[Studies on susceptibility of Pomacea canaliculata of different developmental stages to infection with Angiostrongylus cantonensis].
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OBJECTIVE To study the susceptibility of Pomacea canaliculata of different developmental stages to Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection.P. canaliculata snails breeding at laboratory were divided into four rank (I-IV) according to the weight, and infected with the first stage larvae of A. cantonensis from Fujian Province. Their mortality, infection rate, worm burden, and the size, development and distribution of larvae in snails were examined.Snails at different developmental stages were readily infected with A. cantonensis. The infection rate was between 76% and 100%, with no significant difference among the groups (P>0.05). Snails at earlier developmental stage showed higher mortality. The heaviest worm burden and the largest number of snails harboring more than 100 larvae were found in snails of rank III. In general the larvae in snails showed a synchronous development in the groups. Sizes of the third stage larvae in snails of various ranks were homogeneous. The period before the third stage larva emergence and the time for a peak percentage of the larvae exhibited no significant difference among the four ranks. The larvae widely distributed in various parts of snails, with more in the lung and foot, and larvae from snails of different ranks could all infect rats successfully.P. canaliculata of the four ranks can all be infected by the first stage larvae of A. cantonensis. Rank III snails may be better for studying the relationship between P. canaliculata and A. cantonensis. The potential role of young snails in angiostrongyliasis transmission should be recognized.Keywords:
Pomacea canaliculata
Angiostrongyliasis
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Objective To investigate Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection in Pomacea canaliculata in Guangzhou and other six districts. Methods 174 Pomacea canaliculata samples were artificially digested and examined for the Angiostrongylus cantonensis larvae. Results The infection rates of Pomacea canaliculata in Huadu,Xingning, Yuexiu,Huazhou,Jiaoling and Maoming were 25.0%,24.2%,23.1%,18.5%,14.3% and 13.3%,respectively. Conclusion Huadu,Xingning,Yuexiu,Huazhou,Jiaoling and Maoming were the natural epidemic foci of Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection.
Pomacea canaliculata
Angiostrongyliasis
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To compare the compatibility of three species of freshwater snails, Pomacea canaliculata, Cipangopaludina chinensis, Bellamy a aeruginosa, with Angiostrongylus cantonensis.The snails were infected by the first-stage larvae of A. cantonensis under the same conditions. Twenty snails of each species were randomly sampled after exposed to the larvae for 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 hours, respectively. Each group was placed into an aquarium. Each species with same number was established as control. All the aquaria were equipped with a filter, the water temperature was kept at (24 +/- 1) degrees C. In the first two weeks, the number of death was recorded. Later, the snails were successively examined to record the weight and worm burden of each snail.Some snails were dead which mainly happened in the first week postinfection. The death rate and infection rate were not associated with exposure time and snail species. Worm burden of P. canaliculata was significantly higher than the other two species, however, the worm density of P. canaliculata and B. aeruginosa was not significantly different but higher than that of C. chinensis. The worm burden and worm density of P. canaliculata and B. aeruginosa, respectively, were significantly different among five exposure-time groups, but that of C. chinensis was not.All the three snail species show a high compatibility with A. cantoneasis. In general, the compatibility of P. canaliculata is superior to the other two species.
Pomacea canaliculata
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Objective To investigate infection of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Pomacea canaliculata in Beijing.Methods 47 Pomacea canaliculata samples were collected from aquatic product markets in Beijing.Collected samples were digested with pepsin and larvae of Angiostrongylus cantonensis were detected from obtained precipitate.Results First-stage or second-stage Angiostrongylus cantonensis larvae had been detected from 9 Pomacea canaliculata samples.The infection rate was about 19.15%.Conclusion Some Pomacea canaliculata for sale in aquatic markets of Beijing had been infected by Angiostrongylus cantonensis.
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Objective To learn more about the natural infection rate of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Achatina fulica and Ampullaria gigas from countryside of Lianjiang District of Guangdong Province. Methods With the digestion method, the achatina fulica and ampullaria gigas were transacted from the district, then infective larvae from the snails were used to infect rats. Results 388 of achatina fulica and 296 of ampullaria gigas were examined. Their infective rate of angiostrongylus cantonensis were 24.0% and 8.1%, their infectiosity being 1～218 and 1～8 respectively. Adults of angiostrongylus cantonensis were seen in all infected rats. Conclusions There are infection of angiostrongylus cantonensis in ampullaria gigas from countryside of Lianjiang District of Guangdong Province, but achatina fulica may play a major role in transmission of the parasite in the place now.
Achatina
Angiostrongyliasis
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In the foci of angiostrongylus cantonensis in Sanming,we collected 962 aquatic snails gastropoda(including 312 pomacca lineata spix),18 samples of mouse feces and 1 amphioxus in total.The infection rate of pomacca lineata spix was 18.27 percent,and the infection rate of mouse feces was 22.22 percent.Amphioxus and other aquatic snails weren't found to be infected.The result of the investigation shows that Sanming city is a foci of angiostrongylus cantonensis,pomacca lineata spix is one of the important intermediate host.
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Objective To understand yearly dynamic changes of the natural infection rate of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in snail Achatina fulica from Jiangmen City of Guangdong Province.Methods The snails Achatina fulica collected from the district were digested with artificial stomach fluid,then the third stage larvae of Angiostrongylus cantonensis from the snails were counted under microscope.Results Totally 1,127 of snail Achatina fulica were examined in three years.Their average infective rate of Angiostrongylus cantonensis was about 41.26%,their average infectiosity per positive snail was 53.42.The infective rates of Angiostrongylus cantonensis of the snails in October of the years 2006,2007 and 2008 were 41.94%,51.30%,and 33.07% respectively.On the other hand,the infective rates of the snails Achatina fulica in October and December of the year 2006 were 41.94% and 38.20% respectively.Conclusions There are yearly changes on the natural infection rate of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in snail Achatina fulica from Jiangmen City,and the infection rates of the snail in different months of one year may be distinct too.
Achatina
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Survey of natural infectious status of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in edible snails in Shenzhen City
Objective To understand the natural infectious status of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in edible snail sampled from market in Shenzhen. Methods 258 snail sample of 6 species were digested by false gastric juice and Angiostrongylus cantonensis grub were separated and detected under microscope. The natural infection rate and infectious intention were calculated. Results Among the 6 species of snail samples, Angiostrongylus cantonensis was only found in Pila gigas and Babyloni areolata with the natural infection rate of 40.7% and 37.7% respectively. Average infectiosity was 32.53 grub per snail. Conclusion It is possible that Angiostrongylus cantonensis be epidemic in Shenzhen through edible snail, especially through the intermediate host of Pila gigas and Babyloni areolata.
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Abstract Angiostrongylus cantonensis is primarily considered an emerging infectious agent of eosinophilic meningitis or meningoencephalitis with a worldwide distribution. Rodents and snails are important invasive hosts for transmission and expansion of A. cantonensis . The objective of this study was to investigate infection levels of A. cantonensis in snails, the most important natural intermediate host. Our study location was Mueang Kamphaeng Phet district, Kamphaeng Phet Province, and was undertaken between October and December 2012. A total of 2228 freshwater and terrestrial snails were collected, comprising 1119 Filopaludina spp., 409 Pomacea caniculata , 275 Achatina fulica and 425 Cryptozona siamensis . Angiostrongylus larvae were isolated by artificial digestion methods following Baermann's techniques. A low prevalence and intensity of A. cantonensis were observed in A. fulica, while higher numbers were found in C. siamensis . None of the Filopaludina spp. and Pomacea caniculata were infected with A. cantonensis . Molecular characterization was performed by analysing the 264 bp of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI). Three COI sequences of Angiostrongylus were identical to A. cantonensis with 91–99% identity. Cryptozona siamensis has not previously been recorded as an intermediate host for A. cantonensis in Thailand. The infection of A. cantonensis identified in the natural intermediate hosts is new and important information to assist in the prevention and control of human angiostrongyliasis.
Lungworm
Angiostrongyliasis
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Our previous research showed based on the characteristics of its external shell and its soft part,P.canaliculata could be divided into 3 types: black P.canaliculata,yellow P.canaliculata,and grey P.canaliculata.This study was aimed to analyze the susceptibility for different varieties of P.canaliculata to A.cantonensis,expecting to provide evidence in the treatment of angiostrongyliasis.Low and high doses of A.cantonensis were used to infect the three kinds of P.canaliculata(1000 and 4000 L1 per snail respectively).The results showed that in high dose infection group,the infection rate of yellow P.canaliculata was lower than that of grey ones'(P0.05).Yellow P.canaliculata showed lower susceptibility to A.cantonensis,which was possibly one of the reasons for their superior presence in many parts of China at present.
Pomacea canaliculata
Angiostrongyliasis
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