Direct Transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi between Individuals of Rhodnius prolixus Stal.
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Experiments were done to test the possibility and frequency of direct transmission of trypanosomes between different stages of Rhodnius prolixus . It was found that direct transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi between individuals of Rhodnius prolixus is not uncommon, and more frequent when the non-infected bugs are hungry. The mechanism of transmission is probably by taking a blood meal from other engorged individuals and by ingestion of feces from infected bugs. No direct transmission of Trypanosoma rangeli between bugs was observed.Keywords:
Rhodnius
Blood meal
Chagas Disease
Journal Article Use of total parasite DNA probes for the direct detection of Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma rangeli in domicilliary Rhodnius prolixus Get access S. Greig, S. Greig 1Department of Immunology, St George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar F. Ashall, F. Ashall 2Depanment of Medical Protozoology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. Hudson L. Hudson 1Department of Immunology, St George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 84, Issue 1, January-February 1990, Pages 59–60, https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(90)90382-O Published: 01 January 1990 Article history Received: 26 April 1989 Accepted: 11 July 1989 Published: 01 January 1990
George (robot)
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Triatoma infestans
Xenodiagnosis
Chagas Disease
Triatominae
Triatoma
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Triatoma
Rhodnius
Chagas Disease
Triatominae
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AbstractUnder experimental conditions first instar nymphs of Rhodnius prolixus frequently ingested blood or haemolymph from fifth instar or adult bugs. Bug-to-bug transmission of Trypanosoma rangeli was demonstrated experimentally, uninfected R. prolixus becoming infected after they had fed on infected donor bugs. The complete life cycle of T. rangeli was observed in R. prolixus in the absence of an infected mammal host when nymphs were artificially fed on salivary fluid containing metacyclic trypanosomes. The term 'hygrokleptism' is proposed to replace previous terms for the taking of blood and/or haemolymph by an unfed bug from another engorged bug.
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SUMMARY Trypanosoma cruzi , causative agent of Chagas disease, co-infects its triatomine vector with its sister species Trypanosoma rangeli , which shares 60% of its antigens with T. cruzi . Additionally, T. rangeli has been observed to be pathogenic in some of its vector species. Although T. cruzi–T. rangeli co-infections are common, their effect on the vector has rarely been investigated. Therefore, we measured the fitness (survival and reproduction) of triatomine species Rhodnius prolixus infected with just T. cruzi , just T. rangeli , or both T. cruzi and T. rangeli . We found that survival (as estimated by survival probability and hazard ratios) was significantly different between treatments, with the T. cruzi treatment group having lower survival than the co-infected treatment. Reproduction and total fitness estimates in the T. cruzi and T. rangeli treatments were significantly lower than in the co-infected and control groups. The T. cruzi and T. rangeli treatment group fitness estimates were not significantly different from each other. Additionally, co-infected insects appeared to tolerate higher doses of parasites than insects with single-species infections. Our results suggest that T. cruzi–T. rangeli co-infection could ameliorate negative effects of single infections of either parasite on R. prolixus and potentially help it to tolerate higher parasite doses.
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Journal Article A trypanosome, indistinguishable from Trypanosoma rangeli, in the haemolymph of Rhodnius domesticus from Brazil Get access T.V. Barrett, T.V. Barrett Organização Pan Americana da Saúde, CP 0133,40 000 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. Silva de Oliveira T. Silva de Oliveira Instituto Nacional de Endemias Rurais, Nucleo de Pesquisas da Bahia da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Brazil Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 71, Issue 5, 1977, Pages 445–446, https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(77)90052-9 Published: 01 January 1977
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Tropical Medicine
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Journal Article Early invasion of Trypanosoma rangeli into the haemolymph of Rhodnius prolixus Get access N. Anez N. Anez Imperial College Field Station, Ashurst Lodge, Ascot, Berks, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 74, Issue 3, 1980, Pages 422–423, https://doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(80)90127-3 Published: 01 January 1980 Article history Accepted: 07 November 1979 Published: 01 January 1980
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Rhodnius
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Rhodnius
Chagas Disease
Xenodiagnosis
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Rhodnius
Chagas Disease
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