Testing the validity of productivity proxy indicators in high altitude Tso Moriri Lake, NW Himalaya (India)
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Systematic seasonal variations in the stable carbon isotopic signature of methane gas occur in the anoxic sediments of Cape Lookout Bight, a lagoonal basin on North Carolina's Outer Banks. Values for the carbon isotope ratio (delta 13C) of methane range from -57.3 per mil during summer to -68.5 per mil during winter in gas bubbles with an average methane content of 95%. The variations are hypothesized to result from changes in the pathways of microbial methane production and cycling of key substrates including acetate and hydrogen. The use of stable isotopic signatures to investigate the global methane cycle through mass balance calculations, involving various sediment and soil biogenic sources, appears to require seasonally averaged data from individual sites.
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CH4 排放和在在稻田和他们的稳定的碳的土壤答案和洪水的溶解 CH4 的集中由稻草申请影响了的同位素的签名在 Jurong 在一个领域实验在 2009 被调查，江苏省，中国。稻草申请在土壤解决方案和洪水增加了 CH4 排放和 CH4 集中。积极季节的关联也在土壤答案在在 CH4 流动和 CH4 集中之间的变化被观察。在处理 WS (使用的稻草) 的季节的全部的 CH4 排放(51.6 g CH4 m2 ) 在处理 CK 比那高是大约 168%( 没有稻草) 。在土壤答案的射出的 CH4 和 CH4 相对开始在在两个处理的 13C 再被充实，然后弄空并且最后充实，当在洪水的 CH4 变得同位素地更重时。碳分别地，在洪水的射出的 CH4 和 CH4 的同位素的签名为两个处理平均约 62 和 45 并且没被稻草的申请显著地影响。然而，稻草申请在显著地在米饭季节的中间期间在 13C 要弄空的土壤答案引起了 CH4，并且吝啬的 13C 值比在 CK (49.9 ) 在 WS (57.5 ) 是更低的。从同位素的数据的计算证明稻草申请增加了 CH4 的部分氧化，不在在二个处理之间的射出的 CH4 的 13C 价值引起重要差别。
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BIOGEOGHAPHIA — val. XIX - 1997 (Pubblicalo il 31 oftobre 1998) (iii effetti delle variazioni climatiche pleistoceniche sulla dinamica dei popolamenti animali e vegelali nella Penisola italiana Quaternary Vegetation landscapes in Piedmont and in the Aosta Valley with particular reference to the Holocene ROSAN NA CARAMIELLO, CONSOLATA SINISCALCO Dipzzrtimemfo di Biologizz Vegetzzle, Universitiz di Torino zziale Mzzztio/i, 25 — 10125 Torino Keywords: Holocene, N-Italy, Palaeobotany, Palynology, Quaternary, Vegetation, W—Alps. SUMMARY Reconstruction oF some Piedmontese plant landscapes during the Quaternary is proposed on the bases of the palaeobotanical data on the Italian side of Western Alps and on the adjoining flatlands. Studies starts with the informations that can be drawn from the Villafranchian typical deposits and the deposits regarded as Villafranchian semu /zzta: these data allow to reconstruction of thermophilous forests and of hydrophilous herbaceous vegetation communities. Data are then referred to the progressive extinction of thermophilous elements based both on palynological and on palaeocarpological data from Upper Pliocene to Lower and Middle Pleistocene and to the beginning of the glaciations. The literature is very poor with regard to the Middle Pleistocene and it is necessary to arrive to the Riss—Wfirm interglacial to have data on vegetation with the presence oha mesophilous deciduous forest, characterised by an absence of archaic entities. Numerous plant landscapes are then proposed for the last interglacial and to the interstadials, both at high and at low altitudes; some are referred to the old Penclt and Bruckner nomenclature, some refer to a more recent division in glacial peaks and interstadials. Literature becomes very rich for the Post—Glacial, For which reconstruction of landscapes is possible and easier than for the previous periods. Particular detail is so far dedicated to the last 13,000 years plant landscapes in Piedmont also comparing our data to the other Central and Eastern Alps observations and to the migration of tree species. Completion of the temporal panorama and quantitative and qualitative correlation of the vegetational data with the changes in the climate will allow the formulation of hypotheses concerning its variations in the decades ahead. Data on recent small temperature swings of the order of 1—1,5 °C have been correlated to relatively rapid altitudinal oscillations of vegetation, especially of the timberline. The concepts of stability of plant communities may be modified by reconsidering the extensive potential of rapid vegetational dynamism. Reconstruction of Piedmontese plant landscapes during the Quaternary is based on consultation of the palaeobotanical studies of the Italian side of the \Western Alps and the adjoining flatlands. The geology of this sector has been the subject of numerous in—depth investigations. Works on vegetation, on the other hand, have been sporadic and frequently confined to specific points. Discussion of the results in the light of the latest chronological knowledge is rare.
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