Modern Education, Modern Media
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Patient empowerment, in other words letting patients take charge of managing their own illnesses, is fortunately being taken ever more seriously. This is not just reflected in increased patient autonomy and individual maturity; it also improves treatment outcomes in a major way. The efficacy of patient education has already been demonstrated for a variety of indications, including asthma (1), diabetes (2), and other chronic diseases. The merit of the trial by Stefan Viktor Vormfelde and coauthors that appears in this issue of Deutsches Arzteblatt International is to have extended our knowledge that patient education does, in fact, work to the area of therapeutic anticoagulation with phenprocoumon—and to have done so with an innovative, interactive study design that was directly implemented in general practitioners‘ practices (3). Many patients are still being treated with phenprocoumon, and, in view of the current debate about the safety of the newer anticoagulant drugs (4), permanent anticoagulation with phenprocoumon will likely continue to play an important role in patient care (5). Thus, the method of patient education used in this trial will continue to be important.Cite
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An adaptation of the Critical Incident Technique for the evaluation of an online information system is described. 552 users of the National Library of Medicine's MEDLINE database, interviewed by telephone and responding to a highly structured set of open-ended questions, reported 1,158 incidents in which the results of a MEDLINE search was especially helpful (or not helpful) in carrying out professional activities. Systematic analysis of these "critical incidents" produced three comprehensive and detailed views of the purposes and outcomes of MEDLINE searches: (1) why information is sought from MEDLINE; (2) the impact of MEDLINE-derived information on medical decision-making; and (3) the ultimate outcome of having (or not having) the desired information on medical situations prompting a MEDLINE search. Results revealed that MEDLINE is used to satisfy a diversity of medical needs concerning patient care, the progress of biomedical research, the quality of education received by health professionals in training, the safety and effectiveness of health care institutions, the operation of the system of third-party reimbursement, for legal decisions, and for the knowledge of the public.
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Systematic reviews often investigate the effectiveness of interventions for one sex. However, identifying interventions with data presented according to the sex of study participants can be challenging due to suboptimal indexing in bibliographic databases and poor reporting in titles and abstracts. The purposes of this study were to develop a highly sensitive search filter to identify literature relevant to men's health and to assess the performance of a range of sex-specific search terms used individually and in various combinations. Comprehensive electronic searches were undertaken across a range of databases to inform a series of systematic reviews investigating obesity management for men. The included studies formed a reference standard set. A set of sex-specific search terms, identified from database-specific controlled vocabularies and from natural language used in the titles and abstracts of relevant papers, was investigated in MEDLINE and Embase. Sensitivity, precision, number needed to read (NNR) and percent reduction in results compared to searching without sex-specific terms were calculated. The reference standard set comprised 57 papers in MEDLINE and 63 in Embase. Seven sex-specific search terms were identified. Searching without sex-specific terms returned 31,897 results in MEDLINE and 37,351 in Embase and identified 84% (MEDLINE) and 83% (Embase) of the reference standard sets. The best performing individual sex-specific term achieved 100%/98% sensitivity (MEDLINE/Embase), NNR 544/609 (MEDLINE/Embase) and reduced the number of results by 18%/17% (MEDLINE/Embase), relative to searching without sex-specific terms. The best performing filter, compromising different combinations of controlled vocabulary terms and natural language, achieved higher sensitivity (MEDLINE and Embase 100%), greater reduction in number of results (MEDLINE/Embase 24%/20%) and greater reduction in NNR (MEDLINE/Embase 506/578) than the best performing individual sex-specific term. The proposed MEDLINE and Embase filters achieved high sensitivity and a reduction in the number of search results and NNR, indicating that they are useful tools for efficient, comprehensive literature searching but their performance is partially dependent on the appropriate use of database controlled vocabularies and index terms.
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Depression
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For the first time, the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology published an analysis report of Chinese papers indexed in MEDLINE, which indicates that the Chinese government is paying more and more attention to the role of MEDLINE in the evaluation of scientific research. A total of 4 959 journals are listed in the Lists of Journals Indexed in MEDLINE (2006) published by National Library of Medicine, USA (NLM), of which 95 are published in China (including Hong Kong and Taiwan) and 2 another Chinese periodicals are published abroad. To familiarize MEDLINE to more medical researchers and to help them contribute to the journals indexed in MEDLINE, this article lists the top 10 Chinese medical institution whose published papers were indexed in MEDLINE in 2004 along with the Chinese periodicals indexed in MEDLINE in 2006. And the status of MEDLINE in China is briefly analyzed as well.
Christian ministry
National library
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Sirs, We read with interest the article by Canavan et al.1 where they have analysed the mortality in Crohn’s disease. However, we would like to add some cautionary words. The authors stated that they had performed a meta-analysis and that they searched MEDLINE from 1970 to date. Nonetheless, this meta-analysis was based solely on English articles, thus many non-English trials may have been missed.2 Meanwhile, it has been noted that MEDLINE alone may not be enough for literature searches;3 previous researches assessing different electronic databases have demonstrated that a single search engine does not provide all the pertinent articles, and combining more databases yields greater coverage of possible articles.4 For example, EMBASE provided twice as many citations per search as MEDLINE and provided greater coverage of total retrieved citations.5 Therefore, in an effort of comprehensive search, particularly for performing meta-analysis, a combination of multiple databases searches would yield more articles than MEDLINE alone. So, we have to raise our concern on the comprehensiveness of this meta-analysis. From our experience, a much more comprehensive search should include MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Science Citation Index, Cochrane-controlled Trials Register, the Cochrane Library and certain specialty database. An exhaustive literature search for a systematic review should include almost all of these databases and related grey literature, web searching and hand searching of the high-end journals in the discipline. To summarize, we should gain access to all relevant studies that help us in decision-making for management of our patients and try to avoid only mentioning studies indexed in an electronic database with a language we are most familiar with. We should remember that up-to-date systematic reviews and meta-analyses represent the highest level in the hierarchy of evidence.6 Thus, a more extensive literature search is mandatory before the conclusions in this meta-analysis can be put into clinical practice.
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“百尺飞泉鸣震谷,一声长啸势惊天”。公元1998年 7月,时值农历戊寅虎年,在各级领导的关怀下,在华西 医科大学及华西医科大学附属第一医院的支持下,在我 国著名肺癌专家、德高望重的孙燕院士的领导下,《中 国肺癌杂志》创刊;而十二年后的今天——2010年7月, 同为农历庚寅虎年,经美国National Institutes of Health机 构咨询委员会(The Literature Selection Technical Review Committee, LSTRC)评定,《中国肺癌杂志》正式被 Medline/Pubmed/Index Medicus收录!成为继《癌症》、 《中华肿瘤杂志》后我国被Medline收录的第三本肿瘤学 专业期刊,也是我国唯一一本被Medline收录的肿瘤专病 学术期刊。值此《中国肺癌杂志》被Medline收录之际, 我向本刊的第一任主编孙燕院士,向为本刊的创刊和发 展作出过重要贡献的第一任编辑部主任张世雯女士、第 一届编辑部工作人员李蓓兰、税艳玲女士,向现有编辑 部的所有工作人员,尤其是向为本刊的发展、壮大作出 最重要贡献的历届编委会的专家们以及广大作者和读者 致以衷心的感谢和崇高的敬礼!向长期以来对本刊的发 展给予大力支持的各级领导、本刊的主办单位的领导以 及各级新闻主管部门的领导表示衷心的感谢和崇高的敬 礼!正是得益于他们的支持、关心和帮助,我们才能梦 想成真! P u b m e d 系 统 是 由 美 国 国 立 生 物 技 术 信 息 中 心 (National Center for Biotechnology Information, NCBI)开发 的用于检索Medline、PreMED-LINE数据库的网上检索系 统。Medline是美国国立医学图书馆(U.S. National Library of Medicine, NLM)最重要的书目文摘数据库,内容涉 及医学、护理学、牙科学、兽医学、卫生保健和基础医 学。Medline创始于1966年,收录了全世界70多个国家和 地区的5 000余种生物医学期刊,现有书目文摘条目1 000 万余条。Index Medicus因提供世界生物医学文献的检索 而广为应用,因此,各国的期刊主办者、出版商均希望 自己的期刊被Medline收录。目前,全世界有生物医学 刊物1.3万-1.4万种,所以NLM对刊物的选择非常严格。 为保证收录期刊质量的可靠性,NLM于1988年成立了 LSTRC,专门用于审核期刊、评价其内容,增选新刊, 同时剔除不符合要求的已收录期刊。现该委员会由生物 医学领域的医学家、科学家、教育家、编辑、卫生科学 图书馆学家及医学历史学家等权威人士组成,这些专家 对入选期刊进行严格评估,只有高质量生物医学期刊才 可通过评审入选Medline。 最近五年以来,中文生物医学期刊每年入选Medline 的数量仅为1-2本,而中文肿瘤期刊自2002年《癌症》 被Medline收录以来便无其它同类期刊被收录。此次《中 国肺癌杂志》被Medline/Pubmed数据库收录,是对本刊 整体水平的肯定,也是对中国肺癌基础、临床研究水平 的肯定,更是对中国广大肺癌防治工作者的基础和临床 研究工作的认可,这无疑将为本刊和国内肺癌事业的进 一步发展提供良好的契机。这既是一种荣誉,同时也是 一份鼓励和鞭策。值《中国肺癌杂志》被Medline收录之 际,我对本刊的办刊经验作一小结,并以此作为新的发 展起点,再攀新高峰。 作者单位:300052 天津,天津医科大学总医院,天津市肺癌研究 所,天津市肺癌转移与肿瘤微环境重点实验室(通讯作者:周清华, E-mail: zhouqh1016@yahoo.com.cn)
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Depression
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The recent article by Wilkins et al on EMBASE versus MEDLINE for family medicine searches1 clearly illustrates the importance of searching both databases when a comprehensive search is needed, for example, when writing grant proposals or preparing systematic reviews. College of Family Physicians of Canada members who do not have access to EMBASE should be aware that they can request EMBASE searches from the College’s library service. All members are entitled to five free literature searches per year—searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, or any combination of many databases.
Wilkins et al used Ovid MEDLINE; I usually use PubMed MEDLINE. It is interesting that when the same search strategy Wilkins et al used for their sample search on urinary tract infections is run in PubMed MEDLINE, it yields 73 references, as opposed to the 30 references from the Ovid MEDLINE search. The details appear in Table 1. Seventy-three references retrieved from PubMed MEDLINE compares favourably with the 65 retrieved from EMBASE in Wilkins and colleagues’ article.
Table 1
Sample search using Ovid MEDLINE and PubMed MEDLINE
I believe that a large part of the difference in number of articles retrieved from the two MEDLINE databases is due to the different ways the “therapy” subheading is handled. PubMed explodes the subheading “therapy” as well as the MeSH heading; Ovid MEDLINE does not seem to do this.
I have not made a detailed comparison of Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed MEDLINE, and EMBASE results, and I continue to believe that it is important to search both MEDLINE and EMBASE when doing a comprehensive literature search.
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