Analysis on the Architectural Characteristics of Super High Rise Apartments
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At the economical crisis of Korea in 1997, self-determined price for apartment and the revision increasing the ratio of residential area for mixed-use residential building were introduced to activate the construction industry, which causes construction companies to build super high rise apartment discriminative and high class orientated. This study aims to classify the super high rise building which is planned to build or built recently and to analyze the architectural characteristics. The objects are 288 unit households in 26 apartment complexes higher than twenty five story since 1998. As a result, super high rise building comparing with existing apartments were being varied in plan types of main building and unit household and in construction types. As for the plan, the number of walls having opening to outdoor were increased and it is considered that high rise building can take advantage of a view, lighting and sunshine. The location of living room that used to be in the center of unit in existing apartment was moved freely without rule.Keywords:
High rise
Architectural plan
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In the recent years, the design for high-rise residential buildings in Shanghai has been changing in floor plan. It is the transformation in the shape of the house from residential tower-shaped buildings into combined apartment buildings; the transformation in constitution of floor plan, the number of apartment in each floor; the transformation in area and function of each apartment and even in living habits. Studies of the transformation in shape mentioned above were carried out by the morphology methodology. Combined apartment buildings in Shanghai combined together leads to high economic benefit, and the number of floors is up to 34 floors. Auxiliary area which is shared equally to each apartment, accounts for an approximately large portion of a typical floor plan. Each apartment in Shanghai must be added 12-18% of external auxiliary area. The cause and effect of the transformation in the design for high-rise apartment buildings are valuable experiences for other developing metropolitans in China, so as other countries in region.
Floor plan
High rise
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As the apartment complex became one of representative residential facility, changes occur in all phase of a construction phase caused by unexpected situation, uncertain factors and change of project plan. It is essential to implement an appropriate change management regime to reduce change-associated cost and time delay. Studies and research on changes has been focused on very general buildings or specialized buildings. As a result, there are limitations to apply as change factors for apartment complex projects with prior studies. here fore, in this study, it was classified tenement house space to function space configuration to derive the importance of change order factors for each apartment space. This study categorize the functional space in order to analysis the importance factor for private apartment houses change orders. With literature review and case study of private apartment change orders, the change order factors has been used for interview with experts who was involved in private apartment houses. After interviewing with experts, factors for change orders has been selected. The importance level has been fixed by interviewing every participants of private apartment houses with method of AHP(Analytic Hierarch Process). This study indicates the effective change management for private apartment houses with final result of factors and importance on change orders.
Change order
Interview
Facility management
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This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of .
Sustainable Design
High rise
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Constructing high rise buildings is becoming a trend in the current urban scenario. Various tall/ high rise buildings are being constructed due to high cost of urban land. This is also being done mainly to combine various uses like commercial and residential units into one. After the innovation of hybrid building materials, mega structures can now be constructed for heights of more than 100 floors. Structural system of high rise building should be chosen carefully, so that they will be stable enough to resist the major loads due to wind and earthquake forces. The architectural feature and structural systems for existing high rise buildings presently in vogue are studied and analyzed in this research. Top 10 high rises are compared and guidelines framed in this research. The future architects/designers of high rise buildings will find these guidelines useful.
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Until 2030 it is decided to be built 100,000 new homes in Stockholm. The residential building in the area Stadshagen is a project that is an important part of densification in the city. The site is adjacent to a park which also have plans to be new blocks. I have focused on drawing a residential building that is different from the surrounding architecture but follows Stadshagens plans so that the architecture will be able to eventually grow and make an uniform impression.Today, the district contains a large architectural variation. To prevent segregation the production needs to be considered so that it is not only have expensive apartments. The population in Stockholm is growing and it is important that people can afford to live in the city. I have chosen to investigate cost-efficient ways to build new apartments and have chosen to design a building with exterior corridors that creates qualities such as collective terraces.I focus on movement in and around the apartments. The basis of the apartments are generic rooms with at least two doorways. The rooms interact with each other in many different forms. I have endeavored to avoid rooms that limits the use. It should be obvious that the residents could choose different ways to go and ways to meet each room. It should be possible in various ways to upgrade the dwelling in the private and public parts. In all apartments there are sliding doors and windows. In Stadshagen there is 80 percent small apartments and I thought it was important to plan smart apartments of varying sizes to create diversity. The apartments are from two up to four rooms.In contrast to the situation in Stadshagen Stockholm is particularly missing smaller apartments. This is partly due to the group of youth that is growing, and partly because singels are increasing. I had young people in mind when I designed my apartment building. The plan with general rooms with several doorways provide flexibility. The rooms can be used in different ways such as bedrooms, living room or for a lodger. It gives a complexity in a simple geometry around the kitchen and bathroom. Apartment plans runout symbolize my vision of a new way of designing a modern home.The form of the residential building comes from the conditions found at the site above the subway on the site. I have chosen to place the building against a lower existing building and make a distance from neighboring houses that have facades with windows. The street level change two stories from the park. The first two floors are storage, parkings and a public sector with a restaurant that has a patio facing the park. The patio has a staircase that creates accessibility between the street and the park. The residents in the building has its own private courtyard facing the park and a communal roof terrace on one of building bodies.
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Technical improvement and the growth of the Internet environment make the market segmental of the manufacturing industry. These social trends have had an effect on the housing market, and the housing market changed from the supplier-oriented to the consumer-oriented. In recent years the occupants' needs for the apartment is diversified and complicated. But the existing mass housing supply method has many problems. It couldn't satisfy the dwellers' various needs and couldn't reflect overall expected life span either. In order to realize the sustainable building & environment, the research for the open housing system is actively performed. Finally the custom-built apartment which imported the concept of the open housing is constructed. But after running the custom-built apartment, several problems are revealed. Therefore the purpose of this study is to analyze the problems and then suggest the improving methods for a custom-built apartment.
Housing industry
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ApartmentTallinn larger housing estates in apartment associations, building buildingsApartment associations, building in large urban housing estates constitute a large share of the housing supply. Most apartment buildings that are located in housing estates are over 30 years old and, for the most part, only minor refurbishmentRefurbishment work has been carried out on them so far. Common problems for these apartment buildingsApartment buildings are high energy consumption levels and poor indoor climate conditions. Although research has shown that the condition of load-bearing constructions is satisfactory, some problems do exist which are related to the degradation of facades and balconies. When it comes to restoring these buildings, two different approaches have been discussed in Estonia : demolishing the old buildings and replacing them with brand new apartment buildingsApartment buildings; or refurbishing the existing buildings. The vision which prefers the demolitionDemolition ofMoscow demolition of apartment buildings the old apartment buildingsApartment buildings and the construction of new buildings has not been realised in practice thanks to the high costs involved, and also due in part to the apartments being privately owned. The economic and environmental reasons favour an intensive refurbishmentRefurbishment of the existing buildings. The costs involved in such an intensive level of refurbishmentRefurbishment work are approximately three or four times lower than they would be for putting up a brand new apartment buildingApartment buildings. From the environmental aspect, rebuilding is also not particularly reasonable thanks to the much higher energy and carbon footprint involved in the use of new building materials. RefurbishmentRefurbishment has also generated positive effects on the macroeconomic level, as quantified in terms of job creation and tax returns. In practical terms, refurbishmentRefurbishment has been the only feasible solution when it comes to modernising apartment buildingsApartment associations, building.
Carbon Footprint
Consumption
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Army housing apartment is an important part of the security system,among which the small unit apartment is the main body,to enhance the design of small unit apartment research for improving the effectiveness of its safeguard practical significance.With the interpretation of the construction of army housing apartment design contest prize works,it suggests that house in a small unit apartment using a ladder in the form of two layers is of the available comparative advantage such as creating the qualified environment,reducing the construction life-cycle costs,improving indoor comfort.The design of the dwelling should reasonably allocate the space,appropriately increase the share bathroom and kitchen area ratio,and control the size of the living room and bedroom.And the compartment set layout of lobby and bathroom space,the diversity of storage space,the layout of multi-purpose small space,and the centralized layout of tube wells out of house enable the fine design.
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CONTEST
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Free to read on the publishers website Brisbane Australia has been undergoing a growth cycle since 2011, with many new apartment buildings on the skyline. Brisbane City Council’s e-Plan Multiple Dwelling Code unequivocally links the city’s character and identity, and residents’ way of life, to the local subtropical climate and landscape. Performance outcomes for code assessable apartment developments promote cross-ventilation and well-designed private outdoor spaces (for example, balconies) to be achieved by correctly designed fundamental structural controls - orientation, spatial configuration, and shading. A sample of recently-approved 5 – 30 storeys apartment buildings in Brisbane’s inner urban renewal areas was studied for performance under the Code. Spatial-structural architectural data were collected from documents submitted for development approval to Council’s online system. A 65-year-old apartment building recognised as an Australian significant building of the 20th Century was also analysed. The research identified performance gaps between planning policy and actual design. The older building out-performed the new under all criteria. Little diversity in building configurations, spatial characteristics and basic floor layouts was observed. Overall, the approach utilised by developers is producing formulaic apartments that cannot be effectively cross-ventilated and that have extremely limited or no private open space. Developers’ primary interests are to maximise yield and ‘the view’. This paper provides evidence that the planning code is having little effect on key items driven by these aims. These are: compact form (large building volume enclosed by a small facade area) that reduces the extent of external walls available for effective openings; and extensively glazed, unshaded external walls that are compensated for with air-conditioning technology. The quest for views is also compromising the utility of balconies with glazed balustrades diminishing usable, comfortable, private outdoor area. These products are unlikely to meet future market preferences for more authentic innovative place-based buildings and make long-term liveability and sustainability aims difficult to achieve.
Facade
Skyline
Building code
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