An outbreak of Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni infection via tap water.
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An outbreak of C. jejuni enteritis involving participants of a jogging rally is described. Information was obtained by questionnaire about food consumption, incubation period, duration of illness and symptomatology. A drink prepared with raw milk was incriminated as vehicle of the outbreak. More than 500 runners were symptomatic with an attack rate of over 75%. Secondary cases were rare. Using serotyping, milk from a single cow fecally excreting C. jejuni type 2 was suspected to be the outbreak vehicle.
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SUMMARY A case-control and a case-crossover study were performed to investigate a Campylobacter jejuni outbreak in Crete in 2009. Most cases originated from rural areas, served by a different water-supply system from that of the adjacent town. Thirty-seven cases and 79 controls were interviewed; cases were interviewed for two different time periods for the case-crossover study. Stool cultures, PFGE and MLST subtyping were run in human samples. Univariately, consumption of tap water was associated with C. jejuni infection. Stratified analysis revealed that water-supply system was an effect modifier of this association. In the multivariable analysis, the rural areas' water supplier and drinking tap water were risk factors. No risk factors were revealed in the case-crossover study. No Campylobacter were isolated in the tested water samples. There is strong epidemiological evidence that tap water was the vehicle of the outbreak.
Tap water
Subtyping
Campylobacteriosis
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Journal Article Usefulness of Serotyping in the Epidemiology of Family Outbreaks of Campylobacter jejuni Get access F. T. H. Chan, F. T. H. Chan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. M. R. Mackenzie, A. M. R. Mackenzie Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. L. Penner, J. L. Penner Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. N. Hennessy J. N. Hennessy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 150, Issue 5, November 1984, Page 790, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/150.5.790 Published: 01 November 1984
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In June 2011, a cluster of suspected cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), which can follow Campylobacter jejuni infection, was identified in San Luis Río Colorado (SLRC), Sonora, Mexico and Yuma County, Arizona, USA. An outbreak investigation identified 26 patients (18 from Sonora, eight from Arizona) with onset of GBS 4 May-21 July 2011, exceeding the expected number of cases (n = 1-2). Twenty-one (81%) patients reported antecedent diarrhoea, and 61% of 18 patients tested were seropositive for C. jejuni IgM antibodies. In a case-control study matched on age group, sex, ethnicity, and neighbourhood of residence, all Arizona GBS patients travelled to SLRC during the exposure period vs. 45% of matched controls (matched odds ratio 8·1, 95% confidence interval 1·5-∞). Exposure information and an environmental assessment suggested that GBS cases resulted from a large outbreak of C. jejuni infection from inadequately disinfected tap water in SLRC. Binational collaboration was essential in investigating this cross-border GBS outbreak, the first in mainland North America since 1976.
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Campylobacter is regarded as a leading cause of human bacterial gastroenteritis in the United States. We report on a case of laboratory-confirmed Campylobacter jejuni infection in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania among members of a household living with a laboratory-confirmed but non-speciated Campylobacter-infected puppy. We describe an outbreak of likely dog-associated campylobacteriosis, the risk factors, potential routes of exposure and the clinical features in the exposed family members, which began shortly after exposure to the recently purchased dog. We also provide public health recommendations to prevent Campylobacter infections in veterinary care providers, pet owners and those planning to adopt pets in the future. Finally, this report underscores the importance of the One Health approach when public health responders, human and animal healthcare providers and clinical diagnostic laboratories are tasked with developing effective strategies when investigating, detecting and responding to zoonoses (diseases shared between animals and humans).
Campylobacteriosis
Puppy
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