Evaluation of BACTEC 460 TB System for Measurement of In Vitro Anti-Mycobacterium leprae Activity of Various Antimicrobials
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諸種抗菌剤のin vitro抗M. leprae活性をBACTEC460 TB Systemを用いて測定した。本システムは,7H12B液体培地中に含まれる[14C]パルミチン酸から菌の増殖あるいは代謝によって産生される14CO2を測定し,被検菌のGrowth Index (0～999)を求めるものであるが,この培地中へのclofazimine, KRM-1648, rifabutin, clarithromycin及びrifampicinの添加により薬剤非添加対照におけるGrowth Indexに比べ85～98%と高度の抑制がみられた。また,sparfloxacin, minocycline, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, fleroxacin及びDDSでは21～48%と中程度の阻害作用が認められたが,他方amikacin, pipemidic acid, piromidic acid, enoxacin及びnorfloxacinにはそのような抗菌活性はみられなかった。BACTEC法で測定されたこれら薬剤のin vitro抗M. leprae活性は,マウスfoot pad感染モデル系を用いて判定されたin vivo抗らい活性と極めてよく相関することから,本システムは,諸種抗菌剤の抗M. leprae活性のスクリーニングに有用であると思われる。Keywords:
Clofazimine
Rifabutin
Pefloxacin
Fleroxacin
Mycobacterium leprae
Sparfloxacin
Enoxacin
Amikacin
Pefloxacin
Enoxacin
Fleroxacin
Lomefloxacin
Quinolone
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Three dimensional fluorescence spectrum combined with two kinds of second-order calibration algorithms with physical separation partially substituted by mathematical separation was developed for simultaneous quantitative determination of Fleroxacin(FLE),Pefloxacin(PEF) and Enoxacin(ENO) in milk.The proposed method can perform simultaneous quantitative determination of interesting analytes in the presence of milk interference without separating the three kinds of quinolones,and the operation process is simple and has high sensitivity and selectivity and satisfactory prediction results.AATLD(Alternating asymmetric trilinear decomposition) analysis result showed that the average recoveries of Fleroxacin(FLE),Pefloxacin(PEF) and enoxacin(ENO) are(97.87±4.91)%,(97.55±5.45)% and(102.13±5.759)% respectively.
Pefloxacin
Enoxacin
Fleroxacin
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Aim To investigate the mechanism of this interaction between cyclosporine A and 10 fluoroquinolones.Methods By developing an in vitro system of human Liver microsomes,Cyclosporine A was incubated with human Liver microsomes in the presence of 10 fluoroquinolones.Cyclosporine A were measured by fluorescence polarization immunoassay.Results Norfloxacin,ofloxacin,levofloxacin,sparfloxacin,lomefloxacin,pefloxacin and ciprofloxacin all inhibited the metabolism of cyclosporine A significantly (P0.05).Fleroxacin,rufloxacin and enoxacin caused no inhibition of the metabolism of CsA at comparable concentrations.The sequence of extent of inhibition was:lomefloxacinofloxacinsparfloxacinlevofloxacinciprofloxacinpefloxacinnorfloxacinfleroxacinenoxacinrufloxacin.These in vitro data no completely correlate with the clinical interaction described for these fluoroquinolones and CsA.Conclusion Some fluoroquinolones are potent and selective inhibitors of specific isozymes of human cytochrome P 450 that are responsible for CsA metabolism.
Lomefloxacin
Pefloxacin
Sparfloxacin
Enoxacin
Fleroxacin
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Lomefloxacin
Pefloxacin
Enoxacin
Fleroxacin
Bovine serum albumin
Binding constant
Serum Albumin
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Lomefloxacin
Pefloxacin
Fleroxacin
Enoxacin
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Pefloxacin
Enoxacin
Fleroxacin
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Lomefloxacin
Sparfloxacin
Fleroxacin
Enoxacin
Pefloxacin
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No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Abstracts: Urinary Tract Infection1 Jan 1999In Vitro Activity of Enoxacin Versus Ciprofloxacin, Fleroxacin, Lomefloxacin, Ofloxacin, Pefloxacin, and Rubloxacin Against Uropathogens K.G. Naber, M. Well, K. Hollauer, D. Kirchbauer, and W. Witte K.G. NaberK.G. Naber More articles by this author , M. WellM. Well More articles by this author , K. HollauerK. Hollauer More articles by this author , D. KirchbauerD. Kirchbauer More articles by this author , and W. WitteW. Witte More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62183-9AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "In Vitro Activity of Enoxacin Versus Ciprofloxacin, Fleroxacin, Lomefloxacin, Ofloxacin, Pefloxacin, and Rubloxacin Against Uropathogens." The Journal of Urology, 161(1), p. 372 Urologic Clinic, St. Elisabeth Hospital, Straubing and Robert Koch Institute, Wernigerode, Germany© 1999 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 161Issue 1January 1999Page: 372 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1999 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information K.G. Naber More articles by this author M. Well More articles by this author K. Hollauer More articles by this author D. Kirchbauer More articles by this author W. Witte More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
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OBJECTIVE To establish an ion pair-HPLC with fast separation and determination of enoxacin,ciprofloxacin,fleroxacin,norfloxacin and sparfloxacin.METHODS Hypersil ODS2 collumn(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm) was used with 11 mmol·L-1 tetrabutylammonium bromide solution(0.5%triethylamine)-acetonitrile(96:4) pH4.2 used by acetic acid as the mobile phase with a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1 and UV wavelength was set at 280 nm.RESULTS Five fluoroquinolones have been separated completely in 20 minutes.The linear range of enoxacin and norfloxacin was 4-100 g·mL-1,for ciprofloxacin and fleroxacin it was 5-90 g·mL-1,for sparfloxacin it was 8-100 μg·mL-1(r 0.999 4).The detection limit of enoxacin and norfloxacin was 0.8 μg·mL-1,for ciprofloxacin it was 1.0 μg·mL-1,for fleroxacin it was 0.9 μg·mL-1,for sparfloxacin it was 1.2 μg·mL-1.CONCLUSION The method is simple,rapid,accurate and reproducible.
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Enoxacin
Sparfloxacin
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Gatifloxacin
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Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of enoxacin, ciprofloxacin, fleroxacin, lomefloxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin and rufloxacin were determined against 400 uropathogens cultured from the urine of patients with complicated and/or hospital-acquired urinary tract infections (UTI) using an agar dilution method. The bacterial spectrum consisted of Enterobacteriaceae (34.5%), enterococci (31.5%), staphylococci (21.2%) and non-fermenting bacteria (12.8%). Enoxacin inhibited all but one strain <i>(Enterobacter cloacae)</i> of Enterobacteriaceae up to an MIC of 1 mg/l (MIC<sub>90</sub> 0.25 mg/l). Regarding the total bacterial spectrum, enoxacin inhibited 54.5, 59.5, 76.0 and 83.8% up to an MIC of 1, 2, 4 and 8 mg/l, respectively. If the same breakpoint of resistance for ofloxacin according to DIN 58 940 (NCCLS), i.e. MIC ≥4 mg/l (≥8 mg/l), is also taken for the other fluoroquinolones, and the 126 strains of enterococci are excluded, for which alternative agents, e.g. aminopenicillins, should be considered instead, the following resistance rates were found: ciprofloxacin and enoxacin 15.3% (15.0%), ofloxacin 17.2% (15.3%), pefloxacin 18.2% (15.3%), fleroxacin 19.3% (15.3%), lomefloxacin 19.7% (17.9%) and rufloxacin 31.8% (27.4%). According to their in vitro activity, all fluoroquinolones tested besides rufloxacin show similar rates of resistance against uropathogens and can therefore be considered good alternative agents for the treatment of complicated UTI.
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