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Functional recovery of the paretic upper extremity eludes the majority of patients post stroke. Although many tasks require the coordinated participation of both hands, rehabilitation strategies for the most part have focused on the paretic limb. This article reviews the behavioral basis of bimanual coordination both in health and after stroke hemiparesis and reviews clinical research studies that have used a bimanual training protocol for rehabilitation. Our intent is to examine and evaluate the evidence for the application of such an approach to enhance recovery of upper extremity function. Based on our review, we suggest a set of prerequisite task features and patient characteristics for consideration in the application of bimanual training protocols for poststroke rehabilitation.
Hemiparesis
Stroke
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Gait training
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This paper investigates the muscle activation of the upper arm for the progress monitoring of post-stroke rehabilitation. The performance measure is an indicator to monitor the progress of the rehabilitation exercise. The aim is for the fast recovery from the lost function of the upper limb as a result of the paralyzed patients. The investigation results will be employed in virtual reality (VR) game technology in the stroke rehabilitation exercise. It can solve the problem of the conventional stroke therapy which some prove inefficient and even some fail to regain patients' upper arm. The rehabilitation task requires the muscle activity measurement and monitoring of the progress that involve both fundamental and functional movements. By consistently do the rehabilitation exercise, patients can slowly develop the motor functions, which enables them to slowly regain the movement of the affected limb. In the experiments, five healthy subjects were selected. The experimental results show that deltoid has a significant activation compared with the bicep. In the VR systems, these two muscles will be used to monitor the progress of the rehabilitation.
Stroke
Rehabilitation robotics
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ABSTRACTIntroduction: Trunk control ia a major part of postural control during human movement. This arecommonly affected in stroke but mostly are being overlooked compared to limb impairment. Thisarticle objective is to review the current literature on postural dysfunction after stroke and rehabilitationprinciples implementation.Method: Literature or data sources comprised through computer-aided search of published papers withthe key words of stroke or cerebrovascular accident, normal and pathological postural control, corestabilization exercise and trunk rehabilitation.Result: Thirty five papers were selected and were published from 2010-2 020.Conclusion: The abdominal muscles are held responsible to form a muscular c orset at the lumbar spineas proximal stabilization during any purposeful task. In stroke patients, the recruitment of posturalcontrol muscles is delayed with regard to the limbs activations. This will hamper the activities of dailyliving by disrupting the human postural adjustment mechanisms. The rehabilitation processes to regainpostural control are vital, and should involve exercises to imp rove trunk “core” muscle stability.Keywords: core stabilization, exercise, postural control, rehabilitation, stroke
Stroke
Core stability
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ABSTRACTIntroduction: Trunk control ia a major part of postural control during human movement. This are commonly affected in stroke but mostly are being overlooked compared to limb impairment. Thisarticle objective is to review the current literature on postural dysfunction after stroke and rehabilitation principles implementation.Method: Literature or data sources comprised through computer-aided search of published papers with the key words of stroke or cerebrovascular accident, normal and pathological postural control, corestabilization exercise and trunk rehabilitation.Result: Thirty five papers were selected and were published from 2010-2 020.Conclusion: The abdominal muscles are held responsible to form a muscular c orset at the lumbar spine as proximal stabilization during any purposeful task. In stroke patients, the recruitment of posturalcontrol muscles is delayed with regard to the limbs activations. This will hamper the activities of daily living by disrupting the human postural adjustment mechanisms. The rehabilitation processes to regainpostural control are vital, and should involve exercises to imp rove trunk “core” muscle stability.Keywords: core stabilization, exercise, postural control, rehabilitation, strokeDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hasan Sadikin General HospitalFaculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
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Core stability
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Stroke is a leading cause of disability, being motor impairments its major consequence. Despite rehabilitation, more than 60% of the patients report upper-limb motor dysfunction. The design of novel rehabilitation strategies requires objective measures to assess motor impairment and recovery. In a previous study, we proposed to use the synergy components of the unaffected limb as a reference to be targeted by rehabilitation, since they are proven to explain healthy motor control and to be altered after stroke. We demonstrated that healthy subjects have very similar control structures (synergies and activation vectors) in their right and left arms. Here, we investigate the existence of movement-specific control strategies. To do so, we analyze the inter-subject similarity of the healthy control structure in twelve common stroke rehabilitation exercises and we evidence that motor control is movement specific and generalizes across different subjects and their limbs. However, the similarity degree depends on the movement, suggesting that novel training protocols should purposely choose the rehabilitation exercises to ensure maximum control similarity with the reference pattern.
Stroke
Motor Control
Similarity (geometry)
Motor dysfunction
Motor impairment
Movement control
Motor Learning
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Hemiparesis is a frequent outcome of brain damage (e.g., after stroke). There is a diversity of rehabilitation systems which have been designed for restoring the upper or lower limb functions in individuals with disabilities resulting from spinal cord injury (SCI), stroke and muscle dystrophy. These systems are based either on functional electrical stimulation (FES) or rehabilitation robots and haptic interfaces. This paper presents some of these rehabilitation systems which have been designed by our research team, as well as new trends in using brain-computer interfaces in stroke patient's rehabilitation.
Hemiparesis
Functional electrical stimulation
Stroke
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