[Light permeability of the tissue and its significance in determination of oxygen saturation of the arterial blood in vivo].
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Arterial blood
Saturation (graph theory)
Oxygen Saturation
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Abstract Background The blood samples of jugular vein and radial artery were obtained from healthy adults by induced oxygen desaturation test under pulse oximetry conditions on each platform. The oxygen saturation of the two blood samples was analyzed and measured by a Co-oximeter. Thus, the oxygen saturation value of jugular vein (SjvO2) and radial artery (SaO2) were obtained. According to the clinical empirical formula Sa/vO2 = 0.7×S jvO2 + 0.3×SaO2, the oxygen saturation value of brain tissue for invasive blood gas analysis was calculated. To calculate the difference between brain oxygen saturation (rSO2) measured by brain oxygen saturation monitor (hereinafter referred to as brain oxygen analyzer) and brain oxygen saturation (Sa/vO2) measured by invasive blood gas analysis, analyze the consistency of brain oxygen saturation measured by brain oxygen saturation analyzer and blood gas analyzer, and calculate the accuracy of brain oxygen saturation monitoring. The blood samples of jugular vein and radial artery were obtained from healthy adults by induced oxygen desaturation test under pulse oximetry conditions on each platform. The oxygen saturation of the two blood samples was analyzed and measured by a Co-oximeter. Thus, the oxygen saturation value of jugular vein (SjvO2) and radial artery (SaO2) were obtained. According to the clinical empirical formula Sa/vO2 = 0.7×S jvO2 + 0.3×SaO2, the oxygen saturation value of brain tissue for invasive blood gas analysis was calculated. To calculate the difference between brain oxygen saturation (rSO2) measured by brain oxygen saturation monitor (hereinafter referred to as brain oxygen analyzer) and brain oxygen saturation (Sa/vO2) measured by invasive blood gas analysis, analyze the consistency of brain oxygen saturation measured by brain oxygen saturation analyzer and blood gas analyzer, and calculate the accuracy of brain oxygen saturation monitoring. MethodsIn healthy adult volunteers, the induced desaturation test, in which blood gas analysis measures the subjects' internal jugular vein and carotid artery blood samples at each pulse oximetry platform range. Clinical trials were conducted to verify the expected effectiveness and safety of the brain oxygen saturation monitor. Ten subjects were selected into the study according to strict inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Subjects should monitor their electrocardiogram, pulse, blood pressure, SPO2 and other vital signs, perform retrograde puncture catheterization of internal jugular vein and radial artery catheterization, ensure the safety of subjects during the period, and record the values of blood samples before and after collection. The oxygen was lowered according to the set platform(according to Figure2), and physiological parameters were monitored during the process. There were 9 platforms in total, and each platform lasted about 5 minutes. The oxygen saturation value of jugular vein (SJVO 2 ) and the oxygen saturation value of carotid artery (SaO 2 ) were obtained, and the tissue oxygen saturation value of sa1vO 2 was calculated according to the clinical empirical formula SA1VO 2 = 0.7xSJVO 2 + 0.3xSaO 2 . During the blood collection process, the blood oxygen saturation (RSO 2 ) of the subjects' brain was continuously monitored by tissue oximeter noninvastively. The consistency of non-invasive monitoring value RSO2 and invasive measurement value sa1vO 2 was compared, and scientific statistical analysis was carried out to confirm whether the accuracy of tissue oxygen meter meets clinical requirements. ResultsAbsolute accuracy evaluation: Further linear regression analysis was performed on the non-invasive monitoring value of the test instrument and the blood gas analysis detection value. The fitting linear equation was rSO2=4.89+0.93×Sa/vO2, where the slope was 0.93, close to 1. The regression line was close to the 45° diagonal trend. The correlation coefficient between rSO2 and Sa/vO2 was 0.95, indicating that there was a good correlation between the non-invasive monitoring value and the invasive blood gas analysis value. Trend accuracy evaluation: It can be seen that the average difference between the trend change value of the test instrument monitoring value and the blood gas analysis value is very small (Bs=Means(△rSO2-△Sa/vO2)=-0.32%), indicating that the trend change of the test instrument monitoring value and the blood gas analysis value is basically consistent in statistical significance. The 95% consistency interval of the difference of trend change between the two devices is narrow ([BS-1.96SD, Bs+1.96SD]=[-6.13%, 5.5%]), indicating that the difference of trend change between the two devices has small variation. The above analysis shows that there is a good consistency between the non-invasive monitoring value of the test equipment and the invasive test results of the blood gas analysis equipment. The linear regression analysis was made on the changes of the test instrument monitoring value and blood gas analysis detection value. The fitting linear equation was △rSO2=-0.98+0.93△Sa/vO2, and the slope was 0.93, which was close to 1. The regression line was close to the 45° diagonal trend. The correlation coefficient of trend changes of the two equipment is 0.95, indicating that the change trend of the test equipment and blood gas analyzer has a good correlation. Analyze the trend changes value, due to the variation of every subjects is relative to the first platform first blood gas analysis values as the base to calculate, so the data points less than 10 absolute value analysis, the test equipment and the trend of blood gas analysis change the average deviation is 0.32%, the standard deviation is 2.97%, RMS very different trend is 2.97%, The clinical evaluation standard of trend Arms≤5% was met. Conclusion There is good correlation and consistency between the test instrument monitoring value and the absolute value of blood gas analyzer. Trial Registration: The study has been retrospectively registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registration with the registration number ChiCTR2100052321, date of registration 24/10/2021.
Pulse Oximetry
Saturation (graph theory)
Oxygen Saturation
Venous blood
Arterial blood
Jugular vein
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The in vivo relationship between blood T2* and oxygen saturation was investigated. A wide range of blood oxygen saturation levels was created in pigs by altering the ventilation rate. Blood T2* was measured in vivo in the abdominal aorta and the inferior vena cava, corresponding to each oxygen saturation level. Our results indicate that it is possible to measure blood T2* in vivo reliably with an MR technique we previously proposed. Blood T2* correlates closely with oxygen saturation levels over a wide range, and the relationship between blood T2* measured in vivo and oxygen saturation can be approximated by a linear function.
Mallinckrodt
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Objective:Approach effective clinical test methods of pulse oxygen saturation probe,which can offer the base of clinical safe and effective application.Methods:Oxygen saturation of subjects is 70～100﹪ under the control of oxygen/nitrogen mixed gas installation.Collecting 204 pair datas in different oxygen saturation intervals respectively,which is self parallel control studied campared with arterial oxygen saturation detectded by analyzer of blood oxygen.Results:Using the goal value statistical method compared with two group pulse oxygen saturation datas under the scope of 70～100﹪,the difference is within the standard range.It is accord with the requisition of ISO9919:2005.Conclusion:Using pulse oxygen saturation prob to detect saturation of blood oxygen is accurate,effective and safe.
Saturation (graph theory)
Oxygen Saturation
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ABSTRACT Fox & Simmonds (1933) and Fox et al. (1935) have shown that certain may-fly nymphs, a caddis larva and an isopod from swift streams have a higher oxygen consumption than nearly related forms from still waters or slow-flowing streams. Their results were summarized in Table IV1 of Fox et al. (1935). It has since been shown by Washbourn (1936) that the oxygen consumption of trout fry reared in swiftly flowing water is greater than that of fry reared in slow water. Wolsky & Holmes (1933) found the oxygen consumptions of four individuals of the crayfish Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, from Lake Balaton, to be 90, 103, 104 and 105 mg. of oxygen per kg. of animal per hour at 19–21° C., the animals weighing 16, 22, 36 and 64 g. respectively. The mean of these values for oxygen consumption is 101. Without studying the problem we are now considering, Wolsky (1934) later found that the oxygen consumptions of seven individuals of A. torren-tium (Schrank), living in a swift stream in Hungary, were 160, 188, 157, 157, 170, 102 and 137 mg. oxygen per kg. of animal per hour at 19–21° C., the animals weighing 8, 8, 15, 17, 17, 21 and 32 g. respectively. The mean of these values for oxygen consumption is 153. The oxygen consumption of A. torrentium is thus 50 per cent greater than that of A. leptodactylus, and the relation between oxygen consumption and weight suggests that habitat, not size, was responsible for this difference.
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Abstract Introduction: Our patient was admitted to the hospital due to shortness of breath. Although partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood was normal, oxygen saturation measured with pulse oximetry (SpO 2 ) was markedly decreased. SpO 2 and oxygen saturation of arterial blood (SaO 2 ) stayed low during monitoring even with an increased fraction of oxygen in inspired air. Methods: Report of a case. Results: After extensive investigations, a rare haemoglobin variant, haemoglobin Titusville, with decreased oxygen binding capacity was discovered. This is the first haemoglobin Titusville case reported in Scandinavian countries. Please cite this paper as: Avellan‐Hietanen H, Aittomaki J, Ekroos H, Aittomäki K, Turpeinen U, Kalkkinen N and Sovijärvi A. Decreased oxygen saturation as a result of haemoglobin Titusville. The Clinical Respiratory Journal 2008; 2: 242–244.
Pulse Oximetry
Oxygen Saturation
Saturation (graph theory)
Arterial blood
Partial pressure
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Oxygen saturation was determined by direct measurement with the Van Slyke method, an oximeter, and by indirect measurement with a pO2 electrode with conversion of oxygen tension to oxygen saturation. All three methods correlated well when the oxygen saturation was above 94 per cent. Below this value both the oximeter measurement and the saturation value calculated from the oxygen tension significantly overestimated the oxygen saturation as determined by the Van Slyke method. It appears from our data that when the saturation is less than 94 per cent, the absolute values for O2 saturation continue to be accurately determined with a Van Slyke, but the other two methods in this range are, at best, only useful in detecting gross changes in oxygen saturation.
Saturation (graph theory)
Oxygen Saturation
Oxygen tension
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Objective To study the effect of application of detecting mixed venous oxygen saturation in monitoring after open heart surgery.MethodTest the oxygen partial pressure and oxygen saturation of arterial blood and mixed venous blood of 33 patients collected before operation,0.5h after operation,6~18h after operation and 19~24h after operation.Figure out the oxygen utilization coefficient.Take correlation analysis on oxygen saturation and oxygen utilization coefficient of mixed venous blood in different periods.ResultThe postoperative oxygen consumption increases obviously.Monitored value of oxygen saturation of mixed venous blood reduces obviously.There is negative correlation between oxygen saturation and oxygen utilization coefficient of mixed venous blood in different periods.r values are-0.991,-0.984 and-0.988 respectively.ConclusionCompared to monitoring oxygen saturation of arterial blood,monitoring oxygen saturation of mixed venous blood to indicate the status of oxygen supply imbalance is more sensitive and reliable.
Venous blood
Oxygen Saturation
Saturation (graph theory)
Arterial blood
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Oxygen saturation was determined non-invasively with the oxygenmet pulse wave oximeter 1471 and mathematically from the pH and pO2 of the blood gas analysis. The determination of the oxygen saturation by the aid of the oximetric method was carried out on fingers, metacarpus and wrist of 80 infants (male = 44, female = 36 - ages: 1 day - 1 year and 8 months). Blood gas analysis was done just behind the oximetric analysis and oxygen saturation was calculated from the pH and pO2. The comparison of the oxygen saturations determined non-invasively on fingers, metacarpus and wrist among themselves, showed no statistical significant differences. Also no statistical significant differences were observed between the results obtained with the pulse wave oximeter and the results calculated from the blood gas analysis. The comparison of the oxygen saturations determined with the oxygenmet oximeter (mean of fingers, metacarpus, wrist) with the oxygen saturations calculated from the blood gas analysis showed a very close correlation. The correlation coefficient was 0.930.
Metacarpus
Oxygen Saturation
Saturation (graph theory)
Arterial blood
Oxygen gas
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Theoretically, if the arterial partial oxygen pressure (PaO2) does not change, a right shift in the oxygen equilibrium curve (OEC) of hemoglobin should reduce arterial oxygen saturation. In this study we investigate whether a right shift in the OEC of hemoglobin decreases transcutaneous oxygen saturation (Tc-SO2) following the administration of an allosteric effector, 2-[4-(((3, 5-dichloroanilino)-carbonyl) methyl) phenoxy]-2-methylpropionic acid (RSR-4). The effect of RSR-4 on hemoglobin oxygen affinity was studied in four New Zealand white male rabbits. Following intraperitoneal administration of RSR-4, Tc-SO2 decreased in a dose-dependent manner. P50 (partial oxygen pressure at 50% hemoglobin oxygen saturation) in whole blood increased as the concentration of RSR-4 increased. Tc-SO2 decreased as whole-blood affinity (1/P50) decreased. There was no positive correlation between Tc-SO2 and PaO2. We concluded that a decrease in hemoglobin oxygen affinity following RSR-4 administration reduced arterial oxygen saturation. This decrease in the presence of an allosteric effector such as RSR-4 in vivo can be detected and monitored as a reduction in Tc-SO2.
Partial pressure
Saturation (graph theory)
Oxygen Saturation
Oxygen transport
Arterial blood
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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to use PCT spectroscopy scanner to monitor the hemoglobin concentration and oxygen saturation change of living mouse by imaging the artery and veins in a mouse tail. Materials and Methods: One mouse tail was scanned using the PCT small animal scanner at the isosbestic wavelength (796nm) to obtain its hemoglobin concentration. Immediately after the scan, the mouse was euthanized and its blood was extracted from the heart. The true hemoglobin concentration was measured using a co-oximeter. Reconstruction correction algorithm to compensate the acoustic signal loss due to the existence of bone structure in the mouse tail was developed. After the correction, the hemoglobin concentration was calculated from the PCT images and compared with co-oximeter result. Next, one mouse were immobilized in the PCT scanner. Gas with different concentrations of oxygen was given to mouse to change the oxygen saturation. PCT tail vessel spectroscopy scans were performed 15 minutes after the introduction of gas. The oxygen saturation values were then calculated to monitor the oxygen saturation change of mouse. Results: The systematic error for hemoglobin concentration measurement was less than 5% based on preliminary analysis. Same correction technique was used for oxygen saturation calculation. After correction, the oxygen saturation level change matches the oxygen volume ratio change of the introduced gas. Conclusion: This living mouse tail experiment has shown that NIR PCT-spectroscopy can be used to monitor the oxygen saturation status in living small animals.
Saturation (graph theory)
Oxygen Saturation
Limiting oxygen concentration
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