Characteristics and Determinants of Arable Land Change in China
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How to protect arable land in the process of modernization is a critical issue in China. This paper analyzes the arable land changes in China in the recent years, and then quantitatively studies the effects of population growth ,economic development and urbanization on arable land. Some judgement and policy implication of arable land use are given accordingly.Keywords:
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Rapid urban land expansion and the resulting arable land loss have put food security in China at risk. This paper investigates the characteristics and mechanism of arable land conversion in Beijing using a logistic model based on land-use data for 2001 and 2010. The results suggest that (1) arable land conversion tends to occur near built-up areas, city centers and major roads; (2) arable land that lies closer to irrigation canals and country roads is less likely to be converted to urban use; (3) arable land that is bigger in size and has a more regular shape has a lower probability of conversion to urban use; and (4) the Prime Farmland Protection policy and related land-use plan have played a positive role in preserving arable land, demonstrated by the probability for arable land conversion inside a prime farmland boundary is 63.9 percent less than for land outside the boundary. Based on these findings and on sustainable-development principles, we suggest that, rather than an exclusive focus on controlling the quantity of arable land, the location and characteristics of the arable land should be a primary consideration when designing urban policies and plans.
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From the perspective of China's urbanization,arable land reform and the bottom line of 18-billion-mu arable land,this article explores the relation of arable land transfer and the bottom line of 18-billion-mu arable land.It argues that arable land transfer can improve the efficiency of arable land use,boost arable land cultivation and safeguard peasants' rights.However,arable land transfer will also bring difficulties in implementing arable land use planning and risks for the forced arable land transfer.Aiming at finding ways to escape from the risks,this article brings forward suggestions for constructing arable land transfer market,strengthening arable land transfer supervision and so on.
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The protection of arable land use plays an important role in the food security and it is of great importance to protect arable land resources. In the process of arable land use,driving forces that affect the changes in arable land area is rather complicated. With Qinzhou City as a case study,in order to provide a guidance for making reasonable policy in protecting arable land,this article is to research the driving forces from 2001 to 2010 that affect the arable land changes and reveal this mechanism,adopting the principle component analysis in terms of economy,population,agriculture and land. The study indicates that the arable land area in Qinzhou City decreases annually with an average of 460 ha. The main reasons are construction land use and disaster destroy as well as abandoned land. Economy and social developments as well as agriculture development that affect arable land changes in Qinzhou City are also the major driving forces of arable land changes. Meanwhile,economy and social development inevitably occupy a certain amount of arable land,but it is difficult to make up arable land with the same quality and quantity,which results in the decrease of arable land. The increasing population will boost the process of urbanization,where residences and infrastructures will occupy large amount of arable land. Agriculture that affects arable land changes mainly reflects on the industry adjustment,in which farmers readjust the agricultural structure automatically according to the benefits and it leads to the decreasing quality and quantity of a certain amount of arable land. Measures such as reducing construction land use and developing land use as well as raising land use efficiency can be taken to curb the trend of decreasing arable land in Qingzhou City. Effective plans such as land reclamation and using the used land as well as saving land use can be made to control land decreasing to protect arable land to a greater extent.
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Some problems exist in arable land appraising practice in this country. The article discusses six major problems that influence the precision of the appraisal, such as different opinions on arable land character and different ideas on arable land, expecting that the practitioners of arable land appraising will be concerned about the balance of regional arable land prices, and about the continuance and connection of arable land price and town land price in time and space.
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This paper is reviewed the current research contents about the potential productivity of Chinese arable land.We attempted to sort out the direction and key research content in future..It was found that the urgent requirement was to understand the inner defending mechanisms between the cereal security and the 0.12 billion hectares of basic arable land and their distribution in different regions of China.It was necessary to consider the influence of the climatic changes with land use transfer in regions and farmers on the changes of the potential productivity of Chinese arable land.
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China has large population and less arable land per person.With the rapid increasing of economy and urbanization,the restriction of land resources is more and more distinct in China.This paper reviews the policies of arable land protection and land use,analyzes the existing problems of land use during urbanization in China,studies the trend of land use and arable land protection in the future in China.
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China has a vast territory,13.7% are arable land,with an average of 0.09 hectare per capita,while the world average of arable land per capita is 0.25 hectare.With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization the shortage of arable land in the country is getting more and more serious.The characteristic of the soil resources of China is dealt with in the paper firstly.Then the different ways of decreasing arable land especially with high fertility in past 20 years are pointed out separately.Author emphasize that the rapid decrease of arable land is affected by economic level,policy decision-making and local authority.It is concluded that the various approaches to protect the arable land politically and scientifically are necessary for food security and sustainable development.
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The paper analyzed current situation of arable land resource change in China,forecasted the change of arable land in China at mid and long run by applying population-arable land model,and forecasted constructional land expansions and related arable land loss through modeling.It also forecasted the changes of detailed arable land conversion categories.Major conclusions are: arable land decline in China is faster in short and mid run,slower in the long run,quantity of constructional land expansion and arable land loss is determined by the growth of total population and the progress of urbanization,arable land loss caused by constructional land expansion will be the major arable land loss item.The author advocates to compose and strictly apply arable land census and management regulations,to enhance urban land use efficiency and suburban agricultural land productivity,to raise the arable land quality level,to fortify sustainable development plan,so as to realize reasonable utilization of land resources.
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