Characteristics of tidal current dynamic in Lianyungang nearshore area
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Based on the observation of the current at several stations conducted synchronically in winter and summer respectively in Lianyungang nearshore area,we analyze the variation characteristics of tidal current,and the type,motion form,maximum velocity and direction of tidal current with the tidal current elliptic factors calculated by the quasi-harmonic method.The results show that the velocity and duration of flood current and ebb current are different.The tidal current is classified as regular semidiurnal tidal current in shallow water.The tidal current is rectilinear current in the nearshore area.With increasing depth,the rotating flow is apparent,and most directions are counter-clockwise.The variation of the maximum velocity and direction are obvious in different seasons.Keywords:
Tidal current
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Based on the observed data obtained in 2005,the feature of the tidal current and residual current in the offshore area of eastern Jiaonan were analyzed.And a numerical model of the tidal current field was also calculated.The figures of tidal waves,the elliptical parameters,distribution of maximum current speed,and current fields at different times for M2 tidal current are obtained.The calculated results agree well with the observed data,which can on one hand reflect the basic specificities of temporal and spatial distribution of the M2 tidal constituent current field to some extent,and on the other hand offer more information about the hydrodynamic force condition.So the paper would provide a scientific basis for making sea environment protection plans in offshore area of Jiaonan in certain conditions.
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Based on an unstructured grid,finite-volume coastal ocean model(FVCOM),the complete three-dimensional fine-solution equation group of shallow-sea tide is adopted to calculate the tide in Zhanjiang Bay.The equation group consists of tide-control equations and obturating turbulence equations.Using harmonic analysis of the calculated tidal level and current,the distributions of co-tidal lines for M2,S2,K1 and O1 are obtained,with 109 cm,the maximum amplitude of M2,There's two flood and ebb tides in 24 hours,and the maximum speed of flood and ebb tidal current can reach 104 cm·s-1 and 123 cm·s-1,respectively.Through the analysis of M2 and K1 tidal current ellipses,we can know that the flow is reciprocating flow in the near shore area,estuaries and channels.The maximum speed of surface residual current is 30 cm·s-1,and the direction of overall effect of the residual current is toward the outside of the bay.
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With the application of FVCOM(finite volume coast and ocean model),a high resolution of three-dimen-sional tidal model of the seas adjacent to Longkou City was built,and the model results were conformable to the field ob-servations.Based on the calculated tidal level and current,the distributions of co-tidal lines,distributions of tidal character-istic,and distributions of the tidal current ellipses of M2,S2,K1 and O1 were obtained.The results showed that,the main tidal characteristics in the study area were mixed semidiurnal tide;On the north of the Qimu Peninsula the rectilinear current dominated,while in the Longkou Bay the rotary current dominated with both clockwise and anticlockwise directions;the distribution of the maximum possible current velocities was basically the same as that of isobaths,and the maximum possi-ble current velocity was especially higher on the south of Sang Island;the tidal maximum residual current appeared on the west of the Qimu Peninsula,and the residual current velocity there could reach 25 cm/s.These results are very useful for the understanding of the mechanical processes in the seas adjacent to Longkou City.
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Tidal current
Peninsula
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Using split steps finite element method,a twoˉdimensional numerical model of the tidal current in the Beili Bay and adjancent area is constructed.The distribution of tidal wave and tidal current in this area is simulated.The tidal current at different times and the Eulerian residual current are calculated,also the distribution of maximum tidal current speed,the cotidal line,the isoˉamplitude curves and the distribution of tidal current ellipses are given in this paper.
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Tidal Waves
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Based on the ocean current data observed by a moored buoy in the north of the East China Sea for two and a half months,the special structure characteristics of tidal current and the information of the residual current in the observed area were studied using the harmonic analysis method.The results show that it is dominated by the semidiurnal tide in this area.The type of tidal current in the depth less than 40mbelongs to irregular semidiurnal tide,while it belongs to regular semidiurnal tide in the depth more than 40m.The tidal current is dominated by clockwise rotation in this area,and the proportion of the tidal current accounted for the ocean current increases with the depth.There are significant vertical variations in the tidal current ellipses elements.This research work will be helpful for understanding the vertical feature of tidal current in this area and the observed data can be provided to calibrate the ocean model on tidal current.
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Based on the observation data of suspended sediment concentration(SSC),current velocity and direction in Jaozhou Bay,the tidal current characteristics were analyzed by applying the tidal current quasi-harmonic method for short-term data,Combining SSC data,the dynamics relation between SSC and the tidal current was also discussed.The results show that the tidal current in the studied area is classified as regular semidiurnal tidal current.The east component of semidiurnal current is generally stronger than the north one.The tidal current is mainly the rectilinear with Slight rotation of flow.At flood tide,the tidal current is in the direction of west,and at ebb tide,the current is in the direction of east.As the alternation of the flood and ebb tide and the change of velocity,the SSC shows obvious cyclical changes.The peak of SSC corresponds with the characteristics of regular semidiurnal tidal current,and almost every peak of flow corresponds to a peak of SSC.The SSC is related to the tidal current during a tide,and the maximum concentration appears when the current maximum velocity has reached.The velocity and sediment discharge at the entrance of Jiaozhou Bay is largest,and the sediment discharge of the flood tide is larger than that of the ebb tide.The direction of sediment transport is west.
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Based on the tidal current quasi-harmonic method for short-term data,we analyze the tidal current characteristics at three stations anchored in the East China Sea for 25 hours which observed at surface,middle and bottom layers.The harmonic coefficients of O1,K1,M2,S2,M4 and MS4 tidal current constituents are calculated in north and east components.The tidal current elliptic factors are also computed.It is shown that the tidal current in the studied area is classified as regular semidiurnal tidal current.The north component of semidiurnal current is generally stronger than the east one from our results.The semidiurnal current rotates clockwise in our observed area.The ratio of shallow water tidal current constituent to observed current in surface layer and middle layer will be greater than that in the bottom one.This research work will be helpful for further understanding the characters of tidal current in this area,and observed data can be help to calibrate the ocean model on tidal current in the East China Sea.Combined with the synchronous observation of suspended sediment,it will also be useful for illustrating the relation between the tidal current and suspended sediment concentration.
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Harmonic Analysis
China sea
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Mainly based on the new and historical the investigation of the south Gulei No.2 wharf zone,the paper analysis the hydrological characteristics of tidal and residual current in the zone with the statistical and quasi-harmonic analysis.The tidal and residual current spatial and temporal distributions are analyzed.The parameters are obtained by harmonic analysis.Furthermore,the law of tidal and residual current be discussed in the south Gulei No.2 wharf zone,et al,also get the comprehensive understanding of the tidal and residual current in the zone.The results show the dominated tidal current component is M2,the typical semidiurnal reciprocal tide,and the strong tide in Gulei No.2 wharf zone.
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Harmonic Analysis
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In accordance with requirment of the marine environmental impact assessment in the coastal waters, the tidal dynamic finite difference model with the moving boundary was used in modeling tidal current of Pulandian bay. The tidal current structure and the change of space time in this bay have been reappeared. Verified result indicate that the average deference of velocity is -1.52 cm/s and the average deference of direction is -2.5 degree. It meets completely the requirement of the tidal current forecast.
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