Transfer of Heizmannia thelmae from subgenus Mattinglyia to subgenus Heizmannia of genus Heizmannia and new characters for separating the two subgenera.
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Abstract:
Heizmannia thelmae is formally transferred from subgenus Mattinglyia and assigned to subgenus Heizmannia. Rationale for this action is provided. New characters of the adults, female genitalia, and pupae are listed for separating the 2 subgenera of Heizmannia.Keywords:
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Summary. Subgenus Compsochromia Kiriakoff 1953 is briefly reviewed. An overview of the taxonomic history of the group is provided along with a checklist covering all synonyms. Balacra flava n. sp. is described on the basis of eight specimens of both sexes collected in Cameroon. Three separate keys, based on male and female habitus as well as on the male genitalia, are presented for the determination of Compsochromia specimens. The vesica of B. compsa is described and illustrated for the first time.
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Abstract A key is given for the separation of the species of the genus Hydalicus Leach found in Fennoscandia. Diagnostic characters are discussed and illustrations of the male genitalia are provided. The nomenclature of the European species of the subgenus Hydalicus s. str. is discussed and a check list is given. Hydalicus moestus Sharp and H. laevipennis Thomson are considered synonyms of H. aruspex Clark.
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The new genus Orienscopia is described on the basis of some of the species previously placed in the genus Astromascopia Jago 1989. Astromascopia itself is synonymized with Cephalocoema Serville 1839. The species of Orienscopia are redescribed, and various synonyms established. The genus and its species are defined by means of tables of measurements, male and female genitalia and external morphological characters.
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Abstract A taxonomic revision of the Southern African members of the family Oedemeridae is presented. It is based on the examination of the type material of all previously described species in the region, as well as on almost 400 additional specimens. The genera Nacatrorus and Melananthoides are described as new to science. Seven of the twenty‐eight species recorded in Southern Africa are described as new. Probosca maraisi, P. endroedyi, Ditylomorphus blasae, Ditylomorphula crinita, D. mecophallica, D. albalatei and D. espanyoli. A total of fourteen new combinations are proposed: Eobia fusciventris, Ditylomorphus inconstans, Ditylomorphula nigrimembris, Ditylomorphula subfasciata, Ditylomorphula marginipennis , and Nacatrorus hottentotus (transferred from Ananca ), Alloxantha holoxantha and Colobostomoides marshalli (transferred from Sessinia ), Microsessinia marshalli and Microsesssinia abdominalis (transferred from Asclerosibutia ), Pseudohyperasclera vittaticollis (transferred from Ditylus ), Afrochitona clarimaculata (transferred from Chitona ), Apterosessinia longula (transferred from Pterosessinia), and Melananthoides senex (transferred from Melananthia ). The genus Achitona ŠVIHLA, 1985 is proposed as new synonym of Anacerdochroa ŠVIHLA, 1985, and Sessinia vittatithorax BLAIR, 1926 as new synonym of Ditylus vittaticollis GERSTAECKER, 1871. Afrochitona , described as a subgenus of Chitona , is raised to generic rank, while Pterosessina , described as a separate genus, is regarded as a subgenus of Apterosessinia. The genera Alloxantha , Eobia and Pseudohyperasclera are recorded from the Afrotropical Region for the first time, while the genera Probosca, Ditylomorphus and Ditylomorphula are recorded from Southern Africa for the first time. Keys to the Southern African genera and species are given. All species are described, and all descriptions are accompanied by habitus and male and female genital illustrations, and distributions maps. Lectotypes for the following species are designated: Eobia fusciventris, Colobostomoides marshalli, Afrochitona clarimaculata, Ditylomorphus inconstans, Ditylomorphula subfasciata, D. marginipennis, Apterosessinia peringueyi, Melananthia costipennis, Microsessinia neavei, M, marshalli and M. terminalis .
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The taxonomy of the eight species of Gonioctena Chevrolat belonging to the subgenus Spartoxena Motschulsky is mostly based on male genitalia due to the unsuitability of external characters (i.e. coloration patterns) for identification. In order to provide similar diagnostic characters for both genders, the female genitalia of the eight species are described and illustrated. Considering the lack of spermathecae within the genus, the shapes of tergite 8, and sternites 8 and 9 have been explored as possible diagnostic characters. These structures present marked differences between taxa and simultaneously stability among individuals of each species, and thus they are very useful for taxonomic purposes. A key to the females of the subgenus Spartoxena is provided, and figures of tergite 9, and sternites 8 and 9 of each species are included.
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In most Atyidae species, male pleopods I–II are specifically shaped in adults. In some species, the same holds true for male pereopods III–V. Due to the age and sex-dependent morphology of these structures, which are presumably used during mating, certain taxonomic mistakes in species diagnoses and identifications have occurred in the past. We studied the morphological development of these appendages in males of the cave shrimp Troglocaris (Troglocaris) planinensis Birštejn, 1948 (= W-Slo phylogroup by Zakšek et al. 2009). In addition, we examined the ontogeny of these structures in males and females from other phylogroups of the subgenus Troglocaris Dormitzer, as well as in the subgenera Spelaeocaris Matjašič, 1956 and Troglocaridella Babić, 1922. Multivariate Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA) on males from the subgenus Troglocaris, confirmed the division of late ontogenetic development into sequential phases. The results indicate that in atyids (1) only mature specimens should be considered when searching for reliable morphological differences between closely related species, (2) pleopods and pereopods show diverse differentiation between taxa, preventing the reliable ascertainment of maturity at all times, (3) body size is often not a reliable indicator of maturity, (4) generally, only very rich samples ensure the presence of the fully mature males that are needed for adequate morphological studies.
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Freshwater shrimp
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The female of Psorophora (Grabhamia) paulli Paterson & Shannon is redescribed, and the pupa, fourth-instar larva and male genitalia are described and illustrated for the first time. Information about the distribution, bionomics and taxonomy is also included. Adults of Ps. paulli can be separated from the other species of the genus and subgenus by its small size. The larva of Ps. paulli is similar to that of Ps. varinervis Edwards and Ps. discolor (Coquillett) but can be separated based on the development of setae 1-X and 5-VIII, the length of the anal papillae and the comb on a sclerotized area.
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Phytotelmatomyia, a new subgenus in the Neotropical Region, is proposed for four described species, including Cx. castroi Casal & García, Cx. hepperi Casal & García, Cx. machadoi da Silva Mattos, da Silveira Guedes & Hamilton Xavier, and Cx. renatoi Lane & Ramalho (type species), and two potentially new species without formal Latin names. Monophyly of the group is supported by cladistic analyses of morphological data. Phytotelmatomyia is separated and distinguished from subgenera Culex and Phenacomyia. Diagnostic and differential characters of the male genitalia, larvae, and pupae of the three subgenera are tabulated and illustrated. Bionomics and distributional data are provided for Phytotelmatomyia species.
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The male postabdominal structures of the West Palaearctic
species of the genus Tachina are described. A new
identification key is given. Characters are illustrated by
original pen drawings and deep focus micrographs, some of them
for the first time. The results are documented by molecular
analyses (based on CO I, Cyt b, 12S, and 16S rDNA). This
approach solves old taxonomical discrepancies, which resulted
in this conclusions: 1) the taxonomic concept of the genus was
evaluated; 2) the position of the present subgenus Tachina
s.str. seems to be untenable: T. grossa (Linnaeus, 1758) could
be categorized inside existing subgenus Tachina s.str. and a
new subgenus could be created for T. magna (Giglio-Tos, 1890);
3) an expected new species from subgenus Eudoromyia was
confirmed; 4) T. nigrohirta (Stein, 1924) having been
resurrected from synonymy was confirmed as a valid species; 5)
some differences between central European and Japanese
specimens of T. nupta (Rondani, 1859) were found.
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Tachinidae
Western Palaearctic
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