Combination effect of melatonin and dexamethasone on liver ischemia/reperfusion injury
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OBJECTIVE: Liver failure following ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major concern in liver surgery.The purpose of this study was to evaluate combination pretreatment with melatonin (MEL) and dexamethasone (DEX) on liver I/R model.Male Wistar rats (n = 60) were assigned to 5 groups of 12 animals each: (1) Sham: laparotomy without I/R; (2) I/R: hepatic I/R; (3) I/R+MEL: hepatic I/R+melatonin injected intraperitoneally (20 mg/kg); (4) I/ R+DEX: hepatic I/R+ dexamethasone injected intravenously (10 mg/kg); (5) I/R+MEL+DEX: hepatic I/R+ melatonin injected intraperitoneally+dexamethasone injected intravenously.The liver was subjected to ischemia by clamping the portal triad for 30 minutes and then reperfused for 6 hours after ischemia by removing the clamps.RESULTS: The levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) decreased after hepatic I/R in all groups.Levels of GPx and SOD were higher in I/R+MEL+DEX group compared to I/R, I/R+MEL and I/ R+DEX groups and they were signifi cantly higher in I/R+MEL group compared to I/R and I/R+DEX groups (p < 0.05).Levels of ALT, AST, TNF-α, hepatic tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), liver injury index, and apoptotic index increased after hepatic I/R.Levels of ALT, AST, tissue MDA, tissue injury index and apoptotic index were lower in I/R+MEL+DEX group compared to those in I/R, I/R+MEL and I/R+DEX groups, and in I/R+MEL they were signifi cantly lower than in I/R+DEX group (p < 0.05).TNF-α level was lower in I/R+MEL+DEX group compared to other groups and it was signifi cantly lower in I/R+DEX group than in I/R+MEL and I/R groups (p < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Combination therapy with melatonin and dexamethasone had better results in decreasing the liver injury compared to when each of them was administered alone (Tab.3, Ref. 58).Keywords:
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This study was conducted to determine the effect of beef peptide extract on oxidative stress in the brains of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). A 3-kDa peptide extract was obtained from beef myofibrillar protein using alkaline-AK (AK3K). Oxidative stress in SHR brains was measured by assessing malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. The SHR brains treated with the AK3K peptide extract (400 mg/kg body weight, AK3K400) showed a significant decrease in MDA and ROS contents by 0.33 and 23.92 μM, respectively (p < 0.05) compared to the control. The SOD activity for AK3K400 was 61.26%, around 20% higher than the control. Furthermore, the SHRs treated with the AK3K peptide extract showed results similar to those obtained using captopril, a hypertension drug, except for the MDA level. The study demonstrates that the beef peptide extract inhibits the generation of oxidative stress in the SHR brain and could possibly be used for neuronal hypertension therapy.
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We investigated the role of bilirubin as an antioxidant in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NNH) by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, a marker of oxidative stress and key antioxidant enzymes viz., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in otherwise healthy 70 term newborns with NNH and 20 control newborns without jaundice. Jaundiced newborns had significantly lower MDA but higher SOD, catalase and GPx levels. Furthermore, plasma bilirubin showed significant negative correlation with MDA but positive correlation with antioxidant enzyme activities. It is concluded that NNH is associated with lower oxidative stress.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the preventive and therapeutic effect of ligustrazine against irradiation-induced oxidative stress.METHODS:Mice were exposed to 5 Gy single Co- 7 irradiation to induce oxidative stress,the concentration of ligustrazine for daily intraperitoneal injection was 31.2 mg/kg to prevent and treat liver injury before and after irradiation.The injection lasted 10 days.We measured the parameters of malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase enzyme(SOD),catalase(CAT),reduced glutathione(GSH),glutathione peroxidase(GPx),total antioxidation capability(T- AOC) activity in liver.RESULTS:Compared with negative control group,MDA was increased(P0.05),the activities of SOD,GSH,GPx and T-AOC were decreased in the liver(P0.05) after irradiation,while the activity of CAT was not changed significandy(P0.05).By using ligustrazine,compared with irradiation group,MDA was decreased(P0.05) and the activities of GSH,SOD,GPx,and T-AOC were increased significantly(P0.05),whereas the activity of CAT was not changed significandy(P0.05).CONCLUSION:Ligustrazine could reduce the oxidative injury induced by irradiation, either as prevention or treatment.
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Damage caused by oxidative stress leads to the premature aging of cells. Mogrosides, the main active components of Siraitia grosvenorii, have strong antioxidant activity; however, it is unclear whether mogroside V (MV) exerts these effects in skin cells. This was investigated in the present study by evaluating the protective effects of MV against oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in skin fibroblasts.Mouse skin fibroblasts (MSFs) were treated with H2O2 and cell viability, total antioxidant capacity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and antioxidant enzyme activity were assessed.Treatment with MV reduced the ROS level and MDA content in MSFs treated with H2O2. This was accompanied by increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) activities.MV reduces H2O2-induced oxidative stress and enhances endogenous antioxidant activity in skin fibroblasts. Thus, MV can potentially be used as an ingredient in anti-aging cosmetic products.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between oxidative stress and chronic daily headache (CDH) in children. Although there are reports that oxidative injury may play a role in the pathophysiology of some neurologic disorders, such as migraine and epilepsy, by disrupting or destroying cell membranes through the formation of free radical and reactive oxygen species, the pathophysiology of headache is not clearly established. A total of 38 children (16 boys and 22 girls) with CDH, aged between 7 and 15 years, were enrolled in the study. The control group consisted of 39 healthy children (17 boys and 22 girls), aged between 7 and 14 years. The mean age was 10.9 ± 2.2 years for both the groups. Activities of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in all the children of both the groups were measured. Mean activities of erythrocyte SOD, CAT, and GPx as well as MDA levels were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group ( p < 0.001). The findings of this study suggest that oxidative stress may play a causal or consequential role in children with CDH.
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To investigate the defensive effect of melatonin against oxidative stresses in ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation induced cataract development.Young rats received 8 kJ/m(2) UVB for 15 min. For the intervention of cataract development intraperitoneal injection of melatonin (4 mg/kg daily for 1 week) following UVB exposure was performed. Lenticular glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined in UVB-melatonin, UVB, and control groups.One week after exposure in the UVB group, lens opacities were observed and CAT, SOD, and GSHPx activities, and GSH level were lower than control and MDA level was higher than control (p < 0.05). In the UVB-melatonin group CAT and SOD activities were lower than control (p < 0.05), and the MDA level was lower than the UVB group (p < 0.05).These results suggest that melatonin may protect against the UVB-induced cataract development by directly quenching lipid peroxides and indirectly by enhancing the production of the endogenous antioxidant GSH.
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Cortex Eucommiae is well known in traditional Chinese herbal medicine. The present study investigated the effects of polysaccharides from Cortex Eucommiae (PCE) on exhaustive exercise- induced oxidative stress in mice by measuring the changes in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). The mice were randomly divided into four groups: a negative control group, a low-dose PCE intervention group, a medium-dose PCE intervention group and a high-dose PCE intervention group. The mice in the control group were given distilled water whereas those in the three intervention groups were given different doses of PCE (10, 50 and 100 mg/kg). After 28 days, the mice were made to perform an exhaustive swimming exercise. Changes in the activities of the main antioxidant enzymes and the levels of MDA and 8-OHdG in the blood, liver and muscle of the mice were measured. The results of the study showed that PCE increased the activities of SOD, GPX and CAT and decreased the levels of MDA and 8-OHdG in mice, suggesting that PCE has a protective effect on exhaustive exercise- induced oxidative stress.
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