Research progress and evaluation method of "gas-wetting"
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Wettability is a tendency for one fluid to spread on or adhere to a solid surface in the presence of other immiscible fluids.The can improve gas recovery of condensate reservoir,its mechanism is by altering the wettability of wellbore region from liquid-wetting to gas-wetting to improve the gas recovery.Also studies some methods of wettability,such as contact-angle method,the Amott method and USBM method,analyzes the characteristic of these methods,and proposes several quantitative methods for gas-wetting,finally summarizes the development trend of the gas-wetting.Keywords:
Wellbore
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Hysteresis
Wetting transition
Particle (ecology)
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Balance Test
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The preferential attraction of fluid on the rock surfaces, known as wettability, has serious implication because of their impact on multi phase flow in the rock hence the recovery efficiency of petroleum reservoirs. However, the prediction of wetting and the mechanisms of wettability changes during the production are difficult because of the complex chemical composition of the crude oil and the formation brine as well as the interaction with the minerals very close to the rock surface. To understand these mechanisms one needs to investigate the interactions that take place between crude oil, brine and rock surfaces. The objective of this work is to present the results of developed model based on the rock/fluids interactions for the prediction of the wettability state in a solid/brine/crude oil system. In this model, a three-dimensional (3D) adhesion map and surface wettability are related to the film stability through disjoining pressure isotherm of the wetting phase film separating the solid and nonwetting phase. Besides, the mechanism of wetting changes and predominant surface forces is diagnosed through disjoining pressure. This model is especially designed to predict the wettability and its alteration for the tight rocks, which is seldom to be done through the laboratory measurements.
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This chapter contains sections titled: Young's equation The contact angle Derivation The line tension Complete wetting Important wetting geometries Capillary rise Particles in the liquid–gas interface Network of fibres Measurement of the contact angle Experimental methods Hysteresis in contact angle measurements Surface roughness and heterogeneity Theoretical aspects of contact angle phenomena Dynamics of wetting and dewetting Wetting Dewetting Applications Flotation Detergency Microfluidics Adjustable wetting Summary Exercises
Dewetting
Wetting transition
Hysteresis
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The wetting of water on two-phased model material plates, consisting of hydrophilic and hydrophobic phases, has been studied with an emphasis on the effect of relative phase area and phase configuration. The model material plates were prepared from aluminum sheets by arranging the two phases in check and stripe patterns with different pattern unit sizes. The wetting behavior was found to be best characterized by the advancing contact angle and capillary rise. It is shown also that the wetting behavior depends both on the phase fraction and phase pattern. In some cases, pulse type wetting was observed depending on model plate pattern and immersion rate. Dynamic analysis rather than static analysis has been more useful in evaluating the wetting behavior of multiphase materials.
Wetting transition
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A drop of rain falling on a surface, such as the car’s window or the palm of your hand, tends to spread over the surface and even hang onto it. But there are materials, such as the leaf of the lotus flower, from which a drop of water will roll down to the ground as an almost perfect sphere, while cleaning the material of dust particles and other pollutions. In this article, we will investigate what influences the tendency of different materials to be wetted to different extents, and how can we design and produce such materials in the lab.
Falling (accident)
Hang
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Line (geometry)
Wetting transition
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