Analysis on Chromosome Karyotype of Saussurea glacialis
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Chromosome numbers and karyotypes of the Saussurea glacialis were studied.The results show that the chromosome numbers are 2n=2x=28;the fomula of karyotypes K(2n)=2x=28=6sm(2SAT)+22m;the composition of relative length∶2n=28=3S+5M_1+3M_2+3L,it belongs to 2B karyotype according to Stebbins'classification.Keywords:
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The paper reported the chromosome number, karyotype and chromosome volume of Carpesium cernuum. The normal diploid was 2n = 40, karyotype formula based on Levan's publication was k(2n) = 40 = 24 m + 12 sm + 2 st + 2T. According to the method of S. R. Kuo, the chromosome relative length was 2n = 40 = 8L + 6M2 + 16M1 + 10S, which belong to "2B" type according to the Stebbins' karyotype classification. The AS.K% was 62.35% from Arano's method. The total volume of chromosome groups was 13.76 microns 3.
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Chromosome numbers and the karyotypes of 3 Saussurea species are studied in the eastern edge of Qinghai-Tibeten Plateau.The chromosome numbers and the karyotypes were as follows: karyotype of S.kansuensis was diploid(2n=2x=32=12m+16sm+4st) and belongs to stebbings 2B type;karyotype of S.macrota was diploid(2n=2x=26=10m+14sm+2st) and belongs to stebbings 2A type;karyotype of S.undulata was diploid(2n=2x=26=6m+20sm) and belongs to stebbings 2B type.No satellites and B chromosomes have been found in these 3 species.
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The numbers and the karyotypes of four dominant species of Saussurea DC.were analysed.The results as follows:S.globosa Chen.2n=2x=32=14m+18sm,karyotype belongs to 2B type,the coefficient of karyotype asymmetry is 64.8%;S.nigrescens Maxim.2n=2x=32=10m+22sm,karyotype belongs to 2B type,the coefficient of karyotype asymmetry is 66.1%;S.pinnatidentata Lipsch.2n=2x=28=(24m+4sm),karyotype belongs to 2B type,the coefficient of karyotype asymmetry is 58.6%;S.sylvatica Maxim.2n=2x=34=10m+24sm,karyotype belongs to 3B type,the coefficient of karyotype asymmetry is(64.6%).
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Karyotypes of three Ligularia species (L.jaluensis,L.Mongolia,and L.intermedia) from Changbai Mountain were studied using the conventional pressed disc method.The chromosome numbers of the three species were all 2n=58 and the karyotype of L.mongolia was 2A while those of the other two species were 2B.Their indices of karyotypic asymmetry were between 59.22% and 62.89%.Their karyotype formulas were 2n=2x=58=42m+16sm,2n=2x=58=44m+12sm+2st and 2n=2x=58=32m+26sm,respectively.The composition of relative chromosome length was:L.jaluensis-2n=58=2L+20M2+30M1+6S,L.mongolia-2n=58=28M2+28M1+2S,and L.intermedia-2n=58=2L+28M2+26M1+2S.The chromosome numbers and karyotypes of the three Ligularia species tested are reported for the first time.
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Somatic cell karyotypes of three Elytrigia elongata accessions collected from different countries were studied using root tip squash method to provide cytological characteristics and systematic evolution.Results showed that the chromosome karyotype of EE001 collected from Xinjiang of China was K(2n)=10X=70=50m+16sm+4st,and the composition of relative length chromosome was 1L+17M2+15M1+2S.The chromosome karyotype of EE014 collected from Germany was K(2n)=10X=70=48m+20sm+2st,and the composition of relative length chromosome was 3L+14M2+13M1+5S.The chromosome karyotype of EE020 collected from Portugal was K(2n)=10X=70=38m+22sm+8st+2t,and the composition of relative length chromosome was 5L+11M2+15M1+4S.The chromosome karyotypes of three E.elongata accessions were belonged to 2B types.
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The karyotype of sabina vularis,was dealt with.The Chromosome number of the somatic cells is 2n=22.The karyotype formula is 2n=2x=22=4m(sc)+16m+2M.The result of chromosome examination showed that it belongs to 1Atype of Stebinns`karyotypic asymmetry.Which means it is a primitive species.
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The chromsome numbers and the karyotypes of S.pachyneura and S.dzeurensis from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China are studied.The result showes that the chromosome numbers are:S.pachyneura,2n=32,S.dzeurensis,2n=26,they are all diploid.The karyotype formulae are as follows:S.pachyneura,2n=2x=32=30m+2sm,karyotype belongs to 2B type;S.dzeurensis,2n=2x=26=18m+6sm+2st,karyotype belongs to 2B type.No satellites are found in these 2 species.
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The paper reported the chromosome number, karyotype and chromosome volume of Echinocodon lobophyllus. The normal diploid was 2n = 16, karyotype formula based on Levan's publication was K(2n) = 16= 14m + 2Sm. According to the method of S. R. Kuo, the chromosome relative length was 2n = 16 = 10M2 + 6M1, which belong to "1A" type according to the Stebbins' karyotype classification. The AS.K% was 57.24% from Arano's method. The total volume of chromosome groups was 1.16 microm3.
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In this paper, the chromosome of S.dichotoma was examined by LM. The karyotype was studied according to standard of the first academic meeting in plant chromosome. The result shows that the number of the somatic chromosome is 2n=28, the karyotype formula is 2n=2x=28=2m+20sm+6st, the karyotype belongs to 3A type.
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In this paper, the chromosome number, karyotype and chromosome volume of Iris lactea ssp. chinensis were reported. The normal diploid was 2n = 32. Karyotype formula was based on Levan's publication in 1964, k (2n) = 32 = 22 m + 8 sm + 2T. According to the method of Kuo SR, the species chromosome based on the relative length was 2n = 32 = 6L + 4 M2 + 18 M1 + 4 S which belong to "2A" type according to the Stebbins' karyotype classification. The AS.K% was 62.5% from Arano's method. The total volume of chromosome groups was 34.95 micron 3.
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