Pregnancy outcome after previous induced abortion.
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The outcome of pregnancy was studied in 325 patients with an induced abortion in their previous pregnancy, together with 721 control patients. The patients were matched for age, parity and social class. Smoking and unplanned pregnancies were found to be more comon among abortion patients than among the control patients. As regards pregnancy complications, bleeding during pregnancy and placental retention were found to be significantly more common in the index group. No statistical differences were noticed in gestation length, birthweight, rate of spontaneous abortion and perinatal mortality in the pregnancy following induced abortion as compared with control patients.Pregnancy outcome was studied in 325 patients with an induced abortion in the previous pregnancy, together with 721 control patients attending 10 Maternity Health Centers in Helsinki, Finland. Patients were matched for age, parity and social class. Smoking and unplanned pregnancies were found to be a more common occurrence among abortion than among control patients. In terms of pregnancy complications, bleeding during pregnancy and placental retention were found to be significantly more common in the index group as compared to the primigravid women or women with a live birth in their previous pregnancy, being roughly equal with women who had experienced spontaneous abortion. No statistical differences were noted in gestation length, birthweight, rate of spontaneous abortion and perinatal mortality in the pregnancy following induced abortion as compared with control patients.Cite
The authors have studied a series of 2,292 pregnancies that were unselected and have calculated from this the risks of spontaneous abortion before the 28th week of the pregnancy that patients have when they come for ultrasonography for the first time in the pregnancy. They have been able to work out the risks of spontaneous abortion even when the ultrasound was normal for the time of pregnancy. The risks diminish as the pregnancy progresses and rise with the mother's age.
Early pregnancy factor
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A triplet pregnancy is described in which there was a second trimester abortion of one fetus at 16 weeks' gestation. A cervical cerclage was placed, and tocolysis was used. The other two triplets were delivered 131 days later (at 35 weeks' gestation) by cesarean section. Both infants survived. This case is unique in the literature.
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Products of conception
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Abstract. The frequency of pregnancy and delivery complications in women whose previous pregnancy had been terminated by a legally induced abortion is evaluated in a prospective and a retrospective study. Bleeding before 28 weeks of gestation and retention of placenta or placental tissue occurred more frequently after legal abortion than in a control group matched for age, parity, and socio‐economic status. Other pregnancy and delivery complications did not occur more frequently after legal abortion. It is of particular interest that the study could not demonstrate an increased frequency of low birth weight among women whose previous pregnancy had been terminated by legal abortion.
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Abstract. The occurrence of the “pregnancy zone” protein was studied in the sera of 82 women with incomplete abortion and 272 women with apparently normal pregnancies undergoing induced abortion. In normal pregnancies the frequency of women showing the “pregnancy zone” protein increased from about 25% in gestation weeks 7–8 and to 88% in gestation weeks 17–18. In sera from women with incomplete abortion the “pregnancy zone” protein was found in a frequency of only 8–9% in gestation weeks 9–12. The results suggest that during pregnancy normal development of the ovum is necessary for the induction of the “pregnancy zone” protein. It is probable that women lacking this protein in gestation weeks 9–12 run a considerably higher risk of abortion than those who have developed this protein.
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In a prospective study of 500 patients who had an ultrasonically viable pregnancy at less than 12 weeks' gestation, the spontaneous abortion rate was 2% overall. In those women with a history of spontaneous abortion, the abortion rate increased tenfold. Spontaneous abortion at less than ten weeks' gestation was up to three times higher than that at greater than ten weeks' gestation; this may have implications when deciding on the timing of first-trimester diagnostic procedures.
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A study of 576 pregnant women, whose previous pregnancy had been terminated by legally induced abortion, has shown that the rate of pregnancy and delivery complications could not be correlated with the interval between the abortion and the subsequent pregnancy, nor with the gestational age at the time of abortion, nor the number of previous induced abortions. Neither was the abortion technique found to correlate with the frequency of complications in a subsequent pregnancy. It was found, however, that more infants with a birth weight below 2 501 grams were born to women whose cervical canal during abortion had been dilated more than 12 mm, and by women who had been submitted to récurettage. The latter group also demonstrated a higher frequency of retained placenta or placental tissue.This paper examines the effects of interval between induced abortion and the next pregnancy; abortion procedure used; extent of cervical dilatation; acute abortion complications; and number of induced abortions, on the kind and number of complications occuring in a subsequent pregnancy. 576 women registered at Regshospitalet and at Frederiksberg Hospital in Copenhagen participated in the study. Abortion data were extracted from the information given by patients. A total of 552 women were studied after excluding diabetics and twin pregnancies. Results of the analysis (Chi square test and 5% level of significance were used; where expected number of individual categories was lower than 5, Fischer's exact test and a 2.5% level of significance were used) show that the interval between legally induced abortion and next pregnancy; length of gestation at abortion procedure; number of induced abortions, and abortion technique used do not affect frequency of pregnancy complications in subsequent pregnancies. However, increased risks of delivering infants with birth weight below 2501 gms. and of retained placenta or placental tissue were observed among women whose cervical canal had been dilated more than 12 mm.
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Relationships between the Gestation Time Post-abortion Placental Adherence and Postpartum Hemorrhage
Objective Discussion of relationships between the gestation time post-abortion and placental adherence and postpartum hemorrhage.Method Analysis of data on the gestation time post-abortion,placental adherence and postpartum hemorrhage of 792 cases of parturients who delivered in hospital between 2007 and 2009 and had a history of induced abortion.Results Comparison between gestation within 3 months post-abortion and gestation within 3-6 months post-abortion,there is a significant deviation of incidence rate of placental adherence and postpartum hemorrhage,(P0.01).Comparison between gestation within 3-6 months post-abortion and gestation within 6-12 months post-abortion,there is a relative significant deviation of incidence rate of placental adherence and postpartum hemorrhage,(P0.05).Comparison between gestation within6-12 months post-abortion and gestation over 12 months post-abortion,there is no significant deviation of incidence rate of placental adherence and postpartum hemorrhage,(P 0.01).Conclusion the shorter the intervals between post-abortion and re-gestation,the higher the incidence rate of placental adherence and postpartum hemorrhage.
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Draw attention to the possibility to use ultrasonographic examination to predict abortion in the 1st trimester of gestation.Review.Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Prague.Review article on possibilities of ultrasonographic examination to predict abortion during the first trimester of gestation. The article is divided according to the images of different extraembryonic and embryonic structures which may be important for prediction of abortion during the first trimester of gestation. Illustrations are from the author's own observations.The presented review draws attention to the possible use of transvaginal ultrasonography in prediction of gestational complications in early stages of the first trimester of gestation. Abnormalities in the size and shape of some embryonic and extraembryonic structures make it possible to detect early complications, still in the stages of embryogenesis, which may lead to early gestational loss.
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To compare the incidence, severity and pregnancy outcomes of pregnancy induced hypertension in twins and singleton gestations.The cohort study enrolled 305 twins and 298 singleton gestations at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand between January 1996 and December 2001. The rates of pregnancy induced hypertension and pregnancy outcomes were statistically analysed in both groups. P-value of< 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Pregnancy induced hypertension was found to at develop 18.36% in the twin gestations, compared with 5.03% in the singleton gestations (P < 0.05). Women with twin gestations had higher rates of pregnancy induced hypertension (RR 3.65, 95% CI 2.11-6.30, P<0.05) and occurred earlier than singleton gestations (35.86+/-2.50 VS 37.40+/-1.18 weeks, P<0.05). Twin gestations with pregnancy induced hypertension had significantly higher rate of cesarean delivery, low birthweight, NICU admission and perinatal death than singleton gestations with pregnancy induced hypertension (P< 0.05). Moreover the abruptio placenta, postpartum hemorrhage and perinatal mortality in twin gestations with pregnancy induced hypertension group were significantly higher than in normotensive group (P< 0.05).The incidence of pregnancy induced hypertension was significant higher and occurred earlier with greater adverse pregnancy outcomes among twin gestations than singleton gestations. Moreover, the rate of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in twin gestations with pregnancy induced hypertensive group was higher than in normotensive group.
Twin Pregnancy
Gestational hypertension
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