ECM1 mRNA and protein expression in breast cancer tissues and its significance
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Objective To investigate the expression and significance of extracellular matrix protein 1(ECM1) in breast cancer tissues at the mRNA and protein levels.To evaluate and compare ECM1 expression by real-time RT-PCR with immunohistochemistry(IHC) as diagnostic aids in breast cancer.Methods ECM1 expression was studied in normal breast tissues and breast cancer using real-time RT-PCR with immunohistochemistry(IHC) .The performance characteristics of ECM1 expression were examined with receiver operating characteristic curves and the resulting area under the curve.Results ECM1 was highly expressed in breast cancer,compared with normal breast tissues,both at the mRNA(P 0.01) and protein(P 0.01) levels.ECM1 expression by real-time RT-PCR and IHC methods was useful in identifying breast cancer(AUC = 0.834 and 0.773,respectively) .Conclusions ECM1 was over-expressed in breast cancer tissues.We confirm that ECM1 expression has potential utility as an independent diagnostic marker for breast cancer.Topics:
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To investigate the expression of HERC4 in human breast cancer tissues and its relationship with the clinicopathological features.RT-qPCR was used to detect mRNA expression of HERC4, and Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were employed to detect protein expression of HERC4 in 67 breast cancer tissues and adjacent breast tissues.The results of RT-qPCR showed a significantly higher mRNA expression of HERC4 in breast cancer tissues than in the adjacent breast tissues (P<0.05). Western blotting demonstrated HERC4 over-expression in breast cancer tissues compared with the adjacent breast tissues (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry revealed HERC4 expression located predominantly in the cell cytoplasm. Positive HERC4 expression was detected in 61.2% of the breast cancer tissues as compared to 19.4% in the adjacent breast tissues, and its expression level was closely correlated with TNM stage and the histological grade (P<0.05).HERC4 is correlated with the tumorigenesis and progression of breast cancer and may serve as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis and also as a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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Objective: To investigate the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) in breast carcinoma tissues and to discuss its relationship with clinical pathological data of breast carcinoma patients. Methods: The tissue microarray for 171 cases of breast carcinoma specimens, 18 adjacent tissues and 20 breast benign lesions were established. Then the expression of SOCS2, ER, PR, cerbB2, p53 and Ki-67 was detected by tissue microarray technique and S-P immunohistochemistry. Results: Positive rates of the SOCS2 protein in the breast carcinoma specimens, adjacent tissues and breast benign lesion were 57. 89% (99/171), 94. 44% (17/18), and 75% (15/20), respectively. The expression of SOCS2 was significantly different in breast carcinoma tissues of different TNM classification, different histological grades, and with or without Ki-67 expression and lymphatic metasrasis(P0. 05). Conclusion: The lower expression of SOCS2 might contribute to oncogenesis of breast carcinoma and poor prognosis.
SOCS2
Breast carcinoma
Tissue microarray
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Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of the human kallikrein gene 8(KLK8) in human breast diseases.Methods We collected 61cases of breast cancer tissue and corresponding neighboring normal tissue,26 cases of breast fibroadenoma tissue were also collected in order to compared with the breast cancer tissue.The expression of KLK8 in breast cancer and neigboring tissues,and breast fibroadenoma and neigboring tissues were evaluated by quantitative real-time RT-PCR(qRT) and Western blotting methods.Results The KLK8 was downregulated in breast cancer tissue and is not found the phenomenon was not noted in fibroadenoma.The downregulation of the KLK8 was associated to primary cancer size,nodal status and tumor staging.Conclusions The KLK8 is downregulated in breast cancer and it could be a favorable tumor biomarker showing a better prognosis.
Breast Fibroadenoma
Clinical Significance
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Purpose:To investigate the relationship between the tumorgenesis,prognosis of human breast carcinoma and the expression of p16 gene and its encoding protein.Methods:Using immunohistochemical approach and in situ hybridization, we detected p16 and its encoding protein level in formalin fixed and paraffin embedded breast tumors, of which 11 were benign and 59 were malignant.Results:The expression of p16 protein is associated with tumorgenesis ( P 0 05). Both the level of p16 mRNA and its product are correlated with lymph nodes metastasis and patient survival ( P 0 05). Moreover, the results of both immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization showed marked correlation.Conclusions:The levels of p16 gene mRNA and its product expression in breast cancer may be an important indicator of prognosis.
Breast carcinoma
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The authors have conducted an immunohistochemical study of the expression of p53 protein in breast cancers. This study based on formalin fixed paraffin embedded specimens using a polyclonal antibody showed that the expression of p53 protein was observed limited to the nuclei of cancer cells in 49 out of 179 cases (27.4%). No significant correlations were observed between the tissue expression of the p53 protein and clinicopathological background factors, PCNA labeling index, and prognosis. Given the above, the expression of mutant-type p53 protein was observed in the breast cancer tissue, and possible involvement of the p53 gene in carcinogenesis was suggested. However, its clinical significance remains unknown and further investigations would be necessary.
P53 protein
Polyclonal antibodies
Clinical Significance
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Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy among females. In this study, we analyzed the expression pattern of a homeobox gene (HOXD10) in human invasive ductal breast cancer tissues and normal tissues. With the ACTB (β-actin) gene as a reference, HOXD10 was detected in 60 breast cancer tissues by using the quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) method with the Relative Expression Software Tool (REST). We found that the HOXD10 expression level was significantly different between cancerous and normal tissues. Downregulation of the HOXD10 gene expression was examined in high-grade samples. Low-grade tissue showed no difference from the control group. HOXD10 expression was reduced in grade II breast carcinoma tissues. This data reveal that misexpression of the HOXD10 gene supports the development and involvement in breast cancer and may serve as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of human ductal invasive breast carcinoma.
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Breast tumor
Atypical Hyperplasia
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Objective To evaluate the feasibility of detecting EGFR mRNA by RT-PCR in peripheral blood of patients with breast cancer,to explore the relationship between EGFR mRNA in peripheral blood and EGFR protein in corresponding tumor tissues and to explore its clinical significance.Methods RT-PCR assay was applied to detect the expression of EGFR mRNA in the peripheral blood of 40 patients with breast cancer, 25 patients with benign breast diseases and 30 healthy donors. Expression of EGFR protein in corresponding tumor tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results EGFR mRNA was expressed in 13 of 40(32.5%) patients with breast cancer,compared with both healthy donors (0%)and benign breast disease patients(0%) (P0.01). On the other hand,expression of EGFR protein in corresponding tumor tissues was detected in 25(62.5%) of 40 breast cancer patients by immunohistochemistry. Patients with high expression grade of EGFR protein displayed high expression rate of EGFR mRNA in peripheral blood as well. The expression of EGFR gene was significantly correlated with clinical stage, histological grading and ER, but had no coincidence with pathologic type, tumor size, lymph node metastasis,PR and HER-2.Conclusion Detection of EGFR mRNA in peripheral blood by RT-PCR may be an effective method of detecting CTCs in breast cancers. It may be used as a prognostic indicator and may also contribute significantly to early diagnosis of micrometastasis,the decision on therapies and evaluation of treatment effect.
Micrometastasis
Grading (engineering)
Clinical Significance
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<i>Objectives:</i> This study assessed the <i>BRCA1</i> gene expression in breast cancer in Kuwait, and compared it with other known prognostic factors for the disease. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> Forty-eight random samples of archival paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissues were studied for <i>BRCA1</i> gene expression. Immunohistochemical method utilizing antibodies against different epitopes on the BRCA1 protein was used to study BRCA1 protein expression. In addition, for 29 patients, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect <i>BRCA1</i> mRNA expression. <i>BRCA1</i> expression was correlated with age, histological type and grade of breast cancer, estrogen and progesterone receptor status, and C-erbB-2 expression. <i>Results:</i> No demonstrable <i>BRCA1</i> mRNA and protein expression was found in 79 and 83% of the breast cancer tissues, respectively. A positive relationship was demonstrated between lack of <i>BRCA1</i> (mRNA and protein) expression and high histological grade, negative estrogen and progesterone receptor status, and overexpression of C-erbB-2 in the breast cancer tissues. <i>Conclusions:</i> The study demonstrated lack of <i>BRCA1</i> gene expression (mRNA and protein) in the majority of breast cancers in Kuwait and confirmed the inverse relationship between <i>BRCA1</i> expression and parameters that determine poor prognosis in breast cancer.
Progesterone receptor
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