An Interesting Specimen of the Fragrant Shield Fern
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Abstract:
The following note attached by the writer to sheet number 7084 of Dr. Jennings' Ontario collection may be of sufficient interest to warrant its publication in the Fern Journal. The fern in question was collected August 19, 1914, on a steep diabase cliff on the south shore of north Ombabika peninsula, Lake Nipigon, Ontario. Dryopteris fragrans (L.) Schott. (7084). This is a very remarkable plant in that it has about 120 (counted as accurately as possible without destroying the planta few did drop off) dead fronds and 10 mature live fruiting fronds-130 in all at the time of its collection. The five other specimens of this species collected on the present expedition show 5, 7, 9, 4, and 6 green fronds respectively, an average of about seven green leaves to the plant including the first plant. Using this figure as the basis of the average annual leaf production, some of these dead fronds are at least 17 years old and the whole plant 18 years old. If it produced 10 fronds annually, they are 12 years old and the whole plant 13 years old. From these figures it seems perfectly reasonable to conclude that the oldest set of dead fronds is at least 15 years old. But this is not all. The rootstock is about 12 centi-Keywords:
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Bracken
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Summary The widespread existence of bracken fern provides evidence that the plant is particularly hardy and well adapted to a variety of environmental conditions. Every part of the plant appears to have several features which ensure not only its continued survival but that it flourishes. This paper highlights the biological features of bracken fern which contribute to its competitive ability in South Australia. Evidence is given of the impact of bracken fern (Pteridium esculentum) [Forst. f] Cockayne [F. Dennstaedtiaceae]) as a competitor on the growth of young radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) plantations in the south-east of South Australia. In addition, these biological features are discussed in relation to their effect on uptake, translocation and effectivensss of herbicides used in bracken control.
Bracken
Pinus radiata
Pteridium aquilinum
Radiata
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Stenochlaena riauensis, a new fern species from Riau, Indonesia is described and illustrated. This species can be distinguished from its most closely related species S. palustris by the position of fertile and sterile pinnae. In the new species, both fertile and sterile pinnae are located on the same frond, the lower part of lamina consisted of sterile pinnae that gradually narrower towards apex forming linear fertile pinnae.Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 22(2): 137-141, 2015 (December)
Frond
Lamina
Sporophyte
Apex (geometry)
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Frond
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Bracken
Pteridium aquilinum
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Abstract The article contains information on the biological reserves of bracken ferns in coniferous forests in the Altai Territory. For the study, 2 zones were taken - the Priobsky pine forest zone and the Salair ridge zone. The predominant types of forests in this area are pine and fir forests. During the study period, the biological and operational reserves of bracken fern and the amount of annual collection in various forest conditions were determined. The studies carried out have shown an extremely uneven distribution of biological, operational and commercial reserves of bracken fern by forest types and individual regions. A possible annual harvest of bracken ferns in different types of forest is recommended, depending on the frequency of harvest in a particular area. Measures for the rational use of biological reserves of bracken fern in the Altai Territory are proposed.
Bracken
Pteridium aquilinum
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Frond
Bracken
Outwash plain
Pteridium aquilinum
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Abstract Poecilips pteridophytae Schedl is the first species of Scolytidae to be found on a fern. It appears to be fairly widely distributed in New Guinea on the tropical bracken fern, Pteridium aquilnum (L.). The association is most probably of recent evolutionary origin. The immature stages are described in the text. Its life history is relatively short, the life cycle raking 2 to 4 mouths, and takes place wholly width the stem of the fern, except for emigrating adults. P . pteridophytae may have considerable economic potential as a biological control agent of bracken fern in countries where it is a pest.
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SYNOPSIS Fronds of the fern Rumohra adiantiformis are picked in the southern Cape forests and exported. Harvested fern rhizomes produce smaller fronds. Recruitment of juvenile plants to a marketable size class, and recovery in frond size of experimentally defoliated fern rhizomes is slow, no net increase in the size of new fronds having been observed over 34 months. Rhizomes extend horizontally 10 mm to 250 mm per year just below the litter layer, and it is possible that this is an adaptation to patchy and low availability of light or nutrients on the forest floor. The fern can respond to fertilisation and is 20 times more productive under nursery conditions than in the wild. Natural R. adiantiformis populations appear unable to maintain their quality when harvested but nursery production of fronds may offer a viable alternative for fern exporters.
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Bracken
Cape
Litter
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The feeding ofhill heifer calves with bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) and dryopteris (Dryopteris juxtaposita) fern @30% w/w of their ration for 24 months resulted in hypoproteinaemia, suppressed humoral immunity, tissue damage and possible initiation of tumor formation. The overall effect of feeding of bracken and dryopteris bas resulted in more or less similar blood biochemical toxicity except for oxidative defense system, which maybe attributed to the composit~onal variation of fern and their toxins.
Bracken
Pteridium aquilinum
Dryopteris
Frond
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