Ofigomerization of butene-2 over HZSM-5 zeolite
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Space velocity
Butene
1-Butene
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Fe-modified HZSM-5 zeolites(Fe/HZSM-5)were prepared by incipient-wetness impregnation method and their behaviors for coupling of methanol and C4-hydrocarbons to light olefins were investigated at different temperature.The Fe/HZSM-5 zeolites were characterized by UV-Vis DRS.The results indicated that,at lower Fe loadings,Fe ions mainly existed in highly dispersed and isolated state on surface of the HZSM-5 zeolites.Modification with appropriate amount of Fe enhanced the selectivity to light olefins and yield of ethylene and propylene.Maximum yield of ethylene and propylene of 42.1% was obtained at 550 ℃,7 percentage points higher than that over HZSM-5.
Incipient wetness impregnation
ZSM-5
Propene
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The hydroisomerization and aromatization properties of a series of different zeolite catalysts, primary Ni/HZSM - 5, Ni/ HFER, Ni/SAPO-11, Ni/Hβand Ni/HY were compared in a micro-reactor by using of n-octane as probing molecular. Results show that Ni/HZSM - 5 zeolite with the same pore structures have the approximate product distribution, with the increase of Si/Al ratio, the liquid product yield and hydroisomerization selectivity have been improved. The large pore zeolite have more superior isomeric product selectivity than medium pore and small pore zeolite, the isomeric and aromatic selectivity of Ni/HY catalyst are 41. 83% and 3. 4% respectively. However, the Ni/ HZSM-5 catalyst with a higher Si/Al ratio has higher activity and excellent capability to retard the formation of coke, at the same time it has the optimum isomerization and aromatization performance.
Aromatization
Octane rating
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Propene
Space velocity
Fluorine
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Aromatization
Steaming
Space velocity
Propene
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Pentene
1-Butene
Fluid catalytic cracking
Butene
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Butene
Acid strength
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Butane
Propene
Fluid catalytic cracking
Acid strength
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The activity and selectivity in the aromatization of C4/C4 = hydrocarbons on Zn/HZSM-5 (wt% 1.39 Zn) prepared by ion exchange compared with that on HZSM-5 was investigated. The experimental results show that the conversion of hydrocarbons and the selectivity to aromatics BTX on the bifunctional Zn/HZSM- 5 catalyst are higher than that on monofunctional HZSM-5. On HZSM-5, protons (Bronsted acid sites) and on Zn/HZSM-5, both Zn cations and protons intervene in alkane dehydrogenation and further in dehydrocyclooligomerization reactions that form C6-C9 aromatics. In the liquid product, the aromatics represent an average value of 30 wt%, with more xylenes, on HZSM-5 catalyst after 24 h time on stream at 450 oC and 8 atm, and 70 wt% with more toluene, on Zn/HZSM-5 catalyst, after 52 h time on stream at 450 oC and atmospheric pressure. The aromatization process is accompanied by oligomerization (more C9-C10 and >C10 aliphatic hydrocarbons) especially on HZSM-5 catalyst.
Aromatization
Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory
Alkane
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Fluid catalytic cracking
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Aromatization
Carbonium ion
Octene
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