Development and evaluation of ForestGrowth‐SRC a process‐based model for short rotation coppice yield and spatial supply reveals poplar uses water more efficiently than willow
Matthew J. TallisEric CasellaPaul A. HenshallMatthew AylottTimothy J. RandleJames MorisonGail Taylor
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Abstract:
Abstract Woody biomass produced from short rotation coppice ( SRC ) poplar ( Populus spp.) and willow ( Salix spp.) is a bioenergy feedstock that can be grown widely across temperate landscapes and its use is likely to increase in future. Process‐based models are therefore required to predict current and future yield potential that are spatially resolved and can consider new genotypes and climates that will influence future yield. The development of a process‐based model for SRC poplar and willow, ForestGrowth‐ SRC , is described and the ability of the model to predict SRC yield and water use efficiency ( WUE ) was evaluated. ForestGrowth‐ SRC was parameterized from a process‐based model, ForestGrowth for high forest. The new model predicted annual above ground yield well for poplar ( r 2 = 0.91, RMSE = 1.46 ODT ha −1 yr −1 ) and willow ( r 2 = 0.85, RMSE = 1.53 ODT ha −1 yr −1 ), when compared with measured data from seven sites in contrasting climatic zones across the United Kingdom . Average modelled yields for poplar and willow were 10.3 and 9.0 ODT ha −1 yr −1 , respectively, and interestingly, the model predicted a higher WUE for poplar than for willow: 9.5 and 5.5 g kg −1 respectively. Using regional mapped climate and soil inputs, modelled and measured yields for willow compared well ( r 2 = 0.58, RMSE = 1.27 ODT ha −1 yr −1 ), providing the first UK map of SRC yield, from a process‐based model. We suggest that the model can be used for predicting current and future SRC yields at a regional scale, highlighting important species and genotype choices with respect to water use efficiency and yield potential.Keywords:
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In einer Versuchsserie von 2010 – 2012 mit insgesamt funf Feldversuchen an drei Standorten konnte die Notwendigkeit einer effizienten Unkrautkontrolle bei der Anlage von Pappel- und Weiden- Kurzumtriebsplantagen (KUP) auf Ackerstandorten nachgewiesen werden. Auf der Basis von Selektivitatsprufungen wurden Herbizide mit einer sicheren Kulturvertraglichkeit fur die Anwendung im Vor- und Nachauflaufverfahren bestimmt. In weiteren Versuchen wurden Praparatekombinationen als Tankmischungen und Spritzfolgebehandlungen fur eine moglichst effiziente und nachhaltige Unkrautkontrolle entwickelt. Aufgrund dieser Ergebnisse wird empfohlen bei der Anlage von Pappel- und Weiden-KUP eine Vorauflaufbehandlung als Tankmischung mit einer an das standortspezifische Unkrautspektrum angepassten Praparatekombination mit Artist, Cadou SC, Sencor WG, Spectrum, Spectrum Plus oder Stomp Aqua fur eine breit wirksame Unkrautkontrolle vorzunehmen. Folgeverunkrautungen konnen bei Bedarf im Nachauflaufverfahren mit den Herbiziden Aramo oder Lontrel 100 reguliert werden. Es wird angestrebt, fur die erfolgreich gepruften Herbizide eine Ausweitung des Anwendungsgebietes fur den Einsatz in Pappel und Weiden-KUP nach Art.51 der EU-Zulassungsverordnung (EG) Nr. 1107/2009 zu erlangen.Stichworter: Bioenergie, Ertrag, Feldversuche, Herbizide, Kulturvertraglichkeit, Luckenindikationsverfahren, nachwachsende RohstoffeChemical weed control by planting of poplar (Populus) and willow (Salix) short rotation coppiceAbstractFive field trials were carried out from 2010 – 2012 on three different locations. The trials conformed high requirement of effective weed control by planting poplar and willow short rotation coppice (SRC) on arable area. The selectivity of different pre-emergent and post-emergent herbicide treatments was tested. Further trials focused on sufficient and long-standing herbicide efficacy of tank mixture and sequence treatments. As results of these trials it is advisable to use proper soil active herbicides like Artist, Cadou SC, Sencor WG, Spectrum, Spectrum Plus or Stomp Aqua as pre-emergent tank mixture treatment after planting of poplar and willow SRC. Aramo and Lontrel 100 can be used as post-emergent treatment for control of specific weeds. We intend to register the successful tested herbicides for minor use in poplar and willow SRC under licensing referred to Art. 51 regulation (EC) no 1107/2009.Keywords: Field trials, herbicide, yield, minor use program, renewable energy crop, selectivity
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