“Gunslinger’s gait”: a new cause of unilaterally reduced arm swing
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Objective To postulate a new possible cause of a unilaterally reduced arm swing in addition to the known medical conditions such as shoulder pathology, Erb’s palsy, stroke, and Parkinson’s disease. Methods Analysis of YouTube videos depicting the gait of highly ranked Russian officials. Results We found a similar walking pattern in President Vladimir Putin, Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev and three other highly ranked Russian officials, all presenting with a consistently reduced right arm swing in the absence of other overt neurological abnormalities. Conclusions We propose that this new gait pattern, which we term “gunslinger’s gait,” may result from a behavioural adaptation, possibly triggered by KGB or other forms of weapons training where trainees are taught to keep their right hand close to the chest while walking, allowing them to quickly draw a gun when faced with a foe. This should be included in the differential diagnosis of a unilaterally reduced arm swing.Keywords:
Stroke
As the troditional swing can only swing without rotating, it cannot satisfy players well.Electronic swing consume electricity and has no action on players' musles while playing.This paper introduces us a new kind of rotating swing which can not only swing but also rotate inner 360°circle without using power. The rotating swing can be set up in any playground. It can train players'musles as well as bring more fun to players.
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This paper describes effect for human feelings by using a swing chair synchronized with moving pictures. The relations between human KANSEI and swing angles, pitching and rolling, were examined by using the swing chair and the moving pictures. The 12 KANSEI factors were measured under the conditions of various swing parameters: swing frequency, swing angle of swing chair, and swing angle of screen image. Feelings of powerful and interest were increased as the swing angle and the swing frequency of the swing chair become higher. Furthermore, by adding smaller swing angle of the swing chair, the powerful and the interest feelings were increased.
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Poststroke hemiplegic gait is a mixture of deviations and compensatory motion dictated by residual functions, and thus each patient must be examined and his/her unique gait pattern identified and documented. Quantitative 3‐dimensional gait analysis is the best way to understand the complex multifactorial gait dysfunction in hemiparetic patients. The goals of the present work are to (1) review the temporospatial, kinematic, kinetic, and electromyographic deviations from normal gait that commonly occur after stroke and are of clinical significance, along with the most likely causes of these deviations, and (2) differentiate the departures from normal gait parameters that arise as a direct consequence of poststroke motor problems and those that arise as learned or adaptive compensations for poststroke motor problems.
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In this research, we analyze the changes in gait when healthy
subjects wear knee braces, which constrain the subject's motion, such
as the elderly simulation kits. We aim to estimate leg disorders from
image sequences of the subject's walking. Since gait varies widely
among individuals, there are many researches on gait changes due to
various disorders and the gait-based identification. In this paper, we want to obtain gait changes common to all subjects when the subject situations are changes, such as decreasing of a joint range of movement.
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To identify the key biomechanical gait abnormalities resulting from traumatic brain injury (TBI) and determine whether the abnormalities support a system for the classification of gait disorders.Systematic review with data from quantitative studies synthesized in a narrative format.Adults with TBI.Spatiotemporal, kinematic, and kinetic parameters of classification systems.The search identified 38 articles that reported on various methods for gait assessment in TBI. Three-dimensional gait analysis (3DGA) was used in 15 studies, primarily to quantify spatiotemporal parameters. Results revealed that people with a TBI walked more slowly with shorter steps and greater mediolateral sway following TBI. Stepping over obstacles, walking with eyes closed, or performing dual tasks accentuated gait deficits. Only one small study reported kinematic data for the major lower limb joints in 8 well recovered patients. One further study used 3DGA to classify the gait patterns of people with TBI but this classification was based on methods developed for stroke and cerebral palsy. No studies attempted to develop a classification system on the basis of the gait disorders of people with TBI.Although the studies were generally of high quality, little is known about the nature of gait disorders following TBI. Classification based on systematic description of gait disorders following TBI has not been attempted.
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Objective. There is little descriptive research on the motion the body displays during the golf swing. The purpose of this research is to review the modern golf swing and compare its motion to the classic golf swing. Discussion. The comparison revealed subtle but significant differences in the backswing and the follow-through positions. The potential implications for power and injury, particularly of the lower back, are discussed. The discussion describes a third swing, the hybrid swing, which is a combination of the classic and modern swing. The hybrid swing may potentially reduce the chances of sustaining a low back injury while still retaining the power of the modern swing. Conclusion. The golf swing has evolved over time as a result of a combination of advanced equipment, course design and human experimentation. The hybrid swing is being taught by some golf professionals as a balance between the power-potential of the modern swing and the ‘back-friendly\' nature of the classic swing, though no studies have so far been conducted on its efficacy. Further investigation into the three golf swings, classic, modern and hybrid, is required to determine which swing is the most effective while also being friendly to the body. Such research will make possible the development programmes aimed at reducing golf injury rates, particularly to the lower back. South African Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 18 (3) 2006: pp. 80-91
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Gait cycle
Ground reaction force
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The fact that a mechanical system so well known to so many in its practical aspect as the swing has been thoroughly neglected in textbooks and problem papers may justify a few remarks on it here. The only reference to the swing which I have been able to find is the question requiring it to be shown that the amplitude of the swing may be increased by internal action only, if, when the swing passes through its lowest position, the distance of the centre of gravity from the point of suspension is (suddenly) shortened from l to ( l – h ), the full distance l being restored at the end of the swing.
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Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) may considerably change the gait parameters, including the gait variability patterns. Uncontrolled manifold (UCM) analysis has been used to evaluate the relationship between motor control and gait variability as a useful index for assessing the multi-segmental movements' coordination during walking. To our knowledge, no research has evaluated the alterations in the gait kinematic parameters during normal and narrow path walking in individuals with KOA as compared to asymptomatic people.In this cross-sectional study, individuals diagnosed with mild to moderate medial KOA and asymptomatic people will walk at their comfortable preferred speed on a treadmill. A motion capture system will be used to record at least 50 successful gait cycles. The kinematic variability of joints during gait will be analyzed using UCM, with the center of mass (COM) displacement considered as the performance variable. The primary outcome measure will be the lower limb synergy index. Variability of the COM displacement and changes in angles and angular velocities of lower extremity joints will be assessed as the secondary outcomes.The results of this protocol study provide information on the lower limb kinematic synergy during gait on normal and narrow paths for individuals with KOA and asymptomatic controls.This information will help the researchers and clinicians understand KOA patients' gait variability characteristics more deeply. Moreover, it may lead to an enhanced evidence-based approach for clinical decision-making concerning improving gait stability and decreasing the falling risk in these people.
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