Modeling the Response of Eutrophication Control Measures in a Swedish Lake
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Biomanipulation
Biogeochemical Cycle
In recent years, winter water treatment plant effluent quality in Baotou is abnormal. In order to investigate the causes of affecting the water quality. After a year water quality monitored parameters of the waterworks source and combined with algae lab laboratory testing, counting. Analyzeed water quality status and the relationship between the parameters. Obtained water had been polluted. In the annual end of winter the water in eutrophication, algal blooms. At last, analyzed the water occurred eutrophication's causes and mechanism at low temperature.r the engineering, design and application of bedpan.
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Biomanipulation
Biogeochemical Cycle
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Recently, eutrophication or lake and reservoir has become serious problem to man who want use that water for several purpose. In order to solve the eutrophication problem, the trophic state of that eutrophic lake and reservoir should be measured properly. For the purpose of this, various method to indicate the trophic state of lake and reservoir was developed by many researchers. This research was conducted to evaluate characteristics and eutrophication of water qualitymfor small scale reservoir in Kunsan. On-site investigation to 5 reservoirs and laboratory experiment were carried out during four seasons from November, 2003 to July, 2004. Twelve items measured field ana a laboratory. Measured data was analyzed to quantitative method by multivariate approach and eutrophication index. The result is summarized as following. 1) Showing the characteristics of water quality for reservoir in Kunsan, Okgu reservoir and Oknua reservoir was exceeded 4 grades of agricultural water standard in TP, TN and COD. This means that eutrophication was gone much, therefore, water-purity control of reservoir need. While, Mije reservoir that is used to Kunsan citizens' recreation was good in water quality. But, water quality exceeded 4 grades of agricultural Dater standard sometimes. 2) As a results of correlation analysis between variables of water qualify, Interrelation between variables which is connected with eutrophication was expressed good relationship as above 6.000 in correlation coefficients. The correlation coefficient(r) between COD and chlorophyll-a, total phosphorus and chlorophyll-a, total nitrogen and chlorophyll-a were 0.750, 0.720 and 0.600 respectively. Therefore, Change of water quality can grasp according to eutrophication progress degree. 3) If do evaluate to eutrophication by quantitative method which is proposed by OECD, US-EPA and Forsberg & Ryding, in the case of chlorophyll a, Okgu, Oknua and Daewi reservoir was eutrophic state and Mije and Geumgul reservoir was mesotrophic state. But, estimation by TN and TP showed highly eutrophic state (hypereutrophic) in all reservoirs. 4) If do evaluate by eutrophication index which is Carlson's TSI, revised carlson TSI and Walker's index, in the case of chlorophyll a, TSI values of Okgu, Oknua and Daewi reservoir is eutrophic state more than 50 and Mije and Geumgul reservoir was mesotrophic state as range of $40{\sim}50$ in TSI value. But, in the case of TP as nutrients, all reservoirs showed highly eutrophic state which was exceed to 70 in TSI value. According to above results, the water quality for small scale reservoirs in Kunsan is progressing by trophic state. therefore, for continuous use as agriculture water, we had better do establishment of management plan about water quality.
Trophic state index
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[Objective] The aim of the study was to investigate the eutrophication of main rivers in Tianjin and found out the main factors inducing the eutrophication.[Method] The phosphorus distributing was investigated in the main rivers of Tianjin.The phosphorus content was measured by spectrophotometer.[Result] The phosphorus content of Haihe River was higher than Jinhe River and Yuhe River.The average phosphorus content of Haihe River was 0.220 mg/L,that of Jinhe River was 0.082 mg/L and Yuhe River was 0.110 mg/L.All of them were higher than the value of eutrophication standard,0.100 mg/L.[Conclusion] The phosphorus content of three main rivers in Tianjin were all eutrophicated and they were polluted at different degrees.
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The problem of nutrient inputs to surface waters is reviewed. These inputs lead to eutrophication and an undesirable decrease in water quality. The origin and effects of eutrophication, and the principles of its control are described. The preferred method of control is through the reduction of phosphorus inputs. The origins of phosphorus inputs and methods of limiting these are considered, in particular through physico-chemical and biological treatment processes in sewage treatment plants. It is concluded that efficient control of eutrophication through reduction of phosphorus inputs is possible.
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The eutrophic state and water quality of 12 drinking water resources were evaluated by using the comprehensive nutritive index.The results show that the drinking water resources is polluted by nutritive salts and organic materials,and the values of CODMn、TN、TP and Chla were 1.79~8.13 mg/L,0.778~4.12 mg/L,0.013~0.067 mg/L and 2.99~212 mg/m3 respectively.The water quality of 6 built reservoirs is up to eutrophic level and the water quality of 2 building reservoirs and 4 building reservoirs is the slight eutrophic level and middle eutrophic level separatively.The water quality is mainly polluted by chemical fertilizer,poultry and animal culture,and aquatic culture.
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An investigation of water quality and eutrophication in Jingbo Lake was conducted once a month from April to July of 2007 in the Jingbo Lake.Water transparency,COD,total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) were measured,and the water quality was analyzed and divided into five categories according to surface water environmental functions and the protection targets.It was shown that water transparency was lower,COD was higher,and the pH value was lower than 7,which caused the lake to be slightly acidic.TN and TP values reached higher levels.The content of TN significantly exceeded the standards.The water quality of Jingbo Lake was category Ⅴ.The lake had a rather poor water quality and was in a state of serious eutrophication.
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Based on water quality parameters of 15 sites about chlorophyll a(Chl-a),total phosphorus(TP),total nitrogen(TN),transparency(SD) and permanganate index(CODMn)in Nansi Lake and its main inflow rivers,water quality was comprehensively analysised by different periods and monitoring of annual and inter-annual.The results showed that distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus concentration of lake is uneven,distribution of spatial appear non-uniformity.Compared with that in 2004,despite TN and CODMn have fluctuations in 2010,but TP and Chl-a in 2010 was fallen to 65.00% and 60.59%,SD in 2010 increased by 40.62%.Water quality of Nansi Lake and its surrounding river has improved overall,eutrophication situation has grown better,but water quality is farbelow the water quality Ⅲ standard,especially the Nanyang Lake,and some monitoring sites reached to severe eutrophication.Comprehensive analysis and evaluation of water Eutrophication,can provide a theoretical basis to resources protect,the Eastern Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project and sustainable development in Nansi Lake.
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Water quality safety is the key factor to maintain the ecosystem service functions of lakes. Field investigations and statistical analyses were carried out to study the water quality of a large, agriculture-stressed lakes (e.g., Chagan Lake) in Northeast China. The hydro-chemical properties of the Chagan Lake are HCO3·CO3-Na. Nutrient (N and P) and non-nutrient (pH and F−) were found to be the major factors that threaten water quality safety of the lake. The concentration of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) was found to vary seasonally and at different locations. The overall lake water had mean TN and TP values of 2.19 mg/L and 0.49 mg/L, respectively, in summer. TN was the major factor for water quality deterioration in the western region of the lake, while TP was the principal factor in the other regions, as determined by a principal component analysis (PCA). Fluoride (F−) concentration in the lake water were related to the values of total dissolved solid (TDS), pH, and electrical conductivity (EC). In addition, eutrophication is a fundamental index that has been affecting the ecological evaluation of water quality. The results showed that trophic level index (TLI), trophic state index (TSI), and eutrophication index (EI) were evaluated to quantify the risk of eutrophication. However, TLI and TSI can better describe the purification effect of the wetland. These indices showed that the lake water was hyper-eutrophic in summer, with TLI, TSI, and EI values of 60.1, 63.0, and 66.6, respectively. Disparities in water quality were observed among whole areas of the lake. Overall, this study revealed that controlling agriculture drainage is crucial for lake water quality management. The study generated critical data for making water quality management plans to control the risk.
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