Effects of Coastal Saline Soils with Different Fertility on Plant Growth and Development as well as Physiological Characteristics in Cotton
2
Citation
0
Reference
20
Related Paper
Abstract:
Inland non-saline soil with high fertility and saline soils with low or high fertility were potted to cultivate cotton plants outdoors.Effects of both fertility and salinity of these soils on plant growth and physiological characteristics in cotton were examined.The results showed that seedling emergence,plant height,leaf expansion,dry matter accumulation,content of leaf chlorophyll and net leaf photosynthetic rate of cotton plants grown in saline soil with low-fertility(SL soil) were significantly inhibited relative to those in inland soil with high fertility(IH soil).Dry biomass and seed cotton yield of plants in SL soil decreased by 31.7% and 20.7%,while those of plants in the saline soil with high fertility(SH soil) decreased by 20.6% and 11.8%,compared with those in IH soil,respectively.It is suggested that inhibited photosynthesis and seed cotton yield are attributed to both salinity and nutrient deficiency in SL soil.Soil salinity significantly decreased the ratio of root to canopy,which can not be fully solved by increasing soil fertility alone.It is concluded that decreasing soil salinity and improving soil fertility are essential pathways to enhance cotton production in coastal saline soils.Cite
Abstract Impacts of salinity become severe when the soil is deficient in oxygen. Oxygation (using aerated water for subsurface drip irrigation of crop) could minimize the impact of salinity on plants under oxygen‐limiting soil environments. Pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of oxygation (12% air volume/volume of water) on vegetable soybean (moderately salt tolerant) and cotton (salt tolerant) in a salinized vertisol at 2, 8, 14, 20 dS/m EC e . In vegetable soybean, oxygation increased above ground biomass yield and water use efficiency (WUE) by 13% and 22%, respectively, compared with the control. Higher yield with oxygation was accompanied by greater plant height and stem diameter and reduced specific leaf area and leaf Na + and Cl − concentrations. In cotton, oxygation increased lint yield and WUE by 18% and 16%, respectively, compared with the control, and was accompanied by greater canopy light interception, plant height and stem diameter. Oxygation also led to a greater rate of photosynthesis, higher relative water content in the leaf, reduced crop water stress index and lower leaf water potential. It did not, however, affect leaf Na + or Cl − concentration. Oxygation invariably increased, whereas salinity reduced the K + : Na + ratio in the leaves of both species. Oxygation improved yield and WUE performance of salt tolerant and moderately tolerant crops under saline soil environments, and this may have a significant impact for irrigated agriculture where saline soils pose constraints to crop production.
Water Use Efficiency
Vertisol
Saline water
Cite
Citations (30)
Soil texture
Texture (cosmology)
Cite
Citations (6)
Cite
Citations (0)
Cite
Citations (3)
Saline water
Silt
Cite
Citations (26)
Cite
Citations (0)
Saline water
Cite
Citations (19)
In areas where land is disturbed to extract energy resources such as coalbed methane, improper soil management may result in soils impaired by elevated salinity. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the emergence and growth of three native grass species (Pseudorogeneria spicata, Hesperostipa comata, and Pascopyrum smithii) as a function of soil salt content and matric potential. The study consisted of nine treatments, combining three soil salinity levels (0.80, 5.0 and 11.0 dS/m) and three matric potential ranges (-0.1 to -1.0, -1.0 to -7.0, and less than -7.0 bars). Seedling emergence, plant height, aboveground biomass, and belowground biomass were significantly decreased by increasing soil salinity and decreasing soil moisture. This resulted in large reductions in growth when soil moisture was decreased within a salinity treatment. Emergence for plants grown in elevated salinity increased as much as 26.7 % when moisture was high. At low soil moisture, elevated salinity resulted in emergence losses as high as 88.3 %. Losses in aboveground biomass ranged from 23.0 to 97.9 % at moderate salinity and 27.3 to 98.5% at high salinity. Results indicate that the impacts of elevated soil salinity are highly influenced by soil moisture. Additional
Coalbed Methane
Cite
Citations (0)
Plant Density
Cite
Citations (2)
The physiological characteristics of winter wheat under different soil water conditions were stud- ied using pot culture experiment.The results showed that leaf RWC and leaf water potential decreased with soil water decreasing,and leaf WSD increased with soil water decreasing in different growth stages.The leaf RWC, WSD of winter wheat was significantly correlated to soil water content under different soil water conditions.The leaf RWC and water potential of medium soil drought treatment and serious soil drought treatment kept lower, but that of normal soil water treatment and light soil drought treatment were higher.The average whole day transpiration under different soil water conditions was in such order as:normal soil water treatment (3.375mmol·cm~(-2)·s~(-1))light soil drought treatment(3.107 mmol·cm~(-2)·s~(-1))middle soil drought treatment (2.332 mmol·cm~(-2)·s~(-1))serious soil drought treatment(2.018 mmol·cm~(-2)·s~(-1)).The remarkable difference of transpiration appeared at 12:00 and 14:00 under different soil water conditions.Significant correlation was found between transpiration and light intensity,RH,leaf temperature and soil water content.All these resulted in diversity of biomass under different soil water conditions.The biomass of normal soil water treatment was highest and the serious soil drought treatment the lowest.
Water potential
Cite
Citations (0)