or more episodes. Children suffering greater morbidity were more likely to be prescribed a corticoid (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The high frequency of corticoid use highlights the need to establish specific criteria for the treatment of wheezing in the first years of life in order to avoid extrapolation of asthma treatments to other conditions that are transitory and self-limiting and in which using corticoids could involve more risk than benefit.
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Abstract Objective The test for respiratory and asthma control in kids (TRACK score) is a standardized questionnaire tool validated to identify poor symptom control in children with stable preschool wheeze. This study determined if TRACK score measured within 5 days of an Emergency Department (ED) visit for acute wheezing predicts a subsequent wheezing exacerbation requiring an ED visit and/or treatment with systemic corticosteroids within 3 months. Methods This was a single‐center prospective cohort study of children aged 36 to 71 months who presented to the ED with an acute episode of wheezing and had TRACK score measured at a clinic visit within 5 days of the index ED encounter, focused on information about symptoms occurring before the onset of the current acute episode. The outcomes were the independent association of a repeat wheezing exacerbation with the overall TRACK score (primary) and with mutually uncorrelated TRACK items (secondary), adjusted for sex and atopy. Results We enrolled 102 children; median age 52.3 (44.1, 59.9) months, 59% males. Of these, 33 (32.4%) had further wheezing exacerbations. For each 10 unit decrease in TRACK, the odds of a future exacerbation was 1.38 (95% CI, 1.10‐1.75); male sex demonstrated OR, 5.13 (1.84‐14.33). A model that included TRACK items reflecting more than equal to 1 awakenings for wheezing in the past 4 weeks, receipt of more than equal to 2 courses of corticosteroids in the last year and male sex was predictive of wheezing exacerbations: OR, 6.43 (2.18‐19.00). Conclusion In preschoolers with acute wheezing episodes in the ED, we have identified the TRACK score components which, together with male sex, can be used to identify children at risk of future exacerbations requiring referral for specialized care. These results need to be confirmed and validated in other populations enrolled at multiple sites before they can be implemented in practice.
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To determine, in a sample of infants, the prevalence of and risk factors for occasional wheezing (OW) and recurrent wheezing-wheezy baby syndrome (WBS).Parents of infants (12-15 months of age) completed the International Study of Wheezing in Infants questionnaire.We included 1,269 infants residing in the city of Blumenau, Brazil. Of those, 715 (56.34%) had a history of wheezing, which was more common among boys. The prevalences of OW and WBS were 27.03% (n = 343) and 29.31% (n = 372), respectively. On average, the first wheezing episode occurred at 5.55 ± 2.87 months of age. Among the 715 infants with a history of wheezing, the first episode occurred within the first six months of life in 479 (66.99%), and 372 (52.03%) had had three or more episodes. Factors associated with wheezing in general were pneumonia; oral corticosteroid use; a cold; attending daycare; having a parent with asthma or allergies; mother working outside the home; male gender; no breastfeeding; and mold. Factors associated with WBS were a cold; physician-diagnosed asthma; ER visits; corticosteroid use; pneumonia; bronchitis; dyspnea; attending daycare; bronchodilator use; having a parent with asthma; no breastfeeding; mother working outside the home; and a dog in the household.The prevalence of wheezing in the studied population was high (56.34%). The etiology was multifactorial, and the risk factors were intrinsic and extrinsic (respiratory tract infections, allergies, attending daycare, and early wheezing). The high prevalence and the intrinsic risk factors indicate the need and the opportunity for epidemiological and genetic studies in this population. In addition, mothers should be encouraged to prolong breastfeeding and to keep infants under six months of age out of daycare.Determinar a prevalência e os fatores de risco para sibilância ocasional (SO) e recorrente - síndrome do lactente sibilante (SLS).Pais de lactentes (12-15 meses de idade) responderam o questionário escrito Estudio Internacional de Sibilancias en Lactantes.Foram incluídos 1.269 lactentes residentes na cidade de Blumenau (SC). Desses, 715 (56,34%) apresentavam sibilância, sendo essa mais frequente nos meninos. As prevalências de SO e SLS foram de 27,03% (n = 343) e 29,31% (n = 372), respectivamente. O primeiro episódio de sibilância ocorreu aos 5,55 ± 2,87 meses de idade em média. Em 479/715 (66,99%) lactentes com sibilância, o primeiro episódio ocorreu nos primeiros seis meses de vida, enquanto 372/715 (52,03%) apresentaram três ou mais episódios. Os fatores associados com sibilância foram pneumonia; uso de corticoide oral; resfriado; frequência a creches; pais com asma e/ou alergia; mãe com emprego; gênero masculino; sem aleitamento materno; e mofo. Os fatores associados com SLS foram resfriado; diagnóstico médico de asma; visitas a serviço de emergência; uso de corticoide oral/inalatório; pneumonia, bronquite; dispneia; frequência a creches; uso de broncodilatador; pais com asma; sem aleitamento materno; mãe com emprego; e presença de cachorro na residência.A prevalência de sibilância na população estudada foi elevada, sendo multifatorial e com fatores de risco intrínsecos e extrínsecos (infecções do trato respiratório, alergia nos pais, frequência a creches e idade precoce de chiado). A elevada prevalência e os fatores de risco intrínsecos encontrados indicam a necessidade e a oportunidade para estudos epidemiológicos e genéticos nessa população. Além disso, estratégias para que as mães aumentem o período de amamentação ao seio e evitem que seus filhos frequentem creches antes dos seis primeiros meses de vida devem ser estimuladas.
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