[Esophageal cancer: its epidemiology, risk factors and prevention].
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29 Background: Gastric and esophageal cancers are the fourth and eighth most common cancers worldwide, with an estimated 1.5 million new cases combined in 2008. A comprehensive, international comparison of the descriptive epidemiology of these diseases is lacking. The objectives of this study are to (1) characterize the current and projected incidence rates and the current case fatality of these cancer types by age and gender within countries in Europe, Asia, the Americas, Oceania, and Africa; (2) describe the temporal variation in cardia and non-cardia gastric cancer and squamous and adenocarcinoma esophageal cancer in the U.S. by age and gender. Methods: Data from GLOBOCAN were used to calculate country-specific incidence rates (per 100,000) for 2012, 2015, and 2025, and the country-specific case fatality (%) in 2012. Data from the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program in the U.S. were used to estimate gastric cancer incidence rates from 2004-2011 (per 100,000) and 12-month survival (%) stratified by gender, age (0-64/65+), stage at diagnosis, gastric cancer subtype, and esophageal cancer histology. Joinpoint regression was used to quantify changes in the Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) in these outcomes. Results: GLOBOCAN results showed wide geographic variation in gastric and esophageal cancer incidence rates. In most countries, the case-fatality among males and females 65+ years was > 60%. In the U.S., the annual incidence of all gastric cancer subtypes decreased significantly among males and females 65+ (AAPC= -2.4% & -1.6%, respectively). Esophageal cancer incidence decreased in both genders and age groups, with a significant decline observed among females 65+ with squamous histology (-3.5%). Twelve-month survival in esophageal cancer showed modest improvements, with a significant increase observed among males 65+ with adenocarcinoma histology (2.0%). Conclusions: The worldwide burden of gastric and esophageal cancers is substantial. In the U.S., declines in incidence and modest improvements in survival of these cancers were observed.
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A good coverage by the Hong Kong Cancer Registry of cases of the common cancers diagnosed in Hong Kong during 1974-78 is indicated by an excess of cases over deaths registered, which is according to expectation from survival prospects. The trends during 1961-79 showed a rapid increase in mortality from lung cancer in both sexes, a moderate rise in liver cancer in males, and small increases in esophageal cancer in males and colon cancer in females. Cervical cancer was the only neoplasm that showed a decreasing trend, although this was small in proportion. Some epidemiological observations on cancer arising in the lung, liver, larynx, and nasopharynx are presented.
Liver Cancer
Epidemiology of cancer
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Etiology
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The global incidence of malignant tumors has been rising in recent years. The mortalities of cancers in China,especially the digestive system carcinoma are higher than the global average level. The morbidities and mortalities of esophageal cancer,gastric cancer,liver cancer and colorectal cancer are among the highest malignant tumors in China,and there are significant diversities by regions,nationalities and gender. Here is to make a review of the epidemiology and current situation of esophageal cancer,gastric cancer,liver cancer and colorectal cancer in the world.
Liver Cancer
Gastrointestinal cancer
Epidemiology of cancer
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Objective To understand the Epidemiology of Digestive System malignant tumors among the residents in Wenshang county,and provide basis for establishing targeted prevention and control schemes of tumors.Methods Epidemiological analysis was conducted on death data of malignant tumors among the residents in this county of 2008.Results The mortality of malignant tumors increased with the age of males and females in Wenshang.The mortality of digestive system cancer was 112.87/100000,accounting for 65.19%,and more than non-digestive cancer after 40 years old in males and 50 in females,and the mortality of digestive system cancer in males was more than females from40 to 75 and over 85 years old(P0.05),the sex ratio was 1.77:1.The first 3 digestive system cancer death were esophageal cancer,stomach cancer and liver cancer.Conclusion The mortality of esophageal cancer of Wenshang residents is highest in digestive system cancer.
Liver Cancer
Stomach cancer
Gastrointestinal cancer
Digestive tract
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Objective:To investigate the operative method in the resection of esophageal cancer and the prevention of its complications.Methods:The clinical data in 273 patients undergoing the esophageal cancer resection from September 1996 to August 2006 were analysed retrospectively.Results:All 273 patients with esophageal cancer received operative treatment,the clinical cure rate was 98.9%(270/273).The 3-year and 5-year survival rates in patients with esophageal cancer after operation were 60.00%(116/193)and 34.65%(48/139)respectively.Conclusion:The accurate operative method can obviously improve the operative excision rate and the thoroughness of the operation,decrease the complications of perioperative period and improve the long-term survival rate.
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