Synthesis of iso-amyl acetate using ammonium ceric sulfate as catalyst
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Iso-amyl acetate was synthesized with ammonium ceric sulfate as catalyst using partially neutralized acetic acid and iso-amyl alcohol.The influence of molar ratio of iso-amyl alcohol to acetic acid,catalyst,the reaction time was discussed.The results show ammonium ceric sulfate is an excellent catalyst.The yield of iso-amyl acetate could reach 91.4% under the molar ratio of iso-amyl alcohol to acetic acid of 1.8∶1,ammonium ceric sulfate 1.5 g,the reaction time of 3.0 h.Keywords:
Ammonium sulfate
Molar ratio
Ceric ammonium nitrate
Butyl acetate
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In the presence of acetic acid and polyethylene glycol,salicylaldehyde reacted with ceric ammonium nitrate to from 3-nitrosalicyaldehyde.The optimal reaction conditions were: n(salicylaldehyde)∶n(ceric ammonium nitrate)∶n(PEG-400)=1∶1∶0.056,reaction temperature of 40 ℃ and reaction time of 1.6 h.The yield of 3-nitrosalicyaldehyde was 76.6%.The catalyst could be reutilized up to five times with little decrease in activity.
Ceric ammonium nitrate
Salicylaldehyde
Ammonium nitrate
Phase-transfer catalyst
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Isoamyl butyrate was synthesized by using ceric sulfate as the catalyst.Many effects were investigated such as amount of catalyst,reaction time,molar ratio of alcohol to acid and repeat use.Experimental results showed that it was the efficient and environmental friendly catalyst.
Molar ratio
Isoamyl alcohol
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Objective To study the catalytic activity of ceric sulfate in the synthesis of butyl acetate.Methods Acetic acid and 1-butanol were reacted to form butyl acetate with ceric sulfate as the catalyst.The investigated factors of the yield included the amount of the catalyst,reaction time,molar ratio of alcohol to acid and repeated uses of the catalyst.Results Experimental results showed that the catalyst was high activity and could be used repeatedly.Under the best condition the yield could reach 84.7%.Conclusion Ceric sulfate is an excellent catalyst in thesynthesis of butyl acetate.
Butyl acetate
Molar ratio
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To study the catalytic activity of ceric sulfate in synthesizing amyl butyrate.Butyric acid and 1-pentanol reacted to form amyl butyrate by using ceric sulfate as the catalyst.The investigated effects inclueded amount of the catalyst,reaction time,molar ratio of alcohol to acid and repeated uses.Experimental results showed that the catalyst was efficient and environmental friendly.Under the best conditions its yield could reach 86.1%.Ceric sulfate is an excellent catalyst for synthesis of amyl butyrate.
Molar ratio
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By using ceric sulfate as the catalyst,acetic acid and iso-amyl alcohol reacted to form isoamyl acetate.Experimental results showed that it was the efficient,economic and environmental friendly catalyst.Under the best conditions its yield could reach 81.2%.
Isoamyl alcohol
Isoamyl acetate
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Iso-amyl acetate was synthetized from acetic acid and iso-amyl alcohol, using ferric chloride supported activated carbon as the catalyst. The influences of reaction conditions on the esterification rate were investigated . The optimum reaction condition were obtained as follows: 0.1 mol acetic acid, iso-amyl-alcohol-to-acetic acid molar ratio=1.5, m(catalyst)=1.0 g,m(water-carrying reagent toluene)=15 mL, reaction temperature 110-118 ℃, reaction time 2.5 h. Esterification rate of over 90% was attained.
Molar ratio
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The esterification reaction of propionic acid and benzyl alcohol was studied with crystal ceric sulfate as a catalyst. The effects of reaction time, amount of catalyst, alcohol/acid molar ratio on the yield were investigated. Under the optimum reaction conditions the yield can be over 85%.
Benzyl alcohol
Molar ratio
Reaction conditions
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Isoamyl hexanoate has been synthesized by using ceric sulfate as catalyst.The optimized condition are follow: the weight of catalyst is 1.0g,the mole ratio of alcohol to acid is 1.8:1.0,the reaction time is 2.0h and the taking water reagent(cyclohexane) was 15mL,The esterification yield is 97.2%.The catalyst could be isolated from other matters and repetition use.
Ethyl hexanoate
Isoamyl alcohol
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n-Butyl acetate was synthesized from acetic acid and butanol using ceric sulfate catalyst.The results indicated that ceric sulfate catalyst featured higher activity,simplicity in operation,lower cost and reusability.n-Butyl acetate yield of 87.8% was obtained under optimal reaction condition as follows:n(acetic acid)∶ n(butanol)=1.7∶1,catalyst dosage 0.6 g,reaction time 50 min.
Butyl acetate
Reusability
Reaction conditions
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Acetate is synthesized with isoamyl alcohol to produce isoamyl acetate with ferric sulfate as catalyst.The affects of molar ratio of acetic acid to iso-amyl alcohol,catalyst amount and reaction time of the reaction are investigated.The experiment results show ferric sulfate is a good catalyst for synthesizing isoamyl acetate.The optimal conditions are found as follows:molar ratio of acetic acid to iso-amyl alcohol is 1:1.3(amount of acetic acid is 0.1mol),the weight of catalyst is 0.9g,the deaquation reagent is cyclohexane and reaction time is 1h,the yield of the ethyl oleate can be up to 96.69%.
Isoamyl alcohol
Isoamyl acetate
Molar ratio
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