Assessing genetic diversity of wild populations of Japanese flounder using AFLP markers
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放大碎片长度多型性(AFLP ) 分析被用来评估日语的四张野地理人口的基因差异挣扎(Paralichthysolivaceus ) 。775 loci 的一个总数(58。哪个中的 32% 个是多态的) 在在 100 和 1300 底之间的范围，对用七教材联合从 110 个个人被检测。多态的 loci 的百分比由单个教材联合检测了因为每张人口是计算的，从 19 。59% ～ 53。33% 。基因类似在以内并且在人口之中从存在的二进制矩阵被计算—缺席。四张人口的种系发生的树被用 PHYLIP 版本 3.5 使用 UPGMA 方法构造。根据 intrapopulation 基因类似， CW 人口显示了有的最高基因的差异价值和 KY 人口最低基因差异价值。在 CW 和 CF 人口之间的距离是最远，它可能与在人口的另外的地点之间的地理距离相比从山东的 Weihai 和中国的福建的最远的距离被结果。潜水艇人口区别价值(G_(st )) 是 0。356 5，在四张地理人口之中显示出区别的某个程度。AFLP 技术被证实是一个有效工具估计在以内 -- 并且在人口之中日语的基因差异挣扎。如果为用日本人的研究的重要卓见挣扎，礼品调查引起节目。Keywords:
UPGMA
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Although gerbils have been widely used in many areas of biological research over many years, there is currently no effective genetic quality control system available.In the present study, we sought to establish a microsatellite marker system for quality control and conducted an optimized analysis of 137 microsatellite loci in two laboratory gerbil populations and one wild population.Independent sample t-tests on the mean effective allele number, mean of Shannon's information index, and mean H E suggested that 28 of the 137 microsatellite markers were informative for gerbil genetic control.Analysis of 4 laboratory gerbil populations and 1 wild population using the 28 microsatellite loci indicated that allele numbers varied from 1.9639 (Guangzhou, GZ) to 6.6071 (North-West wild, NW).The average of H O versus H E was 0.
Gerbil
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Cervus
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从在在中国的一个牛的亚科的四种的六张牛人口的 321 个个人的一个总数用 12 个微卫星标记被学习。基因差异在以内并且在人口之间是计算的。系统树被构造由(δμ) 2 并且 DA 距离，和在人口之间的分叉时间被估计由(δμ) 2。总的来说， 144 微卫星等位基因包括 24 私人等位基因和九分享的等位基因被检测。中国荷兰的一种乳牛有私人等位基因(10 ) 的最大的数字，而， Bohai 黑色和公牛有私人等位基因(2 ) 的最小的数字。中国荷兰的一种乳牛显示出最高基因的可变性。它等位基因(Na ) 的观察数字，等位基因(MNA ) 的吝啬的有效数字，和吝啬的杂合现象(他) 分别地，而，是 7.7500， 4.9722，和 0.7719，公牛和牦牛显示出低基因可变性。在首先组织的系统树， Luxi 和荷兰的一种乳牛，由 Bohai 和 Minnan 列在后面。牦牛下次分叉，公牛从另外的牛人口作为最分叉的人口出现了。Luxi 和 Bohai 被估计 0.039 10.5 万年以前分叉(MYA ) 然而，公牛和荷兰的一种乳牛分叉 0.501 1.337 MYA。牦牛对 Minnan，荷兰的一种乳牛和公牛的分叉时间是 0.136 0.363， 0.273 0.729，和 0.326 0.600 MYA 分别地。
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To assess the genetic status of this species, the genetic diversity of wild Macrobrachium nipponense from seven geographic locations in the Yellow River basin were investigated using 20 polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci. The genetic diversity between populations was indicated by the mean number of alleles per locus and mean observed heterozygosity (H) and the expected H, which was arranged from 2 to 10, from 0.4705 to 0.5731, and from 0.5174 to 0.6146, respectively. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium analysis indicated that a deficiency of heterozygotes existed in all seven populations. Both the F(ST) and AMOVA analyses showed that there is significant difference on population differentiation among populations. The UPGMA clustering tree demonstrated that their close relationship is consistent with their geographic proximity. The data suggest that this Yellow River population has a wide genetic base that is suitable for breeding.
UPGMA
Genetic distance
Genetic divergence
Grayling
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Microsatellite genotyping 和技术经常是的放大碎片长度多型性(AFLP ) 在危及的动物的保存遗传的研究利用了。为保存危及的森林麝香鹿选择一个更有效的标记系统，我们使用了 microsatellite 和 AFLP 标记估计二张人口，纯母亲 Jinfengshan (JFS ) 组和后代的基因差异的层次有新血的介绍的 Baisha (BS ) 组。如果没有新鹿被介绍进 BS，这被假定， JFS 将比 BS 拥有显著地更高的基因可变性，这被期望如果它被假定。结果表明 15 个 microsatellite 标记生产了 141 等位基因和产出的 22 AFLP 教材联合 908 个多态的乐队，显示出那 AFLP 让更高的解决比 microsatellites 驱动。与另外的鹿相比，尽管如此，两个标记系统显示森林麝香鹿包含一基因变化相对高级。15 microsatellite loci 显示基因差异的类似的水平在 JFS 和 BS 人口是在场的，看起来建议新血显然在 BS 提高了基因差异的水平。然而， AFLP 标记的 22 间套房让步了一在 JFS 的基因变化显著地高级与比在 BS，与 microsatellites 的差异模式相对照。鉴于差别尽最大努力这二个标记系统，我们断定那基因基因渗入在 BS 人口是有限的，由 AFLP 标记揭示了。从整个染色体可变性的观点，而且，我们建议 AFLP 标记系统对森林麝香鹿上的保存遗传研究更合适。
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Paralichthys
Olive flounder
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We developed polymorphic microsatellite primers in Castanopsis sclerophylla (Lindley & Paxton) Schottky (Fagaceae), a dominant canopy tree, to provide markers for further studies on the genetic structure and mating system of this species.Ten polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated and successfully amplified in three C. sclerophylla populations (Huangshanjian, Shilin, and Guanmiao) from Chun'an, Zhejiang Province, China. The number of alleles per locus in these populations ranged from 3 to 17. The observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.100-0.977 and 0.294-0.916, respectively.These microsatellite loci displayed moderate or high levels of polymorphism within the examined populations, showing the utility of primers in studying the genetic variation, parentage, and mating system of C. sclerophylla.
Castanopsis
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Inimicus japonicus, the devil stinger, has an extensive distribution along the coast of China, Japan and the Korean Peninsula.Nineteen highly polymorphic microsatellite markers were isolated and characterized in I. japonicus.Twenty-eight individuals from a wild population were tested for polymorphism using this set of polymorphic microsatellite markers.The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 14.The ranges of observed and expected heterozygosity were 0.500-0.892and 0.521-0.910,respectively.Significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were detected at two loci.To the best of our knowledge, these were the first microsatellite loci characterized from the Synanceiidae; they can be used for estimating genetic diversity, population structure studies, parentage analysis, genetic linkage map construction, germplasm classification and identification, gene identification, quantitative trait loci mapping, and marker-assisted selection in breeding of I. japonicus and other species of this family.
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