Disturbances of humour in postpartum: our experience.
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The study was conducted on 64 women who were to give birth. The average age ranged from 31-44 years and the instruments for evaluation consisted of: 1) Individual and psychological questionnaires; 2) Italian version of the Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36); 3) Sheehan Disability Scale; 4) Zung self-rating depression scale. Of the women included in the study 27.7% found their humour worsened during their last pregnancy, while 19.15% said that their humour worsened after the birth. In these patients we frequently found obstetric and/or puerperal pathologies. There was also a strong correlation with the premenstrual syndrome and with hyperemesis in the first trimester. On the contrary, there was no correlation with familiarity and socio-demographic characteristics. The data allow us to conclude that any pregnant woman can develop medium or strong symptoms of depression thus calling for great attention to be paid to the psychological dynamics of birth.Keywords:
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In this study, we investigated the associations of maternal dietary iron intake during the first trimester of pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes and related complications in pregnant women of Isfahan, Iran.In this prospective study, 812 healthy first-trimester singleton pregnant women were selected randomly from 20 various health centers across Isfahan city during 2015-2016.The maternal dietary iron classified into 2 groups, including heme and non-heme iron.Factors including pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and nausea and vomiting in pregnancy considered as the pregnancy-related complications.Infant's birth weight, birth height, and birth head circumference were also determined as the pregnancy-outcomes.There was a significant association between total iron consumption and infant head circumference (p = 0.01).Total maternal iron (the sum of heme and non-heme iron) was negatively associated with both infant's birth height (p = 0.006) and birth weight (p = 0.02).Non-heme iron consumption is positively associated with high-risk of IUGR (p = 0.004).Heme intake was associated with an increased risk of maternal fasting blood sugar (FBS) (p = 0.04).Higher heme, non-heme, and total iron intake were associated with lower risk of pre-eclampsia (heme: crude p = 0.05; non-heme iron: adjusted p = 0.02; total iron: adjusted p = 0.05).Maternal total iron intake was directly associated with infant head circumference, whereas, negatively associated with both birth weight and birth height.High non-heme iron intake may increase the risk of IUGR, and a high intake of heme iron may increase FBS.
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Objective To understand the relationship between depression during pregnancy and postpartum depression and patfern of delivery.Methods Assess the mode condition of pregnant women who took prenatal examination in the clinic of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University by SDS from January 2006 to July 2007.Pregnant women who were positive would do the test once a week until delivery.All of the women would do EPDS in 6 weeks postpartum.Results The positive rate of SDS screening was 26.4%;positive for screening of depression during pregnancy had definite relationship with pattern of delivery,and it might increase the incidence of postpartum depression.Conclusions Incidence of depression during pregnancy is high in our country,and may lead to postpartum depression and increased number of cesarean section.
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The study investigated postpartum depression among Nigerian women by comparing 83 mothers who had normal vaginal deliveries with 83 matched controls. Analysis of scores on the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale indicated that the mothers and the controls were not significantly different on depression during the immediate postpartum period. There were significant relationships between postpartum depression and education after birth, not having male children at after 6 wk., primiparity after birth, and puerperal complications.
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Objective: Study was done to know the role of USG in first trimester bleeding per vaginum and to correlates the findings with clinical assessment. Material of Method:A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted over a period of 1 year between 1st July 2011 to June 2012 in the Department of Radio-diagnosis.Approved was obtained from the Institutional ethics review committees, AMCH.After clinical correlation patients are subjected to ultrasonography abdomen with full bladder for transabdominal examination.In required cases transvaginal examination in empty bladder was performed.Diagnosis was made by trans abdominal and transvaginal USG by using 3.5 Mhz, and 7.5 Mhz sector transducer respectively.Result: Ultrasound can diagnose viable and nonviable pregnancies accurately four weeks onwards.In our study intact pregnancy was found in 46%, incomplete abortion 24%, missed abortion in 7%, blighted ovum in 9%, complete abortion 2%, molar pregnancy 3%, ectopic pregnancy in 6% cases.Thus incomplete abortion was the commonest cause of vaginal bleeding among non viable pregnancies. Conclusion:In our study ultrasound proved to be more accurate than clinical diagnosis with sensitivity and specificity of 100%.Thus USG has opened new dimension in early pregnancy complication so that specific management can be immediately instituted.
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This study aims to determine the relationship between the late pregnancy and postpartum oxytocin levels and postpartum depression (PPD) symptoms.This longitudinal study was conducted with 70 pregnant women. Data collection was performed through two interviews. While the first interview was conducted in the 30th to 38th gestational weeks, the second interview was conducted in the 4th to 12th weeks in the postpartum period. Oxytocin level measurement was performed with a saliva sample. Saliva samples were analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.The prevalence of depressive symptoms in the postpartum period was found significantly higher than the prevalence in late pregnancy. Depression symptoms reached the highest level in the 12th week. The late pregnancy oxytocin level was significantly higher than the postpartum oxytocin level. A weak, negative correlation was found between PPD symptoms and the late pregnancy oxytocin level. However, when linear regression analysis was performed, it was concluded that there was a medium, negative relationship model between PPD symptoms and the late pregnancy oxytocin level. However, no relationships were found between PPD symptoms and oxytocin level.In conclusion, this study found that the late pregnancy oxytocin level could be a predictive biomarker for postpartum depression. Predicting the risk of PPD in the pregnancy period could provide an opportunity for early diagnosis and treatment.
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Examined the prevalence of depression in a heterogeneous sample of 360 pregnant women. Subjects were assessed with respect to both depressive symptomatology and diagnostic status during pregnancy and after delivery. At both assessments, approximately 25% of the sample reported elevated levels of depressive symptomatology. In contrast, 10% of the women met diagnostic criteria for depression during pregnancy, and 6.8% were depressed postpartum. However, only half of the cases of postpartum depression were new onset (3.4%); the remaining women receiving a diagnosis in the postpartum had also been depressed during pregnancy. Finally, depression during pregnancy was related to different sociodemographic variables than was postpartum depression, suggesting that depression at these two times may be associated with different psychological or etiological factors.
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Objective To discuss the occurrence of depression and nursing measures among pregnant women who underwent termination of pregnancy due to abnormal fetus.Methods 256 pregnant women admitted to our department from January 2007 to January 2008 for termination of pregnancy for abnormal fetus were chosen for Self-rating Depression Scale test.Reasons for depression after the termination of pregnancy and nursing methods were analyzed.Results Among 256 pregnant women,65 patients were found depressed after the test.Depression was removed in all depressed patients after individualized nursing.And confidence of another pregnancy was regained.Conclusion Several factors are responsible for the occurrence of depression among pregnant women who underwent termination of pregnancy for abnormal fetus.In clinical,nursing measures should interfere timely so as to reduce the occurrence of depression and help pregnant women to regain the confidence of another pregnancy.
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In a group of 149 women who had undergone routine first trimester screening using fetal nuchal translucency thickness (NT) and maternal serum free beta-hCG and pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) in two consecutive pregnancies the within person between pregnancy biological variability of these markers has been assessed. For fetal NT there was no correlation between NT MoM in the first and second pregnancy (r=0.0800). For maternal serum free beta-hCG MoM a significant correlation was observed (r=0.4174) as was also found for PAPP-A MoM (r=0.3270). The implications for such between pregnancy marker association is that women who have an increased risk of Down syndrome in their first pregnancy are 1.5-2 times more likely to repeat this event in their next pregnancy. This observation may be useful in counselling women in the first trimester screening of a subsequent pregnancy.
Nuchal translucency
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