Advances in automation for experimental pathology.
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Abstract:
The establishment of the National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), Jefferson, AR, to study long term effects of low doses of potentially toxic substances, including carcinogens, resulted in the initiation of chronic experiments requiring histophatologic studies of large numbers of animals. Processing the tissues and recording and analyzing the massive amount of pathologic data from these studies required innovative automated technics. The result was a unique computerized pathology data system of NCTR. The system encompasses the development of training programs for necropsy techincians, histology technicians, and pathology tissue screeners; the use of automated equipment for processing, embedding, sectioning, and staining tissue; the use of prelabeled cassettes, slides, and pathology forms; the use of mark-sensitive forms for the collection of gross and microscopic findings; the use of data collection terminals for animal identification, animal weights, and organ weights; the collection of gross and microscopic data on a Mod Comp III minicomputer; and the storage, analysis, and generation of pathology reports and tables over a data link from an IBM 370-158 computer. Some of the features of this system may be applicable in other toxicology laboratories and medical pathology departments.Keywords:
Minicomputer
Chemical pathology
Gross examination
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METER is a text analysis and retrieval system for non-expert computer users to exploit statistical associations between index terms of documents. It will run on a DEC PDP-11/45 minicomputer with continually changing collections of up to 20,000 documents at a time. A scaled version of METER with all major features of the full system has been implemented on a DEC PDP-11/70 as an experimental test bed for evaluation and comparison of associative retrieval algorithms. Although the basic structure of METER is similar to earlier statistical systems for retrospective document searches, the severe requirements of frequent updates of a document collection, of running on a small processor, and of meeting needs of users with little technical training have led to some novel developments. Among these are an update procedure that draws as much as possible on intermediate results from previous updates and a user interface that provides for control over the process of retrieval without calling for knowledge of how that process works.
Relevance
Minicomputer
Associative property
Text retrieval
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The establishment of the National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), Jefferson, AR, to study long term effects of low doses of potentially toxic substances, including carcinogens, resulted in the initiation of chronic experiments requiring histophatologic studies of large numbers of animals. Processing the tissues and recording and analyzing the massive amount of pathologic data from these studies required innovative automated technics. The result was a unique computerized pathology data system of NCTR. The system encompasses the development of training programs for necropsy techincians, histology technicians, and pathology tissue screeners; the use of automated equipment for processing, embedding, sectioning, and staining tissue; the use of prelabeled cassettes, slides, and pathology forms; the use of mark-sensitive forms for the collection of gross and microscopic findings; the use of data collection terminals for animal identification, animal weights, and organ weights; the collection of gross and microscopic data on a Mod Comp III minicomputer; and the storage, analysis, and generation of pathology reports and tables over a data link from an IBM 370-158 computer. Some of the features of this system may be applicable in other toxicology laboratories and medical pathology departments.
Minicomputer
Chemical pathology
Gross examination
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Gross examination
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Radiologists can comprehensively report diagnostic radiographs by computer with a speed approaching that of dictation. This is the main mode of radiographic reporting used at the Johns Hopkins Hospital. Support functions include information storage, retrieval, statistics, and billing. Costs are comparable to stenography. The system can be run from a large time-sharing computer or dedicated minicomputer. A commercial standalone version will soon be available.
Dictation
Minicomputer
Radiology information systems
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Gross examination
Histopathology
Cuboidal Cell
Neoplasm
Periodic acid–Schiff stain
Ovarian tumor
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Aim: An attempt has been made to know the cause of the death of the female white tiger, who was considered as Queen of the Zoo and has given birth of 22 white tigers in her life time.Materials and Methods: Complete clinical examinations were carried out such as heart rate, respiratory rate and body temperature and haematology etc.After death, the detailed and complete post mortem examination was performed and representative tissue samples were processed for histological investigation by formalin fixation and paraffin embedding technique as described by Luna.Results: Mesothelioma is a form of neoplasm having mesenchymal cell origin.In this investigation clinical signs were recorded and Clinical examination revealed no abnormality except anaemia with Neutrophilia and Lymphocytosis.At necropsy, the thoracic and abdominal cavities contained a large amount of serosanguineous and blood tinged fluid.The peritoneum showed Multiple, grayish -white nodules of varying size of 1 to 2cm diameter were scattered throughout surfaces.Neoplastic growths were also found in the parenchyma of the liver, lungs, spleen, intestine and mesenteric, tracheobronchial, mediastinal lymph nodes.Microscopic examination revealed Pleural and peritoneal surfaces were markedly thickened by multiple layers of neoplastic mesothelial cells with well supported by collagenous connective tissues.The neoplastic cells of different organs (lungs and liver) showed larger vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli and neoplastic cell emboli.Conclusion: Gross lesions and histopathological studies were suggestive for malignant mesothelioma and originated from the peritoneum with secondary metastasis to other organs and lymphnode.
Gross examination
Coagulative necrosis
Reticular fiber
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Ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma is a naturally occurring retrovirus-induced contagious lung neoplasm in sheep. The current report aims to describe clinical and histopathological characteristics of the disease in an Egyptian sheep farm. In which, 4 dead and 5 sick young sheep were subjected to clinical, gross and histopathological examinations. For histopathological examination, tissue specimens were taken from lungs, mediastinal lymph nodes, liver, heart, kidneys and brain, fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and processed for light microscopy. Examined animals showed release of copious amount of mucoid fluid from their nostrils and marked loss of body weight. At necropsy, there were many solid grayish nodules exuding frothy fluid in the lungs and accumulation of mucoid fluid in the pleural cavity. Histopathological examination revealed presence of many nonencapsulated neoplastic foci originating from the alveolar epithelial lining. Neoplastic foci consisted of cuboidal and columnar cells that arranged in papillary and acinar forms. Proliferating cells appeared supported by loose connective tissue containing some fibroblasts and small blood vessels. Prominently, there was large number of swollen and ruffled macrophages in alveolar spaces adjacent to neoplastic foci. In conclusions, release of copious amount of mucoid fluid from nostrils and transformation of alveolar epithelial lining into cuboidal and columnar cells are pathognomonic for ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
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Chronic Kidney Disease brings structural and functional changes in one or both the kidneys. The structural changes include changes in glomeruli, renal tubules, interstitial space, renal pelvis and vascular tissue. Total of 9 renal tissue samples were collected from dogs which die due to CKD and submitted to laboratory for histopathological examination. Histopathology examination of collected samples was performed with light microscopy using hematoxylin and eosin stain. On gross examination kidney size was reduced, shape was irregular and capsule was peeled off with difficulty. On histopathological examination changes like lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, tubular atrophy, dystrophic calcification and interstitial fibrosis were indicative of chronic nephritis.
Histopathology
Gross examination
Interstitial nephritis
Histopathological examination
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Бұл зерттеужұмысындaКaно моделітурaлы жәнеоғaн қaтыстытолықмәліметберілгенжәнеуниверситетстуденттерінебaғыттaлғaн қолдaнбaлы (кейстік)зерттеужүргізілген.АхметЯссaуи университетініңстуденттеріүшін Кaно моделіқолдaнылғaн, олaрдың жоғaры білімберусaпaсынa қоятынмaңыздытaлaптaры, яғнисaпaлық қaжеттіліктері,олaрдың мaңыздылығытурaлы жәнесaпaлық қaжеттіліктерінеқaтыстыөз университетінқaлaй бaғaлaйтындығытурaлы сұрaқтaр қойылғaн. Осы зерттеудіңмaқсaты АхметЯсaуи университетіндетуризмменеджментіжәнеқaржы бaкaлaвриaт бaғдaрлaмaлaрыныңсaпaсынa қaтыстыстуденттердіңқaжеттіліктерінaнықтaу, студенттердіңқaнaғaттaну, қaнaғaттaнбaу дәрежелерінбелгілеу,білімберусaпaсын aнықтaу мен жетілдіружолдaрын тaлдaу болыптaбылaды. Осы мaқсaтқaжетуүшін, ең aлдыменКaно сaуaлнaмaсы түзіліп,116 студенткеқолдaнылдыжәнебілімберугежәнеоның сaпaсынa қaтыстыстуденттердіңтaлaптaры мен қaжеттіліктерітоптықжұмыстaрaрқылыaнықтaлды. Екіншіден,бұл aнықтaлғaн тaлaптaр мен қaжеттіліктерКaно бaғaлaу кестесіменжіктелді.Осылaйшa, сaпa тaлaптaры төрт сaнaтқa бөлінді:болуытиіс, бір өлшемді,тaртымдыжәнебейтaрaп.Соңындa,қaнaғaттaну мен қaнaғaттaнбaудың мәндеріесептелдіжәнестуденттердіңқaнaғaттaну мен қaнaғaттaнбaу деңгейлерінжоғaрылaту мен төмендетудеосытaлaптaр мен қaжеттіліктердіңрөліaйқын aнықтaлды.Түйінсөздер:сaпa, сaпaлық қaжеттіліктер,білімберусaпaсы, Кaно моделі.
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The nationally-recognized Susquehanna
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music making, successful in their
aim to make the audience feel,
to be moved, to be part of the
performance - and all this while
working at an extremely high
musical level.AÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂA¢AÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂA Experience choral
singing that will take you to new
heights!
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