Effect of different planes of nutrition on development and subsequent milk yield of heifers.
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1. Forty-five Friesian first calf heifers were used in an experiment to study the effect on milk production of two levels of feeding in the last 6 months of pregnancy and two levels of feeding in the first 8 weeks of lactation. 2. In each of two years herbage was rationed daily at different rates to two groups of pregnant heifers from late April until they calved in the autumn. The mean daily rations were 3·5 lb herbage dry matter and 2·4 lb herbage dry matter per 100 lb live weight for the two groups. The mean daily amounts consumed were 2·1 and 1·8 lb herbage dry matter per 100 lb live weight respectively. 3. The rates of gross live-weight gain during the period April to August were 2·2 and 1·7 lb/day for the two groups respectively. Estimated as the net gain of the dam alone, the rates of live-weight increase during the experimental period were 0·89 and 0·49 lb/day respectively, amounting to a mean difference in live weight after calving of 57 lb between the groups.
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Summary The effects of diets high in concentrates and low in roughage on the yield of milk and milk constituents were studied in 32 cows and heifers throughout lactation. A high level of concentrates in the ration caused an increase in milk yield, a decrease in fat percentage but not in total fat yield, and an increase in protein production. Milk produced under such feeding conditions is capable of yielding greater quantities of curd than would be expected from its fat content, and should be evaluated accordingly. Feed requirements of the cows should be assessed not solely on the basis of the fat content of their milk but also in accordance with the protein content.
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