The Research and Design of the Hard Cholecystoscope of Confocal Laser Scanning
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This paper introduces the development of the hard cholecystoscope of confocal laser scanning,which combined the confocal laser scanning system and the hard cholecystoscope.The hard cholecystoscope of confocal laser scanning can do the laser scanning when the cells are alive,and can provide the microcosmic images with the gallbladder's pathological changes.By comparing these images,the doctors can make the precise diagnosis.Keywords:
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We report development of a low-cost smartphone confocal microscope and its first demonstration of in vivo human skin imaging. The smartphone confocal microscope uses a slit aperture and diffraction grating to conduct two-dimensional confocal imaging without using any beam scanning devices. Lateral and axial resolutions of the smartphone confocal microscope were measured as 2 and 5 µm, respectively. In vivo confocal images of human skin revealed characteristic cellular structures, including spinous and basal keratinocytes and papillary dermis. Results suggest that the smartphone confocal microscope has a potential to examine cellular details in vivo and may help disease diagnosis in resource-poor settings, where conducting standard histopathologic analysis is challenging.
Human skin
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Confocal laser scanning microscope can observe cell form of the human skin in vivo, i.e.; horny layer, granular layer, prickle layer, basal layer and papillary dermis. The purpose of this study was to analyze quantitatively the internal structure of human skin in various forearm sites, and to compare the difference between healthy and atopic dermatitis subjects. In results, the number and volume of papillary dermis were significantly greater in atopic dermatitis subjects as compared to that of healthy subjects. This suggests that the internal skin structure of atopic dermatitis might be altered. On the other hand, the number of papillary dermis was greater in lateral site of forearm as compared to that medial site. This indicates that it might be caused by the ultraviolet effect.
Papillary dermis
Human skin
Basal (medicine)
Laser Scanning
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Confocal laser scanning microscopy is one kind of modern Hi-tech on the basis of confocal imaging which is characterized by depth discrimination capability. It has been widely used in the field of stomatology due to its great advantages of non-destructive and non-invasive optical sectioning and three-dimensional reconstruction of the vital objects, in situ and dynamic real-time observation of the tissues and cells can be performed at high resolution. This paper reviews the fundamentals of confocal imaging and the application of CLSM in the fields of dental material, caries, dentin bonding interface and other basic researches in stomatology in recent years.
Optical sectioning
Laser Scanning
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As one of the most advanced analysis instrument in biomedical science, confocal laser scanning microscope has been developed fast in recent years. In vivo confocal scanning laser microscopy is being widely established as a time-saving, non-invasive, investigative methods in the study of body surfaces, which is widely applied in biomedical researches. This report mainly introduces the basic principle and development of confocal laser scanning microscope, and focuses on its function of characterizing the imaging conditions using thin fluorescing reference layers and sectioned imaging property charts. This method is usually used to characterize imaging conditions in confocal or multi-photon microscopy. It can be the basis for comparison of sectioned imaging condition characteristics, quality control, and other applications.
Laser Scanning
Laser Microscopy
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We investigated normal and cancerous human colorectal tissues (fresh thick biopsy specimens) using Olympus Confocal laser scanning biological microscope (FV300). The different layers of autofluorescence images of the specimen were captured by 488 nm laser scanning and sectioning. Optical sectioning can be performed in the vertical plane. Laser scanning can be performed in the horizontal plane. By comparing the autofluorescence image of the normal colorectal tissue with cancerous tissue, the structures of the optical sectioning image layer were found to be significantly different. We have also obtained fibrous autofluorescence image inside tissue specimen. Our investigation may help provide some useful insight to other autofluorescence research studies like laser induced autofluorescence spectra of human colorectal tissue study as a diagnosis technique for clinical application.
Autofluorescence
Optical sectioning
Endomicroscopy
Laser Scanning
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This paper concretely introduces the design of the confocal laser scanning micro-hysteroscope.Briefly,by the utilization of confocal laser scanning microtechnique,the intrauterine pathological tissue of patients can be magnified to microstructure.?As a result,we can observe it clearly and perform a real time intravital examination.This new technology can change the traditional way of gynecological surgery: find the suspect biopsy in vitro then treat it.In a word,the new hysteroscope can not only overcome the bad sides of random biopsy but also improve the therapeutic efficacy and reduce the medical cost greatly.
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Endoscopic confocal microscopy has the advantage of confocal microscopy:high resolution and 3-D imaging,and can obtain the image of tissue of inner organ in vivo by combining confocal microscopy and fiber technique.The principle of confocality is analyzed,the endoscopic confocal imaging system is illustrated,the development of the system is described and the results are discussed in detail,the advantages and applications in biomedicine are analyzed.
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In order to real time record confocal images in vivo , a number of researchers have attempted to study confocal laser endomicroscope that combined confocal laser scaning microscope and endoscope technologies. This paper mostly listed typical con2 friguration of the confocal laser endomicroscope and performances abroad , therefore , introduced the achievements that we ob2 tained. Our experimental results is that lateral resolution is 3. 3μm and axial resolution is 16. 6μm.
Endoscope
Laser Scanning
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A new, real-time, flying slit confocal microscope, that has unique features and imaging characteristics for in vivo human ocular imaging is described. The use of scanning slit confocal microscopes has unique advantages over other instrumental systems based on pinhole-containing Nipkow disks (tandem-scanning confocal microscopes) for clinical in vivo confocal microscopy. The use of laser based confocal microscopy to investigate the metabolic state of biological tissues is described as a complementary technique to the reflected light imaging methods based on the flying slit confocal microscope.
Pinhole (optics)
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