Effect of aerobic exercise and nutrition educationon quality of life and early menopause symptoms:A randomized controlled trial
Mehrnaz AsghariMojgan MirghafourvandSakineh Mohammad‐Alizadeh‐CharandabiJamileh MalakoutiSaharnaz Nedjat
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Abstract:
The aim of the authors in this randomized controlled study was to assess the effect of exercise and nutrition education on quality of life and early menopausal symptoms. This trial was conducted in east Azerbaijan Province, Iran, during the period from 2013 to 2014 with 108 women allocated into one of four groups (n = 27 in each group) by block randomization. The interventions received by the three intervention groups were: nutrition education, aerobic exercise, or exercise plus nutrition education. The control group did not receive any intervention. The Greene and MENQOL menopause symptom scales were completed before and at 8 and 12 weeks after the intervention. The mean Greene score was significantly lower than the control group in the exercise (adjusted mean difference: −5.1) and exercise plus nutrition groups (−8.0) at the end of week 8 and in the nutrition (−4.8), exercise (−8.7), and exercise plus nutrition (−13.2) groups at the end of week 12. Also, the mean MENQOL score was significantly lower than the control group in the exercise (−8.3) and exercise plus nutrition groups (−13.8) at the end of week 8 and in the nutrition (−6.6), exercise (−13.5), and exercise plus nutrition (−22.1) groups at the end of week 12. Nutrition education with aerobic exercise can improve quality of life.Keywords:
Aerobic Exercise
Nutrition Education
Background
Fibromyalgia syndrome, aerobic exercise.Objectives
This study was planned to evaluate the effectiveness of 8 weeks supervised and non-supervised aerobic exercise programs on clinic findings, functional status and quality of life in the patients with fibromyalgia syndrome.Methods
A total of 120 patients who received the diagnosis of fibromyalgia syndrome according to ACR 2010 Fibromyalgia classification criteria were enrolled into the study. Patients were randomised into three groups ;Supervised aerobic exercise group (Group 1, 40 subjects), non-supervised aerobic exercise group (Group 2, 40 subjects), and control group (Group 3, 40 subjects). Fatigue, depression, functional status, physical function, and quality of life of patients were evaluated before and after the treatment. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to assess the fatigue level. The level of depression was evaluated by Zung Depression Scale (ZDS). The evaluation of functional status was performed using Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). The quality of life of patients was investigated by Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). 6-metre walking distance test was used for the assessment of the physical function.Results
After the exercise program, it was observed that there was a statistically significant improvement in both exercise groups for all evaluated parameters (fatigue, depression,functional status, physical function and quality of life), compared to the baseline (p<0.05).When compared with control group, it was found that the improvement in both groups was statistically significant better than control group (p<0.05).The improvement in fatigue,depression, functional status, physical function, and the Physical mobility subgroup of the quality of life was found to be better in supervised exercise group compared to the non-supervised home-based exercise group (p<0.05). As for the patients in the control group, it was observed that there was no improvement in any of the evaluated parameters.Conclusions
In this study it was demonstrated that both supervised and non-supervised aerobic exerciseprograms have positive effects on clinic findings, functional status and quality of life ofpatients with fibromyalgia. However, furtherstudies with a larger sample size and with a longer follow-up period are needed to support the findings of our study about the positive effects of supervised and non-supervisedaerobic exercises.References
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None declaredNottingham Health Profile
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To examine the efficacy of a multidisciplinary non-pharmacological intervention in patients with hand osteoarthritis (OA).Parallel group randomized controlled trial was performed in three participating rheumatology outpatient clinics in the Netherlands. Block randomization was performed using a computer generated permuted block scheme (blocks of four). An independent person randomly assigned 151 participants with clinical hand OA to four sessions of multidisciplinary non-pharmacological treatment, or 30 min education followed by 3 months waiting time. Participants and therapists were not blinded to the assigned intervention. The research assistant who assessed all outcomes was blinded to the assigned intervention. Subscale limitations in activities of the Australian Canadian Osteoarthritis Hand Index (AUSCAN) and OARSI responder criteria (primary outcomes) and secondary outcome measures, were assessed at baseline and 12 weeks. Linear or logistic regression analyses were used, where appropriate, with the outcome as dependent and the intervention group as independent variable. The analyses were adjusted for baseline values.At 3 months no significant and no relevant differences were observed between the experimental (n = 76) and control group (n = 75) in any of the primary or secondary outcome measures. In both groups about one-third of patients were classified as responder.There is insufficient evidence to confirm a clinically relevant treatment effect on the short term, between patients who followed a multidisciplinary treatment program and those who received only written information. Since hand OA causes a range of impairments and limitations in activities, programs with more guidance to formulate and implement individually tailored treatment plans could be probably more effective. Furthermore, more research is needed on the efficacy of single treatment elements. (Dutch Trial Register trial number NTR1191).
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Objectives To compare the effectiveness of an education intervention with or without the addition of the therapeutic alliance to no education intervention in patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain (LBP) and low risk of poor prognosis. Design Randomized controlled trial. Randomization was performed using randomly generated numbers. Methods Two hundred twenty-two patients with nonspecific chronic LBP and low risk of poor prognosis from 2 university physical therapy services in Taubaté, Brazil were randomized into 3 groups: education plus therapeutic alliance, education only, and no education. Primary outcomes were pain (measured with the numeric pain-rating scale) and patient-specific disability (measured with the Patient-Specific Functional Scale), assessed 1 month after randomization. The patients, therapists, and assessors were not blinded due to the nature of the intervention and self-reported outcomes. Results Patients were recruited between November 2015 and February 2017. There was a loss of 17 (7.6%) follow-up assessments at 1 month, 28 (12.6%) at 6 months, and 31 (13.9%) at 12 months after randomization, and intention-to-treat analyses were conducted. There were no significant differences in pain between groups. However, there was a significant improvement in patient-specific disability for the education-plus–therapeutic alliance and education-only groups compared to no education after 1 month (mean difference, −1.41; 95% confidence interval: −2.31, −0.51 and −0.95; 95% confidence interval: −1.85, −0.04, respectively). Conclusion An education intervention did not provide clinically relevant improvements in patient-specific disability and did not influence pain in patients with nonspecific chronic LBP and low risk of poor prognosis. Additionally, there was no difference between interventions with or without emphasis on the therapeutic alliance. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2021;51(8):392–400. Epub 7 May 2021. doi:10.2519/jospt.2021.9636
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Purpose: Chronic lower back pain (LBP) is a major global health concern. Pharmacopuncture has been widely used to treat LBP in Korea; however, randomized clinical trials (RCT) or active control have not been conducted to evaluate its effectiveness. Therefore, this RCT aimed to compare the effectiveness of pharmacopuncture and physical therapy (PT) for the treatment of chronic LBP. Patients and Methods: A two-arm, parallel, and multicenter RCT was conducted at four hospitals of Korean medicine. Participants with chronic LBP were randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio using block randomization to undergo 10 sessions of pharmacopuncture or PT over 5 weeks and followed up for 25 weeks. The numerical rating scale (NRS) and visual analog scale scores of LBP and radiating leg pain and the Oswestry disability index (ODI), 5-level EuroQol-5 dimension (EQ-5D-5L), and the patient global impression of change were recorded at baseline and at 6, 13, and 25 weeks. An intention-to-treat analysis was conducted as the primary analysis using a linear mixed model. Results: One-hundred patients (mean age, 49.27 years; 58 women) were recruited. At 6 weeks after randomization, pharmacopuncture showed statistically superior results compared with PT in LBP (difference in NRS, 1.54; 95% CI, 0.94– 2.13), function (difference in ODI, 4.52%; 95% CI, 0.93– 8.11%), and quality of life (difference in EQ-5D-5L) scores (− 0.05; 95% CI, − 0.08 to − 0.01). This effect persisted for 25 weeks. In the survival analysis for participants with at least a 50% reduction in the NRS scores of LBP during the 182-day follow-up, the pharmacopuncture group showed significantly faster recovery than the PT group (P< 0.001, Log rank test). Conclusion: Pharmacopuncture significantly reduced pain and improved functional outcomes and quality of life in patients with low back pain compared with physical therapy. Based on the findings of this study, pharmacopuncture could be recommended as a treatment for patients with chronic low back pain. Keywords: low back pain, pharmacopuncture, physiotherapy, Oswestry disability index, Roland–Morris disability questionnaire, pragmatic randomized controlled trial
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To determine the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) examining outdoor walking on knee osteoarthritis (KOA) clinical outcomes and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) structural changes.This was a 24-week parallel two-arm pilot RCT in Tasmania, Australia. KOA participants were randomized to either a walking plus usual care group or a usual care control group. The walking group trained 3 days/week. The primary outcome was feasibility assessed by changes being required to the study design, recruitment, randomization, program adherence, safety, and retention. Exploratory outcomes were changes in symptoms, physical performance/activity, and MRI measures.Forty participants (mean age 66 years (SD 1.4) and 60% female) were randomized to walking (n = 24) or usual care (n = 16). Simple randomization resulted in a difference in numbers randomized to the two groups. During the study, class sizes were reduced from 10 to 8 participants to improve supervision, and exclusion criteria were added to facilitate program adherence. In the walking group, total program adherence was 70.0% and retention 70.8% at 24 weeks. The walking group had a higher number of mild adverse events and experienced clinically important improvements in symptoms (e.g., visual analogue scale (VAS) knee pain change in the walking group: - 38.7 mm [95% CI - 47.1 to - 30.3] versus usual care group: 4.3 mm [- 4.9 to 13.4]).This study supports the feasibility of a full-scale RCT given acceptable adherence, retention, randomization, and safety, and recruitment challenges have been identified. Large symptomatic benefits support the clinical usefulness of a subsequent trial.12618001097235. Key Points • This pilot study is the first to investigate the effects of an outdoor walking program on knee osteoarthritis clinical outcomes and MRI joint structure, and it indicates that a full-scale RCT is feasible. • The outdoor walking program (plus usual care) resulted in large improvements in self-reported knee osteoarthritis symptoms compared to usual care alone. • The study identified recruitment challenges, and the manuscript explores these in more details and provides recommendations for future studies.
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Abstract Objective We investigated whether providing participants in an exercise programme with regular feedback on their exercise progress affected their adherence to the programme regimen. Method We conducted a randomized controlled trial. Adult men and women with borderline hypertension and a body mass index ≥ 25.0 were randomized to two intervention groups (groups A and B) and one control group (group C) and were prescribed regular aerobic exercise. During the 12‐week study period, group A was provided with both feedback information on their exercise progress and a health letter, while group B was provided with the health letter only. The main outcome measure was exercise performance, per cent achievement of target exercise level (%) defined as the number of weeks during which the exercise target was reached divided by the number of weeks in the programme. Results were compared using the Kruskal–Wallis test. Results A total of 105 study subjects were randomized into three groups (A, n = 37; B, n = 37 and C, n = 31). Per cent achievement of target exercise level during the 12‐week period was highest in group A (26.5%), followed by groups B (22.9%) and C (17.4%) ( P = 0.36). Subjects who received regular feedback during the exercise programme tended to have higher exercise performance. Conclusions In improving adherence to exercise intervention, the provision of regular feedback to participants in an exercise programme may be an effective intervention.
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Abstract Objective To determine the feasibility of conducting a randomized controlled trial of a 12‐week exercise intervention in children with fibromyalgia (FM) and to explore the effectiveness of aerobic exercise on physical fitness, function, pain, FM symptoms, and quality of life (QOL). Methods FM patients ages 8–18 years were randomized to a 12‐week exercise intervention of either aerobics or qigong. Both groups participated in 3 weekly training sessions. Program adherence and safety were monitored at each session. Data were collected at 3 testing sessions, 2 prior to and 1 after the intervention, and included FM symptoms, function, pain, QOL, and fitness measures. Results Thirty patients participated in the trial. Twenty‐four patients completed the program; 4 patients dropped out prior to training and 2 dropped out of the aerobics program. Better adherence was reported in the aerobics group than in the qigong group (67% versus 61%). Significant improvements in physical function, functional capacity, QOL, and fatigue were observed in the aerobics group. Anaerobic function, tender point count, pain, and symptom severity improved similarly in both groups. Conclusion It is feasible to conduct an exercise intervention trial in children with FM. Children with FM tolerate moderate‐intensity exercise without exacerbation of their disease. Significant improvements in physical function, FM symptoms, QOL, and pain were demonstrated in both exercise groups; the aerobics group performed better in several measures compared with the qigong group. Future studies may need larger sample sizes to confirm clinical improvement and to detect differences in fitness in childhood FM.
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