Globalization: Toward a New Framework for Public Health
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Global Health
Abstract Background Global health education has attracted significant attention in recent years from academic institutions in developed countries. In India however, a recent analysis found that delivery of global health education is fragmented and called for academic institutions to work towards closing the developing country/developed country dichotomy. Our study explored the understanding of global health in the Indian setting and opportunities for development of a global health education framework in Indian public health institutions. Methods The study involved semi-structured interviews with staff of Indian public health institutes and other key stakeholders in global health in India. The interview questions covered participants’ interpretation of global health and their opinion about global health education in India. Thematic analysis was conducted. A theoretical framework developed by Smith and Shiffman to explain political priority for global health initiatives was adapted to guide our analysis to explore development of global health education in Indian public health institutions. Results A total of 17 semi-structured interviews were completed which involved 12 faculty members from five public health institutes and five stakeholders from national and multilateral organisations. Global health was viewed as the application of public health in real-world setting and at a broader, deeper and transnational scale. The understanding of global health was informed by participants’ exposure to work experiences and interaction with overseas faculty. Most common view about the relationship between global health and public health was that public health has become more global and both are interconnected. Integration of global health education into public health curriculum was supported but there were concerns given public health was still a new discipline in India. Most participants felt that global health competencies are complementary to public health competencies and build on core public health skills. Employability, faculty exposure to global health and ‘sensitisation’ of all stakeholders were key barriers to offering global health education programs. Conclusion Global health as a concept and educational practice is embryonic in India but there is considerable potential to grow in order to ensure that education meets the needs of future practitioners of global health in the context of sustainable development.
Global Health
Thematic Analysis
Biostatistics
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The international scientific community has recently seen a growing debate on global health, and what similarities exist between this, public health and international health. Going through the definitions of global health found in the literature, we will highlight points of contact and differences, and discuss the definition of global health provided by the Italian Network Global Health Education. Finally, we will stress the need to incorporate the global health approach in the training of future medical doctors,in particular public health specialists, with the aim of providing current and future health professionals with the skills to deal with the challenges posed by globalization at the local level.
Global Health
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The article examines the impact of the globalization process on modern Russia as a state and society. On the basis of the works of the classics of sociology, the concept of the globalization process is defined. The origins of globalization, its historical prerequisites, the development of globalization in the world are studied in detail. Using causal analysis, the underlying causes of the globalization process in today's environment are identified. The positive and negative aspects of globalization have been explored. The features of the globalization process in the current conditions have been identified. Based on the analysis, the US leadership role in the spread of globalization is concluded. The role of Russia as an object of globalization, the attitude of Western, primarily American adherents of globalization, is shown. The impact of the globalization process on modern Russian youth and economic, social, moral and other aspects of its existence is analyzed. The impact of globalization on the participation of young people in protest actions of youth public organizations is shown. The conclusion is made about the negative impact of globalization processes on modern Russian youth.
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Global health discipline is of increasing interest for educators and students in public health across the world. Public health education is recently gaining momentum in India, but global health is still at an embryonic stage. Value of students as stakeholders in curriculum development is increasingly recognized but literature about perspectives of public health students regarding global health education is limited. This study aimed to explore Indian public health students' perspectives about global health education and to provide platform for the development of global health education framework for future public health professionals. This study involved a series of focus groups with students and sought to understand perceptions about global health and global health education framework. We recruited public health students at three institutes across India for focus group discussions. Focus groups questions covered current understanding of global health, opinions regarding global health education for public health curriculum and the relevance of global health competency domains for future employment. Recordings were transcribed verbatim and the transcripts were read along with field notes and then analyzed thematically. A total of 36 students participated in four focus groups. There was a general recognition that global health is transnational and that a global outlook is now essential. But there were concerns regarding local and global priorities in public health. Global health was regarded as being wider than public health by some, but others viewed public health being the umbrella term with global health as a specialization. Global health competencies were viewed as a “step up” from the public health competencies but core public health competencies were considered essential. International experiences and use of technology were key themes for delivery of global health education. Employability and career progression for global health graduates were of concern for many participants. This study provides insight into the student perspectives regarding global health education for public health programs in India. Clear direction in terms of curriculum and its utility for career growth and employability as a global health professional needs to be established for global health education in India and other similar settings.
Global Health
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With globalization going ahead quickly, anti-globalization is also surging high since the 1990' s.
The foundation of anti-globalization arises from all kinds of faults and contradictions in the process of globalization.
From the angle of anti-globalization, analysis of negative effections are given on economy, politics, culture and
society in the process of globalization, which will help us get deeper understanding about abuse and developing
tendency of globalization.
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The world has seen unprecedented changes over the last 50 years, with enormous gains in human health and living standards. Global public health has been a part of this transition to an interconnected and interdependent world, evolving from a medically based international health perspective to a global health discipline focusing on the social determinants of health and systems thinking. As we now face global challenges such as climate change, the loss of biodiversity and antimicrobial resistance, global public health needs to be transformed yet again. Public health needs to redefine its focus. To expand the scope beyond the anthropocentric - and to include nature and our planet as subjects and not merely resources for human well-being - is of the essence.
Global Health
Anthropocentrism
Scope (computer science)
Global public good
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Castro has published many profound lectures and opinions about globalization and anti-globalization. He pays close attentions to globalization among the leaders in the Third World, and criticizes the vice of globalization fiercely. It is very important and necessary for us to study Castro's thoughts about globalization and anti-globalization, which help us to deepen the cognition of the essence and limitations of globalization as well as evil consequences imposed on Cuba and other developing countries.
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This paper takes a theoretical examination on issues and concepts ofglobalization. From the study, it is discovered that globalization is like an�old wine� in a new bottle, except that the impact of globalization is moreoverwhelming than before because of advancement in technology,communication and transportation. The study further reveals some of thepros and cons of the practice of globalization. Some of the managementchallenges of globalization include: innovating better strategies to buildcompetitive advantage in a global environment, managing a diverseworkforce among others.
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Anti-globalization, an important and complicated phenomenon in the world, has tremendous effect on global economy and politics. To have an advisable recognition of globalization, it is significant to have an overall view of the positive and negative influences of globalization from the perspective of the features, manifestations, and problems of anti-globalization.
Phenomenon
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