Comparing and analysis of plants between Heilongjiang province of China and far-east of Eluosi
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There are 185 families,92 genus,2503 species of vascular bundle plant in Heilongjiang province.There are 400 families,740 genus,2932 species of vascual bundle plant in far-east area of Eluosi.The same coefficient of genus in two areas is 52.1 percent,which revealed the relation.The same coefficient of species in two areas is 27.6 percent,which revealed the difference.Keywords:
Vascular plant
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On the basis of the overall survey on the plant resources in Ningde,statistical analysis of seed plant flora in the area was made,results showed that:Ningde City owned 156 fmilies 605 genera 1,176 kinds of seed plant,which accounted for 83.87%,52.52%,35.22% of family,genera and kind of the plant in Fujian accordingly.Flora branch of the characterization of the grass family consisted of Gramineae,Asteraceae,Rosaceae,legumes,Fagaceae,Lauraceae,the family geographical origin of the main ingredient was mostly tropical resource.the genera geographic composition was a tropical distribution of a total of 313,accounted for the 51.74 percent of total number,pan-tropical zone distribution type accounted for 20.17%;the temperate zone distribution type accounted for a total of 220,accounted for 36.36% of the total number,the north temperate zone distribution type accounted for 11.07%;It also reflected the region's tropical attributes of plant flora.District of plant species owned rich,ancient origin,relict plant and rare plants,and other rich features.
Flora
Lauraceae
Panicum
Floristics
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An investigation was conducted on the butterflies on the south slope of Taibai Mountain from April to October, 2009, with their diversity index, evenness index, dominance index, and species richness calculated and analyzed. A total of 126 species were recorded, belonging to 77 genera and 5 families. Nymphalidae had the highest diversity index (3.3621) and species richness (9.9363), and Pieridae had the highest dominance index (0.0573) and evenness index (0.8352). The genera and species were most abundant in June-August, the diversity index was the highest in July (3.4094), and the species richness was the highest in August (10.7). The bio-geographic component analysis of 124 species (other 2 species were not identified) showed that the widely distributed species were most abundant (51 species), occupying 40.5% of the total, followed by Palaearctic species (41 species), occupying 32.5%, and Oriental species were the least (32 species), occupying 25.4%, which suggested that Taibai Mountain could be the transitional area of Palearctic and Oriental regions. The comparative analysis of the butterfly diversity and faunal characteristics on the south and north slopes of Taibai Mountain showed that there were 85 shared species, and the similarity coefficient was 62.0%, indicating that the butterfly fauna had definite difference between the two slopes though they were geographically in proximity.
Dominance (genetics)
Pieridae
Diversity index
Nymphalidae
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Based on the investigation and data access,the floristic analysis of pteridophyte in Ganjiangyuan Nature Reserve was studied. The results indicated that in this area there were 216 species of ferns belonging to 75 genera in 35families,and the ratio of these families,genera and species accounting for the total number of ferns in Jiangxi Province was 71. 4%,65. 8% and 49. 9%,respectively. The number of families containing more than seven species was 9,and the families in tropical and subtropical distribution accounted for 74. 3% in the family areal types. The number of the genus areal types was 10. The tropical distribution type had 51 genera,which accounted for 68% of the total genera,while the temperate distribution type had 4 genera,which accounted for 5% of the total genera. The geographic distribution of species can be divided into four types,including 35. 6% ingredients,49. 1% subtropical elements and about 13. 4% unique components of China. The species similarity analysis showed that this flora and Qiyunshan were closely related,and the similarity coefficient was 75. 1%.
Pteridophyte
Floristics
Flora
Tropical Asia
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This paper analyzed the distribution regularity of Orchidaceae family in Fujian Province by using the species diversity index method.The results were as follows.The maximum index values of the areas ⅠA1 and ⅡC6 were βWS(0.575 0) and βC(46.00) respectively,while the minimum index values of those two areas were CJ(0.269 8) and CS(0.425) individually,which indicated that the difference in the Orchidaceae family between areaⅠA1 and area ⅡC6 was the most significant.As to the areas ⅠA2 and ⅠA3,the minimum index values were βWS(0.322 0),βC(17.50) and the maximum index values were CJ(0.269 8) and CS(0.425 0) respectively,showing that the difference in the family Orchidaceae between the area ⅠA2 and ⅠA3 was the least.In a word,the distribution regularity of the Orchidaceae family in different geographical zones was that the farther the geographical distance was,the less similarity was among the species and the genera.
Orchidaceae
Diversity index
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There are 98 species and 2 varieties in the genus of Oxytropis in Xinjiang,and they account for 67.1% of the total in China.Among them 7 species are endemic in Xinjiang,58 ones are distributed only in Xinjiang in China,and about 65% species belongs to the two of them.Species are all distributed in 11 floristic regions in Xinjiang.The Junggar Basin and the Tianshan Mountains,especially the Tianshan Mountains,are regarded as the areas with the most abundant species of Oxytropis in Xinjiang.So it is concluded that the Junggar Basin and the Tianshan Mountains may be the central areas of modern distribution and origin differentiation of Oxytropis DC.Most species(about 99%) are distributed in the mountainous areas with an altitude range from 1 001 m to 5 000 m a.s.l.,especially in an altitude range from 1 001 m to 4 000 m,and the richest species are distributed in an altitude range from 2 001 m to 3 000 m.There are two kinds of life-forms,hemicryptophyte and chamaephyte,the proportion of the former is as high 96%,but that of the latter is 4% only.The relations of flora in Xinjiang are the closest with that in adjacent Qinghai Province and Tibet Autonomous Region(their similarity coefficients are 28.8% and 28.6% respectively),but not so close with that in Inner Mongolica and Gansu Province.The relations of flora in Xinjiang are the closest with that in Kazakhstan(the similarity coefficient is as high as 65.2%),then with that in west Siberia and Kyrghizstan(the similarity coefficients are 41.8% and 41.0% respectively),and the weakest with that in Mongolica,Tajikistan and Pakistan(their similarity coefficients are 29.2%,22.8% and 11.6% respectively).
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The family Magnoliaceae are distributed in tropical,subtropical and temperate zones,concentrating in the areas nearby the tropic zone.There are 11 genera with more or less 121 species,one subspecies,eight varieties and one form in China.Their species richness,species endemic index,similarity coefficient,vertical and horizontal distribution are studied in this paper.The results showed that their species richness center is mostly in Yunnan,Guangdong,Guizhou and Hunan provinces.Otherwise their endemic center is usually in Yunnan,Tibet and Taiwan.Their similarity coefficient is mostly affected by the geographic localities and the different essence of environment.Their vertical distribution center occurs between 1000-2000 m above sea level and its horizontal center limits about 20°-25°N and 90°-100°E.
Magnoliaceae
Subspecies
Endemism
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According to the principles and ways of the floritic division,the scheme of the floritic division of Mt.Laoshan was put forward.And then,the map of the floritic division of Mt.Laoshan was drawn.Finally,the flora features of each minor plant district including species abundance,conformity coefficient of species and the endemic species were discussed.As a result,number of species distributed in A minor plant district was the most abundance(70.4%),number of species distributed in E minor plant district was the least(22.1%).The conformity coefficient of species between A and C minor plant districts was the highest(53.3%);however,the conformity coefficient between D and E minor plant districts was the lowest(30.8%).The percentage of endemic species distributed in B minor plant district was the most;the percentage in E minor plant district was reverse.
Flora
Minor (academic)
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Floristics
Jaccard index
Diversity index
Flora
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In order to research distribution pattern in Rhododendron L.in Hunan Province,distribution characteristics of species diversity at different geographical gradients were analyzed by using information from field investigations and some literatures.The results showed that the distribution center of R.L.was in southwest region of Hunan Province;the plant diversity was gradually increased with elevation increasing;the vertical distribution center was in 800-1 500 m above sea level and the horizontal distribution center was in northern latitude 27°-25° and east longitude 108°-114°,in which Tsutsusi subgenus had the biggest altitudinal gradients span in 50-2 000 m above sea level.
Longitude
Elevation (ballistics)
Subgenus
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Based on the study of investigation, collection and identification of pleurocarpous mosses in Hebei Province, the bryoflora in this area are studied by utilizing statistic analysis of floristic spectrum (FSA) and principal components analysis (PCA). The results show that 17 families, 66 genera and 196 species (including subspecies and varieties) have been discovered. The pleurocarpous mossflora in Hebei is subordinate to 9 geographical elements. North temperate elements take the leading position, including 98 species, approximating to one half of all species in Hebei. Contrast to the North temperate elements, the tropical elements is rare. The secondly important East Asian elements have 54 species, accounting for (27.77)%; among them, the main part is the Sino-Japan elements. Asian and North American elements, adding North temperate elements are 106 species, holding 55.50% of total species. Old World temperature elements are also 106 species, holding 55.50% of total species. Utilizing FSA and PCA, Xizang and Hengduan Mts. belong to one group; Hebei, the Northeast, Qinling Mts. and Shandong are another group. Among the later group, Hebei and the Northeast, Qinling Mts. are closer, and also Hebei is located between the Northeast and Qinling Mts.. In line with these analyses, the author agrees with Professor P C Wu's view (1998) that a bryophyte immigration route of Himalaya-Qinling Mts.-the Northeast exists. Moreover, the author holds that the mountains are the passageway of spread and distribution of bryophytes, while the plains are the barriers. To this point adverse to seed plant.
Subspecies
Floristics
Flora
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