Photo-crosslinking copolymers based polyanhydride and 1G polyamidoamine-methacrylamide as bone tissue engineering: Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro degradation
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Methacrylamide
Sebacic acid
Degradation
Biodegradable polymer
Biodegradable polymer
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The development of new biodegradable polymers (e.g. PCPP-SA) has allowed the prolonged controlled release of lipid soluble chemotherapeutic agents in the laboratory and clinically. In order to optimize this approach, a new polymer has been developed (the copolymer of fatty acid dimer and sebacic acid p[FAD-SA]) to release water soluble agents. In this study we sought to determine the safety and biocompatibility of this new polymer in the brain. We compared the tissue reaction to this polymer to the reaction observed with oxidized cellulose (SurgicelR) and with absorbable gelatin sponge (GelfoamR). Fifty-six adult Fischer 344 rats were assigned to 1 of 7 groups and underwent bilateral 3 mm burr holes. Neurological or behavioral changes were assessed daily and the groups were killed sequentially on postoperative days 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, and 36. No neurological deficits or behavioral changes suggestive of either systemic or localized toxicity were observed in the animals implanted with the new polyanhydride. A well demarcated acute inflammatory response was seen at day 3 and 6 for p(FAD-SA) and SurgicelR implants. The inflammatory response remained well localized and resolved with total degradation of the polymer by day 36. The localized reaction evoked by this polymer was comparable to the one of the previously studied biodegradable polymers (PCPP-SA) and to the response to commonly used surgical hemostatic materials such as SurgicelR. The biodegradable copolymer of fatty acid dimer and sebacic acid may play an important role in drug delivery to the brain by by-passing the blood-brain barrier to administer water soluble agents directly to the brain.
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Abstract Biodegradable polymers play a pivotal role in in situ tissue engineering. Utilizing various technologies, researchers have been able to fabricate 3D tissue engineering scaffolds using biodegradable polymers. They serve as temporary templates, providing physical and biochemical signals to the cells and determining the successful outcome of tissue remodeling. Furthermore, a biodegradable scaffold also presents the fourth dimension for tissue engineering, namely time. The properties of the biodegradable polymer change over time, presenting continuously changing features during the degradation process. These changes become more complicated when different materials are combined together to fabricate a composite or heterogeneous scaffold. This review undertakes a systematic analysis of the basic characteristics of biodegradable polymers and describe recent advances in making composite biodegradable scaffolds for in situ tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The interaction between implanted biodegradable biomaterials and the in vivo environment are also discussed, including the properties and functional changes of the degradable scaffold, the local effect of degradation on the contiguous tissue and their evaluation using both in vitro and in vivo models.
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The traditional preparation process of sebacic acid by cracking castor oil was studied and the reason of producing a large number of waste water containing salt and phenol was analyzed.a new technological process and new condition for preparing sebacic acid by one step acidification method was put forward and the effect of water dosage on yield of products was investigated.The results indicated that sebacic acid yield of the new process is the same as that of the original process,and the quality of products was in accord with the national standards,however the wastewater quantity was only about 1/4of traditional method.It create conditions for pollution treatment of preparation of sebacic acid completely.
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Abstract Interpolymer complex formation has been studied between methacrylic acid‐methacrylamide copolymer and acrylic acid–acrylamide copolymer. The respective co‐monomer units of the two copolymers enter into complex formation through H‐bonding and ion dipole interactions. The unreacted units in the copolymer complex also interact with homopolymers such as PEO and PVP to form ternary complex. Formation of complexes and replacement reactions could be shown through several experimental techniques, e.g., viscometry, conductometry, and potentiometry.
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Abstract The effectiveness of an injectable polymeric formulation, based on poly(sebacic acid‐ co ‐ricinoleic acid) and paclitaxel against a heterotopic tumor model was studied. An injectable pasty polymer that releases an incorporated drug over a period of weeks was used. The degradation rate of formulations with paclitaxel was examined in vitro and in vivo . The effectiveness of the polymeric carrier of paclitaxel was investigated using a melanoma heterotopic model in C57BL/6 mice. Tumor bearing animals were injected intratumorally with 0.1 ml of formulations containing 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% paclitaxel. Formulations with 5% and 10% paclitaxel content degraded faster in vivo then in vitro . Changes in tumor progression, survival time, and body weight were observed over a period of 77 days. The highest tumor size was reported for the control groups that did not receive paclitaxel in their treatment regiment: 3.6 g on day 20, while in all groups treated with polymer loaded with paclitaxel the tumor size was much smaller than that in the blank polymer or non treatment groups and ranged from 1.3 g to 0.3 g. Intratumoral injection of paclitaxel loaded in the polymer was found to be an effective treatment for localized tumors. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2010
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