List of 348 foxtail millet improved elite varieties collected from eleven provinces.
Guanqing JiaXiaotong LiuCatherine JamesZhengang NiuChunfang WangYuhui LiShujun WangSuying WangJinrong LiuErhu GuoHui ZhiXianmin Diao
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Foxtail
Elite
Setaria
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A composite collection of pearl millet, consisting of 1021 accessions, has been developed
from the world collection of 21,594 pearl millet germpasm held at ICRISAT genebank.
This composite collection consists of 710 landraces, 251 advanced breeding lines, and 60 accessions from the seven wild species. Geographically, 441 accessions belong to Asia,
315 to West Africa, 147 to Southern Africa, 56 each to Eastern and Central Africa, five to
America’s, and one to Europe.
Pennisetum
Germ plasm
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Foxtail
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Identification and Evaluation of Resistance to Dustbrand in Chinese Proso Millet Germplasm Resources
Adopting the method of artificial saturated-inoculation treatment of seeds,6526 landraces of proso millet germplasm resources collected from 14 provinces of China were tested for resistance to dustbrand.Among the samples tested,11 and 574 landraces were highly resistant(HR) and resistant(R) to dustbrand,which make up 0.17% and 8.80% of the total samples in the assesment,respectively.The results of the present study facilitate further research and breeding of dustbrand resistance cultivars in proso millet.
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Identification
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Purpose. To analyze genetic origin of new Myronivka varieties of bread winter wheat and to identify in their pedigree the carriers of germplasm of the varieties bred at Myronivka and samples of the world gene pool. Methods. The search work was carried out on the basis of primary sources (hybridization journals, main books of breeding material and catalogs of varieties) resulted in analysis of pedigrees of 14 bread winter wheat varieties bred at the V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS which have been put on the State Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine during 2014–2018. Results. It was revealed significant diversity of initial forms (56 variety samples from 17 countries) which are traced in the pedigrees of new Myronivka wheat varieties. The largest number among them (18) are Ukrainian, 9 from Russia, 5 from Bulgaria, 4 varieties from Germany, Poland, and the Czech Republic, 3 from Italy and Hungary, 2 from Mexico and CIMMYT, 1 variety from Serbia, Yugoslavia, Tunisia, Colombia, France, Romania, and the USA. It was established that when creating 9 of 14 varieties studied (65 %), collection samples of various ecological and geographical origin were used in crossings both as the maternal component (in the varieties Berehynia myronivska, Balada myronivska, MІP Assol, MІP Dnіprianka, MІP Valensiia, MІP Kniazhna) and the paternal one (Horlytsia myronivska, Oberih Myronivskyi, Hospodynia myronivska). The most of new wheat varieties were created on the basis of germplasm of Myronivka varieties bred in previous years, such as Myronivska 808, Myronivska yuvileina, Myronivska 27, as well as promising lines (Erythrospermum 50713, 50137, 52334, Lutescens 52948, 30125). As for the varieties of foreign breeding, progenies of the Russian variety Bezostaya 1 are the most frequent. 93 % of new varieties have wheat-rye translocation (WRT) 1BL/1RS derived from the German varieties Hadmersleben 6508-74 and Weique. Conclusions. New bread winter wheat varieties are characterized with presence of wheat germplasm from Europe, America and Africa carrying by mainly Ukrainian varieties and their descents of previous years of breeding, which confirms the significant role of the local gene pool. The presence of WRT 1BL/1RS in genotypes of new varieties enhances their adaptive properties during crop formation period under stressful growing conditions.
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Cultivation of Pearl millet and Sorghum in West africa is still mainly traditional. During the past decades, important human and climatic changes have occured in Sahelian countries. In Niger, the cultivated area and human population have doubled in 25 years. Moreover isohyete 400mm has moved down to the south by 200km in the west and by 100km in the east of the country. The impact of this changes on genetic diversity and adaptation of pearl millet and sorghum landraces is still unknown. In this study, we collected again in 2003 pearl millet and sorghum accessions in the same villages that had been sampled in 1976. Evaluation of morphological adaptation is underway. The analysis of genetic diversity of pearl millet landraces has been performed on more than 500 hundred accessions from 1976 and 2003 collections with 26 microsatellite loci. We will present the first results on the changes in genetic diversity of pearl millet landraces over the past 25 years. (Texte integral)
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Foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.] is one of the
world’s oldest cultivated crops. Its domestication and
cultivation is estimated to have occurred over 4000 years
ago (Chang 1968). It was the most important food crop of
the Neolithic culture in China. Foxtail millet ranks second
in the world’s total production of millets and is an important staple food for millions of people in southern Europe and Asia (Marathee 1993). There is wide genetic diversity available in foxtail millet, and characterizing these resources is a prerequisite for the genetic improvement of its cultivars. In this article we report the characterization and classification of foxtail millet germplasm conserved at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)-Patancheru, India.
Foxtail
Setaria
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Staple food
Genetic Resources
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In accordance with record of historical document the history of understanding to millet designation and object,cultivation evolution and breeding in ancient were analysis. It showed that the cultivation history of millet in Shanxi is more than five thousand years at least. Shanxi was one of the main origination place of millet in China.
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Background: Kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum L) is an annual hardy crop grown in India from Kerala and Tamil Nadu in the south, to Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal in the north. It is known to have high drought tolerance and, for its potential to sustain in marginally less fertile soil. The grain has high nutritional properties thus possess medicinal values. Owing to multiple utility factors and sustainable growth rate amidst climate change, makes it an ideal crop for cultivation. In the present study accessions of Kodo millet ((Paspalum scrobiculatum L) from twelve different geographical regions of India were evaluated for quantitative and qualitative traits to determine its growth conditions under varied climatic conditions. Methods: Total of 96 indigenous germplasm were collected across the country and were sown in a breeding farm to grow selectively healthy crops in a randomized block design manner during kharif 2012 and 2013. Observations of quantitative traits were recorded on five arbitrarily selected plants in each replication for different physiological traits. Results: The statistical data revealed significant differences among all the studied accessions. Mainly IC482729 and IC404789 from Tamil Nadu had high biomass, straw yield, and yield per plant. IC396004 from Chhattisgarh showed advantageous performance in earliness with medium plant height. Therefore, the present findings helped in identifying elite germplasm accessions and could be effectively used in the Kodo millet enhancement program.
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Pennisetum
Kharif crop
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