Osteogenic potential of bone marrow stromal cells.
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Bone marrow is the point of origin of several cell types, including stromal cells. Adherent bone marrow stromal cells can differentiate into chondrocytes, adipocytes and osteoblasts. Several substances which modulate the dynamics and differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells have been identified. Recently it has been discovered that those bone marrow cells which are non-adherent in tissue culture for 3 days have osteogenic potential comparable to that of whole bone marrow cells. In the future, implantation of non-adherent bone marrow stromal cells may be of use as an aid in bone fracture healing, similar to whole marrow or adherent stromal cell grafting at present.Cite
Bone marrow stromal cells represent a promising cell source for cell-based therapeutic and bone tissue-engineering applications, but are restricted by a low frequency in healthy marrow, an agerelated decrease in osteogenic capacity, and a propensity for dedifferentiation during in vitro expansion. To address these limitations, retroviral gene delivery was used to examine the effects of sustained and elevated expression of the Runx2 osteoblastic transcription factor on osteoblastic gene and protein expression and mineralization in primary rat bone marrow stromal cells. Runx2 overexpression upregulated several osteoblast-specific genes, including collagen type I and osteocalcin, and enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity and biological mineral deposition. Forced Runx2 expression in combination with dexamethasone increased matrix mineralization compared with exogenous Runx2 expression or dexamethasone treatment alone, whereas dexamethasone-free control cultures displayed minimal mineralization. These additive effects suggest complementary interactions between Runx2 and dexamethasone-responsive regulatory factors. Finally, Runx2 overexpression in stromal cell cultures undergoing considerable in vitro expansion resulted in higher matrix mineralization capacity compared with controls, which completely lost the ability to produce mineralized matrix even in the presence of dexamethasone. These findings provide a novel strategy for cell-based therapeutic applications requiring significant numbers of osteogenic cells to synthesize mineralized constructs for the treatment of large bone defects.
RUNX2
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Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts
Bone matrix
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[Objective]To explicate the biological characters of an immortal human bone marrow stromal cell line MSCxj.[Method]The morphology,growth and proliferation of the cells were observed during continuous culture in vitro and compared with that of human bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs-2).[Result]The MSCxj cells showed fibroblast-like feature with rich in organelle.The population doubling time(PDT) was 40.8h,it was shorter than the 43.82h of MSCxj's PDT.The rate of clone forming was 10.9%,the BMSC-2 was 11.5%.The MSCxj cell grew and proliferated well and were able to form cell clone in vitro.[Conclusion]The MSCxj remains the biological characters of human bone marrow stromal cells.
Doubling time
clone (Java method)
Human bone
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Objective To search a kind of ideal seeded cell of bone tissue engineering. Methods Bone marrow tissue was fetched from rabbit,got bone marrow stromal cells by the method of density centrifuge,observed the conformation,growing feature and osteogeneric capability of the cells during culture in vitro by light microscope,transmission electron microscope and measure of osteogeneric capability. Results Most of the cultivated bone marrow stromal cells were triangle-like or shuttle-like cells. They growed and breeded rapidly,and had osteogeneric capability. They were easy to differentiate to osteoblasts. Conclusion The cultivated bone marrow stromal cells are matured ones,and could become the more ideal seeded cells for bone tissue engineering.
Rabbit (cipher)
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Human bone
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Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences on calcified tissues ISSN 2052-1219 (online)
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It has been established that a graft of fibroblasts is able to improve wound healing. However, there has been no research on the effect of a graft of bone marrow stromal cells on wound healing. The wound healing process requires cell proliferation and production of extracellular matrix and various growth factors. The purpose of this study was to compare the abilities of human fibroblasts and bone marrow stromal cells, which contains mesenchymal stem cells, to proliferate and to produce collagen. Human bone marrow stromal cells and fibroblasts were isolated from bone marrow and dermis of the same patients and grown in culture respectively. Cell proliferation and production of type I collagen by human bone marrow stromal cells and dermal fibroblasts were examined by MTT method and by ELISA of cell culture media on day 1, 3, and 5 days post-incubating. The human bone marrow stromal cells showed 11-17% higher cell proliferation than fibroblasts at each time interval. The levels of type I collagen in the human bone marrow stromal cell group was also significantly higher than those in the fibroblast group. The results indicate that the grafts of human bone marrow stromal cells can show more promising effect than that of fibroblasts for healing of chronic wounds.
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