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Mathematical notation
This review describes Mazur's engaging popularization of an interesting and important topic, the history of mathematical symbols and notation. The reviewer only wishes that some of the history had been done better.
Mathematical notation
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This paper gives a few remarks on the development of mathematical notation and on some of its principal characteristics in its present form. It then gives by way of contrast the main features of APL as a notation. The birthday problem is discussed using APL as a notation, and a defined function is derived from this analysis. Finally, the conversion of functions to programs in other languages is discussed briefly, and a Fortran program for the birthday problem is given as an example.
Mathematical notation
Fortran
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Introduction: Across the world, mathematical expressions are represented very differently in braille. The aim of this study was (1) to gain an overall insight in mathematical braille notations and (2) to investigate how mathematical braille notations support braille readers in reading and comprehending mathematical expressions. Method: Twenty teachers from sixteen countries (thirteen European Union, EU, and three non-EU) were asked to transform 21 mathematical expressions and equations into the mathematical braille notation currently used by their braille readers. Three mathematical expressions were selected, and the transformed expressions in the different braille notations were qualitatively compared at braille and mathematical structure level. Results: The results illustrated that most mathematical braille notations use mathematical structures that either support braille readers in getting an overview of an expression—for example, by announcing the start and end of a fraction—or facilitate communication between braille readers and people who can see. Discussion: The method of comparing transformed expressions at structure level can be extended to other types of mathematical expressions and other mathematical braille notations. Agreement on the structure of different mathematical expressions can be a first step towards a universal mathematical braille notation. Implications for Practitioners: Mathematics teachers should be aware of and use the strengths of the mathematical braille notation and try to compensate for weaknesses of the notation in the support of braille readers.
Braille
Mathematical notation
Expression (computer science)
Language of mathematics
Mathematical problem
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This chapter is about imfil.m and its use. As in the earlier chapters, the notation in the code fragments is different from the mathematical notation in the text. So, for example, the initial iterate in the code is x0 instead of x0 , which is the notation we will use in the text.
Mathematical notation
Code (set theory)
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Chinese mathematical notation and technical terms with special meaning were studied,and then their history and cultural background were introduced.During the underdeveloped period of the world mathematics,the Chinese mathematical notation had made the Chinese classical mathematics on the top of the world.But in the recent mathematics period,one of the reasons of the drawback of Chinese mathematics is the drawback of old mathematical notation.
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The format and notation for writing mathematical expressions is, by necessity, rigidly defined—even minor departures from the accepted conventions can lead to potentially serious misunderstandings. A list of commonly used mathematical signs and symbols is given below, followed by details on how best to write equations.
Mathematical notation
Minor (academic)
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The mathematical models to be considered in this text are based on partial differential equations (PDEs) in d ϵ {1, 2, 3} space dimensions. In this chapter, we introduce the basic mathematical notation that will be employed throughout the book. We also review some useful theorems of vector calculus and the basic definitions of functional analysis.
Mathematical notation
Vector calculus
Differential calculus
Partial derivative
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