Process and Effect of Modification on Polyacrylonitrile Fiber by Protein Surface Grafting
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The basic process and effect of modification of polyacrylonitrile(PAN) fiber by protein surface grafting was studied in this paper. With simple procedures of surface hydrolysis, acidchloride reaction and grafting, the soybean protein could be grafted onto the PAN fiber which endowed the fiber with protein surface, and protein-modified PAN fiber was obtained. SEM photographs showed that after the protein has been grafted, the cracks and pores of the surface of the PAN fiber were filled with protein which gave the fiber new surface and structure. Thus the surface property of PAN fiber changed and the protein-modified function was obtained.Keywords:
Polyacrylonitrile
Surface Modification
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Polyacrylonitrile
Ultrafiltration (renal)
Biofouling
Glycidyl methacrylate
Phase inversion
Protein Adsorption
Attenuated total reflection
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Hollow fiber membrane
Biofouling
Surface Modification
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Abstract Carbon fibers were modified by graft polymerization with acrylic acid (AA) using KMnO 4 /H 2 SO 4 redox‐induced system. The carbon fibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. After grafting, the absorbability of treated fibers might be enhanced and more pieces of tiny fragments stuck to the fiber surface. It was confirmed that grafting AA led to a remarkable increase in oxygen‐containing functional groups of fiber surface. An about twofold increase in retained surface carboxylic acid groups occurred. The adhesion between carbon fiber and epoxy matrix was inspected by interlaminar shear strength and SEM. It was noted that the functionalized grafting coating of fiber surface gave rise to a strong interfacial bond, with little debonding. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Acrylic acid
Surface Modification
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A simple, reproducible method for grafting different carbon fibers (modified and unmodified, high-modulus, and high-tensile) with methacrylic acid is presented. The grafted carbon fibers were characterized by wetting measurements and electrokinetic studies. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs showed grafted polymer chains on all carbon fiber surfaces. The success of the grafting procedure depends on a suitable modification of the fiber surface. The amount and size of the grafted polymer chains on modified carbon fibers depend on the amount of initiator used. Contact angle measurements indicate an increase of the contact angle versus water and a decrease versus diiodomethane. The surface polarity calculated from the surface tensions obtained from contact angle values decreases for all systems under investigation. Zeta (ζ) potential measurements confirmed these results. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 71: 1175–1185, 1999
Diiodomethane
Synthetic fiber
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)
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To modify the surface of inorganic fibers such as glass fiber (GF), alumina fiber (A1F), and carbon fiber (GF), we investigated the grafting of polymers by termination of living polymer cation with amino groups introduced onto the fiber surface. The introduction of amino and N-phenylamino groups onto GF and AIF were achieved by the treatment of fiber surface with γ-aminopropyltrietoxysilane and N-phenyl-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, respectively. The introduction of amino groups onto CF was performed by the reduction of nitrated CF. These amino groups on inorganic fiber surface readily reacted with living poly(isobulyl vinyl ether) (poly(IBVE)) cation, and poly(IBVE) with controlled molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution was grafted onto the surface. By the termination of living poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (poly(MeOZO)) cation with amino groups on inorganic fiber, poly(MeOZO) was also grafted onto the surface. The mole number of grafted polymer chain on inorganic fiber surface decreased with increasing molecular weight of the living polymer, because the steric hindrance of inorganic fiber surface increases with increasing molecular weight of the living polymer. The wettability of the inorganic fiber surface readily controlled by grafting of polymers onto the surface.
Molar mass distribution
Surface Modification
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Polyacrylonitrile
Electrospinning
Zeta potential
Surface Modification
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Citations (27)
Polyacrylonitrile
Biofouling
Ultrafiltration (renal)
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Citations (140)
Polyacrylonitrile
Surface Modification
Synthetic fiber
Chemical modification
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Maleic anhydride(MAH) was bonded onto the surface of membrane by ultraviolet(UV)-initiated graft to improve the anti-fouling property of polyacrylonitrile(PAN) ultrafiltration membrane. The effect of UV radiation power,irradiation time, initiator and monomer concentrations on the reaction yield were investigated. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR/FT-IR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and water contact angle measurement were employed to characterize the structure and the properties of the membranes. The results revealed that MAH monomer had been bonded onto membrane surface successfully and the hydrophilicity of modified membrane was increased. The static protein pollution of membranes and ultrafiltration results were used to evaluate the anti-fouling property of the membranes. The results demonstrated that the water flux did not change obviously after MAH bonding. However, the anti-fouling property of the modified membranes was enhanced obviously. Furthermore, PAN membrane surface was functionalized by anhydride groups in MAH monomer which endowed the membranes with high reactivity.
Polyacrylonitrile
Ultrafiltration (renal)
Maleic anhydride
Attenuated total reflection
Surface Modification
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Abstract Ultrafine electrospun polymer fibers, with their large specific surface areas, have not found wide applications partly because the fiber surfaces usually carry an insufficient quantity of active groups. The electrospinning and surface‐grafting copolymerization of polystyrene fibrous membranes were carried out via the embedded radical initiator approach. The results from X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy show that the initiator added to the polystyrene dope was deliberately expelled onto the fiber surfaces. The microstructure and hydrophilicity of the grafted membranes were investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and water contact angle and water uptake capacity measurements. An increase in the initiator dosages led to decreases in the grafting rate, water uptake, and hydrophilicity of the grafted membranes; the opposite was true for increases in the neutralization of acrylic acid (AA). However, the grafting, water uptake, and hydrophilicity of the grafted membranes presented nonlinear relationships with the concentration of AA. The initiator emigration technique will provide a facile and feasible platform for the surface‐grafting modification of electrospun membranes. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Electrospinning
Polystyrene
Acrylic acid
Surface Modification
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