Study on Speeding up Ecological Building of Soil and Water Conservation in the Loess Plateau
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The problems of low effective control and slow improvement of total ecological environment are existed in the prevention and control of soil and water loss in the Loess Plateau. In order to effectively prevent and control soil and water loss of that area, we should well conduct capital construction on farmland of dam system, select kinds of trees depending on precipitation and natural rehabilitation and take a way of combination of comprehensive management and industrial development by taking a small watershed as a management unit. The appropriate countermeasures are as follows: To establish and amplify decision-making agencies for comprehensive management, to work out a scientific and unified plan of soil and water conservation, to expand financing channels and to establish a monitoring system of laws and regulations.Keywords:
Loess plateau
Natural Capital
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Soil and water conservation ecological compensation is a effective way to resolve conflict between water and soil losses and socioeconomic development,broaden the investment in soil and water conservation,and promote the development of soil and water conservation.It is necessary to establish soil and water conservation ecological compensation mechanism of Yangtze River basin for accelerating the regulation speed of water and soil losses,solving the problem of shortage of investment in soil and water conservation,and enhancing the protection consciousness of soil and water resources and ecological environment.According to the characteristics of water and soil losses in Yangtze River basin,relationship among group interest,and differences among countermeasures,the conception and suggestions of establishing soil and water conservation ecological compensation mechanism in Yangtze River basin have been put forward in this paper.
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One of the basic principle for us to persist in our modernization construction is to protect and improve ecological environment and realize sustainable development. There are water and wind erosion area of 622 thousand km 2 in the Yangtze River basin which makes up 34.6% of the total area. In order to effectively control artificial soil and water loss and deeply implement the law of soil and water conservation, it is necessary to continuously enhance the law enforcement of soil and water conservation.
Yangtze river
Water erosion
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This paper introduces the present situation and features of the utilization of soil resources in the Pingshan county, analyzes on the problems existing in ecological environment of soil, puts forward the countermeasures of protecting ecological environment of soil, including establishing reasonable soil ecosystem, resuming the vegetation, strengthening comprehensive control of soil and water loss, making effort to building wind-break and sand-fixation forest, strengthening control on industrial “three wastes”.
Soil functions
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Along with the vigorous development of the soil and water conservation cause in Yangtze river basin, contradictions caused by lagging information work are increasingly conspicuous. This paper discusses existing problems, necessity and urgency, construction methods etc. of the information construction. A monitoring and management information system for soil and water conservation should be established in such a way that it will rely on the water conservancy information network, fully make use of the Yangtze river basin soil and water conservation monitoring network under construction, take key soil and water loss areas and key soil and water conservation areas as main objects, and can cover all the soil and water loss areas of the river basin and serve various management levels of soil and water conservation. This information construction must remarkably raise the scientifical and technological content of the soil and water conservation in Yangtze river basin, promote further development of the work and better serve the society.
Lagging
Yangtze river
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The problems are analyzed about the vegetation construction during soil and water conservation on the Loess Plateau, and the countermeasures are proposed, which is to firstly establish the ecological idea , to suit measures to local conditions, to fully consider the bearing capacity of the water resource, to give free rein to the ecosystem, and to pay attention to developing the shrub and grass vegetation .
Loess plateau
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In view of such problems as surface disturbance, remolding geomorphology, and soil and water loss in the development process of in HouJia coal mine in Shanxi Province, and in consideration of climate conditions in project area and ecological restoration in the construction and production stages, the prevention and control regions of soil and water erosion are divided into five regions including the prevention and control region of industry area, off-road control area, discharging the gangue field control area, outside of the transmission line control area, goaf subsidence affected zone due to first coal mining based on the investigation information. According to the characteristics of soil and water erosion in the different prevention and control regions and the differences of the growth site conditions of different vegetation, the corresponding soil and water conservation engineering measures and ecological vegetation measures are proposed. The implementation and construction of these measures may be of great importance in strengthening soil and water conservation in mining area, prevention of destroy of ecological environment, harmonious development between human and the nature, as well as the sustainable development of the production and construction of Houjia Coal Mine
Restoration Ecology
Ecological engineering
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Ecological building of soil and water conservation is a fundamental measure for the Yellow River Management and develompment.We must pay colse attention to it and firmly grasp it.On a general plan of management,we should persist in the principle of “combination of prevention and control,giving priority to protection and strengthening management”.On strategic lay out,we should take hyper and coarse sand regions as the key.On measures and arrangement,we should put the dam system construction of gullies into the outstanding position.In addition,we should actively carry forward the work of letting cultivated land reverting to woodland,continuously strengthening the standardization of prevention and supervision,realizing interconnection,intellection and modernization of soil and water conservation monitoring system of the loess plateau.
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Because of the continued expansion of social economy and production scale,the continued population growth,people in modern society demand for natural resources increasingly,exacerbated soil erosion in industrial and mining areas,serious damage the local ecological environment,threat the sustainable development of social economy and ecological environment seriously.Therefore,an urgent task brooking no delay of modernization construction in the new situation in our country is to protect the local environment,especially conduct soil and water conservation when develop economy.Taking the soil and water conservation work in a small-scale boron-iron mine as an example,the soil erosion hazards for mine resources is analyzed,combined with the local characteristics,some measures of soil and water conservation are analyzed,finally the soil and water conservation benefits for water and sediment reduction is analyzed.
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By taking the Qianbei 2.0×105 t/a bamboo-pulp paper production project in Chishui City, Guizhou Province, China for an example, soil and water conservation and ecological reconstruction of the development and construction project in the low mountain and hill region are discussed. Based on the analyses of engineering scale, construction methods, and circulation forms, as well as the current situation and features of soil and water loss, comprehensive controlling countermeasures of engineering and vegetation and other potential protection measures are presented in accordance with five controlling principles. After the controlling measures are finished, soil and water loss in the project site can be effectively controlled, destroyed ecological environment can be recovered and improved, and the safety of engineering reconstruction can be ensured. Therefore, coordinative and sustainable development of society, economy, and environment can be achieved.
Ecological engineering
Road Construction
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